蓬■红色素的提取及其稳定性研究

为探讨蓬红色素作为一种天然食用色素的可行性 ,该文对其色素的稳定性进行了初步研究。结果表明 :蓬红色素在可见光区的最大吸收波长 (在柠檬酸—磷酸氢二钠缓冲液内 )是 5 0 2nm ,在酸性条件下 (pH≤ 4 ) ,该色素较稳定。色素在有机溶剂中溶解性不好。色素热稳定性较好 ,但氧化剂H2 O2 及高浓度Na2 SO3 对它有严重破坏作用。强光对色素的破坏较之自然光、黑暗来得大。     

Yellow vein-affected blackberries and the presence of a novel Crinivirus

During the last 5 years, blackberry plants in Arkansas and North and South Carolina exhibited virus-like symptoms of vein yellowing and mosaic, followed in some cases by death. Diagnostic tests for known blackberry viruses failed to identify a causal agent. Double-stranded RNA was extracted from affected plants and cloned. A new member of the Closteroviridae was identified and designated Blackberry yellow vein associated virus (BYVaV). Molecular and immunological assays have been developed for BYVaV, and examination of plants with symptoms revealed a close association of disease symptoms with the presence of BYVaV, although the virus was also found in symptomless plants. Molecular characterization of isolates from plants exhibiting different degrees of disease severity indicated that sequence diversity is probably not the cause of the observed phenotypic differences.     

Some consequences of pollen storage in the raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)

Summary Raspberry pollen was stored at 5°C and –13°C for six months and then tested for its ability to induce pyrene set and the production of viable seedlings, and for its effect upon the segregation of a major gene s. Only pollen stored at –13°C gave a pyrene set and germination percentage adequate to produce sufficient seedlings for a breeding programme. It is suggested that tests of pollen viability in the raspberry should include studies of pollen germination, and the effect of this pollen on pyrene set and seed germination. Possible causes of the loss of viability in the pollen stored at 5°C are discussed.     

Somaclonal variation among ex vitro ‘Thornless Evergreen’ trailing blackberries

Summary Thornless Evergreen (TE) blackberry (Rubus laciniatus Willd.) is a periclinal chimera in which the epidermis has mutated to thornlessness (designated t), while the internal portions of the plant remain genetically thorny (tTT). Over 300 ex vitro plants (from shoot tip cultures of TE) were established in the field and observed over two fruiting seasons for various vegetative traits and fruiting characteristics. Both parental types and variants were included in the field plantings. Plants were evaluated for growth habit, vigor, flowering, and fruiting traits. Continuous variation for growth habit, vigor, flower number, and fertility was observed. Some of the variation could be explained in terms of chimeral segregation (pure thornless vs. chimeral types). Tissue culture-induced (somaclonal) variation was assumed to be the source of most of the other variation.     

Detached Cane Assay of Resistance to Botryosphaeria Cane Canker (Botryosphaeria dothidea) in Eastern U.S. Blackberry Genotypes

Abstract

Resistance to Botryosphaeria cane canker in blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus Watson) was studied in eleven cultivars (‘Apache’, ‘Arapaho’, ‘Chester Thornless’, ‘Chickasaw’, ‘Illini Hardy’, ‘Kiowa’, ‘Navaho’, ‘Ouachita’, ‘Prime-Jim?’, ‘Shawnee’ and ‘Triple Crown’) using a detached cane assay. Ends of stem segments were sealed with wax and wound-inoculated using squares of media with mycelium. Segments were kept in humid containers on a lab bench and reaction was evaluated ten days after inoculation by measuring the area of the resulting lesion. ‘Chicaksaw’ was found to be the most susceptible by this assay, while ‘Arapaho’ and ‘Triple Crown’ were found to be the most resistant.     

3种野生浆果花色苷体外抗氧化活性的相关性研究

花色苷(Anthocyanin)是植物多酚类化合物,广泛存在于自然界中。以笃斯越橘、黑加仑、树莓3种浆果为原料进行了花色苷抗氧化活性功能的研究,结果表明:3种花色苷都具有抗氧化活性,可以有效清除DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧自由基,都具有还原能力,可以有效地抑制脂质过氧化。3种花色苷的抗氧化能力和其浓度之间存在着明显的量效关系,且在不同的抗氧化体系中相同浓度下的不同花色苷则表现出不同的抗氧化活性;3种方法相互之间对于测定花色苷抗氧化能力都具有显著的相关性。     

内乡宝天曼自然保护区悬钩子属植物资源状况及经济价值分析

通过对内乡宝天曼自然保护区野生悬钩子属植物资源的调查,发现悬钩子属植物23种5变种,含单叶类植物4种1变种,复叶类植物19种4变种,其中光滑悬钩子为河南新分布。对悬钩子属中具有食用价值和药用价值的植物进行了概述和分析,选择了一些优良类型,以供开发利用作参考。     

寒地树莓优质新品系引种试验

引进树莓品种（系）7个,经过3年引种栽培试验,对物候期、抗寒性、丰产性等性状测试,筛选出美红22、澳洲红、中林42三个具有品质优良、产量高、抗寒能力强等优良特性的新品种（系）。     

山西省悬钩子属植物资源种类与分布

利用文献资料与实地调查相结合,探讨山西省境内悬钩子属(RubusL.)植物种质资源类型与分布,并对其在园林中常用的观赏特性进行总结,为以后园林引种与种植提供科学依据。调查表明:山西省现有悬钩子植物种类(含变种)20种,一些种类在山西境内广泛分布,一些种类是成地域性分布。