2006年上海市青浦区稻褐飞虱发生特点及防除策略

从虫情监测与发生特点、科学分析和制定防治策略、科学确定和调整防治适期、合理配药和统防保证防效等技术角度系统地总结了青浦区2006年有效控制水稻褐飞虱大暴发的经验,以期为今后褐飞虱的防治提供借鉴。     

水杨酸与植物的抗性

水杨酸是一种重要的内源信号分子,本文对水杨酸诱导植物的抗病性、抗旱性、抗盐性、抗温性及抗紫外辐射进行了综述,并对水杨酸与植物抗性研究存在的问题及今后研究的趋势进行了简单的阐述。     

Ultra‐long‐acting recombinant insulin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in dogs

BackgroundFor the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs, novel insulins with decreased injection frequency while maintaining safety and efficacy are desirable. Insulin fused with immunoglobulin‐fragment‐crystallizable (Fc) has an ultra‐long plasma half‐life because it recycles through cells, protected from proteolysis.HypothesisGlycemic control can be achieved in diabetic dogs with a recombinant fusion protein of a synthetic insulin and canine Fc (AKS‐218d) administered subcutaneously once‐weekly.AnimalsFive client‐owned dogs with naturally occurring DM.MethodsProspective clinical trial in dogs with DM that were recruited from the UC Davis Veterinary Teaching Hospital and local veterinary clinics. Dogs previously controlled using intermediate‐acting insulin q12h were transitioned to once‐weekly injections of a preliminary construct identified as AKS‐218d. The dose of AKS‐218d was titrated weekly for 8 weeks based on clinical response and continuous interstitial glucose monitoring. Clinical signs, body weight, serum fructosamine concentrations, and mean interstitial glucose concentrations (IG) over the preceding week were compared between baseline (before AKS‐218d) and during the last week of treatment. Data were compared using nonparametric paired tests.ResultsOnce‐weekly AKS‐218d, compared to baseline twice‐daily insulin therapy, resulted in no significant changes in clinical signs, median (range) body weight (+0.4 kg [−0.5‐1.1]; P = .6), fructosamine concentration (−75 mmol/L [−215 to +126]; P = .4), or mean IG (+81 mg/dL [−282 to +144]; P = .8). No adverse reactions were reported.ConclusionControl of clinical signs, body weight, and maintenance of glycemia was achieved with this once‐weekly novel insulin construct in 4 of 5 dogs.     

西瓜抗枯萎病基因同源序列的克隆与分析

本研究根据已克隆的抗枯萎病基因的NBS保守结构域设计了22条上游简并引物和17条下游简并引物,以西瓜抗枯萎病种质PI296341-FR和感枯萎病品种97103为材料,获得了7条来自基因组DNA的RGA序列（GenBank登录号：DQ156558-DQ156564）,均含有NBS保守区的P-环、kinase-2或kinase-3等抗病基因的特征序列结构,所编码的氨基酸序列与已知抗枯萎病基因Fom-2、I2C-1、I2C-2和I2等编码的氨基酸序列表现出11%～72%的同源性,其中来自PI296341-FR的RGA序列175R1与甜瓜抗枯萎病基因Fom-2的同源性最高,为72%。来自PI296341-FR与97103的RGA序列之间同源性较高（73%～97%）,证明了抗病基因在进化上的保守性。     

贵州林火发生时间卫星监测动态分析

根据国家林业局西南卫星林火监测分中心2005~2010年贵州林业卫星监测数据及相关信息的分析,对贵州省林火发生时间进行动态分析,结果表明,2009~2010年持续高温干旱,火灾发生频率较高,1~2月份进入高危火险时间,3~4月进入高峰期。分析结果为有针对性地制定防火规划提供依据。     

ZigBee技术在农业环境监测系统中的应用与研究

针对我国现阶段很多农村地处偏远、环境分散、易变的特点,提出了基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络在农业环境的应用方案,采用Atmel公司的低功耗控制芯片C8051F和MaxStream公司的XBee模块,并采用了星形网络的拓扑结构,实现了低功耗、低成本、低复杂度的检测系统,通过对温湿度等环境因子的检测,实现了对作物种植环境实时监测的要求。     

福建漳江口红树林湿地保护区遥感监测及保护分析

对福建漳江口红树林湿地保护区1992年、1996年、2001年和2008年4个时期LandsatTM影像数据分别进行校正和配准,然后选用波段比值法进行红树林信息提取,并根据植被指数和植被覆盖度的关系模型估算保护区植被覆盖度。并针对保护区红树林面积的时空变化特征和植被覆盖度空间格局变化,分析红树林湿地保护对策。结果表明:近十几年来,红树林面积逐渐增加,以大斑块的增加较为明显,红树林分布趋于集中。其中,以2001～2008年间红树林面积增长最多,而1992～1996年间面积增长最快。保护区中高植被覆盖度呈总体增加趋势,低植被覆盖面积比降低。从植被覆盖面积构成来看,中高植被覆盖面积比达80%以上。针对保护区红树林面积和空间变化特点,结合当地实际情况,提出合理的湿地保护对策。     

Remote real-time monitoring soil water potential system based on GSM

Aiming at the limitation of traditional measuring soil water potential, the paper presents an information system based GSM to real-time monitor data coming from multiple data sources. The monitoring system, which consisted of monitoring center, GSM transmission channel and data detection terminal, was given. The detection terminal included the measuring station and TS-2 negative pressure meter, which was applied to measure soil water potential. Nowadays the system has been successfully applied to drip irrigation in the cotton field on farm in Xinjiang region. The system provides a feasible technology frame-work for collecting and processing wide geographical distribution data in farmland.     

小菜蛾抗性适合度代价研究进展

昆虫抗药性的产生常伴有适合度代价。在叙述小菜蛾对防治其危害的大量杀虫剂产生抗性的基础上,阐述了小菜蛾抗性适合度代价的研究进展。     

克拉玛依市土地荒漠化评价及动态监测

应用RS与GIS技术,利用2004年和2009年TM遥感数据,对克拉玛依市境内的荒漠化土地现状与动态变化进行监测研究,并对其时空特征进行分析。结果表明：克拉玛依市荒漠化土地面积2009年为727472.85hm2,占总面积的94.73%。其中,风蚀荒漠化面积431803.62hm2,占监测区总面积的56.23%。2004年荒漠化总面积为732893.96hm2。近5a来,克拉玛依市荒漠化土地面积总体呈略微减少趋势,但荒漠化程度明显变轻,主要表现为极重度风蚀荒漠化和盐渍化荒漠化分别减少了21.96%和7.44%。