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961.
《Plant Production Science》2013,16(3):230-234
AbstractTo elucidate the possible participation of hemicellulose decomposition in lodging resistance, we studied the change of hemicellulose and cellulose content in the stems of rice during the ripening stage by methylation analysis and the expression of related genes by Northern blotting. In the rice stem in ripening stage, content of (1-3,1-4)-β-glucan, a component of hemicellulose, decreased markedly although the content of arabinoxylan, a major component of hemicellulose, and cellulose showed little change during the same growth period. On the other hand, expression of the Gns 1 gene, which may encode (1-3,1-4) -β-glucanase that catalyzes the degradation of (1-3,14) -β-glucan, increased sharply in the stem. The mechanism of decomposition of (1-3,1-4) -β-glucan in rice stem and the possible association with lodging resistance is discussed. 相似文献
962.
Sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor L.) Moench] is a highly productive crop plant, which can be used for alternative energy resource, human food, livestock feed or industrial purposes. The biomass of sorghum can be utilized as solid fuel via thermochemical routes or as a carbohydrate substrate via fermentation processes. The plant has a great adaptation potential to drought, high salinity and high temperature, which are important characteristics of genotypes growing in extreme environments. However, the climate change in the 21st century may bring about new challenges in the cultivated areas. In this review, we summarize the most recent literature about the responses of sorghum to the most important abiotic stresses: nutrient deficiency, aluminium stress, drought, high salinity, waterlogging or temperature stress the plants have to cope with during cultivation. The advanced molecular and system biological tools provide new opportunities for breeders to select stress‐tolerant and high‐yielding cultivars. 相似文献
963.
本研究针对迄今有关小麦小分子RNA(miRNA)家族成员介导植株氮素吸收和利用机理尚少见报道的现状,对TaMIR1129的表达特征和介导植株抵御低氮逆境功能进行了研究。结果表明,TaMIR1129呈低氮胁迫诱导表达,表现为随氮浓度降低(0.02~6mmol/L)和处理时间延长(0~48h)表达水平不断增高特征。此外,低氮诱导的高表达水平在恢复供氮后表达下调。表明该miRNA对介质中氮素应答呈典型的时间及浓度依赖特征。TaMIR1129作用2个靶基因,包括Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase(TaMCS)和Major facilitator family transporter(TaMFFT),上述基因应答低氮特征与TaMIR1129相反。遗传转化结果表明,超表达TaMIR1129具有显著增强植株抵御低氮逆境的能力。表现为与野生型对照相比,转基因系Sen 1和Sen 2低氮处理后植株形态增大,干质量增加,氮累积量增多。表明TaMIR1129与作用靶基因构建miRNA/target模块在介导植株抵御低氮逆境中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
964.
《Plant Production Science》2013,16(1):90-94
AbstractPaclobutrazol (PB), an inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis, was applied to peanut plants altered dry-matter distribution and increased seed yield. PB solution at a concentration of 100, 200 or 400 ppm was sprayed on foliage at the beginning of the pod formation stage (BPFS), the early pod filling stage (EPFS) and the middle pod filling stage (MPFS) .The height of the plants treated with PB at BPFS and EPFS was shorter than that of the control plants by more than 10 and 5 cm, respectively. The pod number of the plants treated with 100 or 200 ppm PB at any developmental stage was higher than that of the plants treated with 0 or 400 ppm PB. The seed yield was increased by PB applied at any stage, and the yield after the treatment with 100 or 200 ppm PB at BPFS or EPFS was approximately 370 gm~2. 相似文献
965.
报告了花生幼苗(苗龄为6d)中多胺氧化酶的组织化学定位,并就该酶定位研究中的摄影问题提出了几点看法 相似文献
966.
967.
冷地型鸭茅不同品种生产性能的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对日本引入的 1 2个冷地型禾草品种 (其中 9个鸭茅品种 ,3个参考品种 )的生产性能进行了研究 ,其结果表明 ,9个鸭茅品种都能适应当地的环境条件 ,且生产发育良好。 4月初返青 ,5月下旬抽穗 ,除干草王Ⅱ之外 ,返青后 6周左右即可进行第一次刈割。其干物质产量由高到低依次为 :干草王、秋绿、Potomac、早生绿、先进、夏绿、风绿、北斗和干草王Ⅱ。三年的干物质产量为 1 4 895~ 2 0 5 1 4kg/hm2 ,干草王Ⅱ的干物质产量显著低于其它品种(P <0 0 5 )。再生草产量占总产量的 6 2 2 5 %~ 72 80 %。 相似文献
968.
以杂交油菜秦油2 号和普通油菜中油821 为试验材料,研究了在施硼砂的基础上喷施植物生长调控剂对油菜的生物学效应- 结果表明:喷施多效唑(MET)使油菜叶片的气孔数、有效荚果数大幅度增加,对千粒重影响不明显,但使荚果内的表现粒数明显减少,尤其使秦油2 号的成棵率极显著降低,且减产达显著水平;喷施802 使油菜的有效荚果数和千粒重增加,但使叶片的气孔数和荚果内的表现粒数减少,增产效果不显著;喷施增产菌除使千粒重有增加的趋势外,但使中油821 的成棵率极显著降低,增产效果也不显著 相似文献
969.
亚热带山地多年生黑麦草及选育材料生产性能的评价 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
在南方亚热带山地,对12个多年生黑麦草品种和选自老草地上11个育种材料的生长发育状况观察及生产性能进行了评价和比较,3年的试验结果表明,在该试验条件下表现优良的有来自美国的品种编号为17-1Bison和选自老草地上的91-1,H-15和B-1等3个选育材料,它们的共同特点是返青早,产草量高,有推广前景和继续选育的价值。 相似文献
970.
L. M. DELSERONE K. McCLUSKEY D. E. MATTHEWS H. D. VANETTEN 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》1999,55(6):317
Previous studies have indicated that detoxification of their hosts' phytoalexins is a tolerance mechanism for some true fungi, but not the fungus-like Oomycota, and may be involved in determining the virulence of a pathogen. In the present study, the associations between demethylation of the pea phytoalexin pisatin, tolerance to pisatin, and virulence on pea were examined for 50 fungal isolates which represent 17 species of pathogens and nonpathogens of pea. All isolates ofPythium coloratum and P. irregulare failed to metabolize and were sensitive to pisatin, consistent with previous observations that members of the Oomycota generally lack the ability to metabolize and are sensitive to their hosts' phytoalexins. Among true fungi tested, the ability to demethylate pisatin was common, regardless of whether the particular isolate was pathogenic on pea or not. However, when the rate of pisatin demethylation was compared to virulence, all but one of the moderate to highly virulent isolates rapidly demethylated pisatin. In addition, the more rapidly demethylating isolates were generally more tolerant of pisatin. These results suggest that a specialized enzyme system for quickly detoxifying pisatin might be present in most pea pathogens. In previous studies a specific cytochrome P450 enzyme for demethylating pisatin was identified in the pea pathogen Nectria haematococca mating population VI, and genes (PDA genes) encoding that enzyme have been cloned from this fungus. When DNA specific for these genes was used to probe genomic DNA from other fungi that demethylate pisatin, significant hybridization was detected with only one fungus, the pea pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi. If the other pea pathogens possess a specific cytochrome P450 system for detoxification of pisatin, the genes encoding these enzymes apparently share limited nucleotide similarity with N. haematococca PDA genes. 相似文献