广西山区茶园无线网络监测系统设计

针对广西山区茶园设计了依靠节点自组织特性自动构建零通信费的ZigBee无线网络监测系统,能够定时采集茶园的空气温湿度、土壤温湿度和光照等参数。该系统除协调器外全部使用路由节点,种植区按蜂窝状划分,每个路由监测节点均布置在蜂窝中心,有效提高了监测系统可靠性。在种植区与监控中心之间的非种植区设计了路由中继节点,用于接力传送茶园监测数据至监控中心内的协调器。节点硬件电路包括核心板与底板,核心板设计了CC2530与RFX2401射频功放,底板设计了传感器处理模块、电源模块及调试接口。深入分析了Z-stack协议栈基于事件处理的多任务构架下用户程序设计方法。完成了山区茶园基于ZigBee技术的无线监控网络设计,实现了茶叶种植区内空气温、湿度及土壤温、湿度,光照参数,CC2530供电电压和工作温度的周期采集和传输。通过实际运行,整个系统稳定可靠。     

The Research and Design of the Remote Monitoring Terminal Based the Wireless Communications Fault Indicator and GPRS

基于无线通信的故障指示器和GPRS的一遥远方监控终端中的无线通信故障指示器能对环网开关柜、分支箱、开闭站、开闭器、电缆分界箱等电力设备进行监测,通过检测故障电流指示出故障所在的出线、分支和区段,经过无线通信方式上传至一遥远方监控终端（DTU）,然后通过GPRS上传主站,便于运行维护工作人员对配电网的故障迅速定位、监测和维护。现场安装实验结果表明,该设计在配电网的出线、分支及区段的故障定位方面迅速、可靠,便于运行人员现场监测和维护。     

Isoflavonoid Accumulation Pattern as Affected by Shading from Maize in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in Relay Strip Intercropping System

Abstract

Soybean is the most common resource of isoflavonoid in human food. Wide development of relay strip intercropped soybean has contributed to the soybean industry in China. Due to the shading from maize, growth and grain production of soybean is reduced. However, whether soybean isoflavonoid accumulation pattern is influenced in the relay strip intercropping system is still unclear. Here, we studied the accumulation patterns of soybean isoflavones in the relay strip intercropping system and sole cropping system at the per-harvest stage. The accumulation patterns of soybean isoflavones at the postharvest stage were also studied. The results indicated that accumulation patterns of soybean isoflavones of all varieties in leaf and seed in the two systems were similar, but the trend was delayed in the relay strip intercropping system compared with the sole cropping system. During the pod filling stage, the total content of isoflavone, M-type isoflavone content, G-type isoflavone content in seed in the relay strip intercropping system were lower than those in the sole cropping system. During the after-ripening period, seed isoflavone content, M-type isoflavone content, G-type isoflavone content in seed increased in both systems, but were higher in the relay strip intercropping system. The temperature and photosynthetically active radiation were significantly lower in relay intercropping than in sole cropping, while relative humidity showed the opposite trend. Path analysis showed that total isoflavone content in leaves and seeds showed a significantly positive correlation with temperature and photosynthetically active radiation, but significantly negative correlation with relative humidity. Correlation analysis between the highest isoflavone content in sole cropping or relay intercropping seeds and agronomic traits revealed a significant positive correlation between the number of both branches and pods with total isoflavone, M-type isoflavone and G-type isoflavone in both systems.     

Extract from the Zooxanthellate Jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata Modulates Gap Junction Intercellular Communication in Human Cell Cultures

On a global scale, jellyfish populations in coastal marine ecosystems exhibit increasing trends of abundance. High-density outbreaks may directly or indirectly affect human economical and recreational activities, as well as public health. As the interest in biology of marine jellyfish grows, a number of jellyfish metabolites with healthy potential, such as anticancer or antioxidant activities, is increasingly reported. In this study, the Mediterranean “fried egg jellyfish” Cotylorhiza tuberculata (Macri, 1778) has been targeted in the search forputative valuable bioactive compounds. A medusa extract was obtained, fractionated, characterized by HPLC, GC-MS and SDS-PAGE and assayed for its biological activity on breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa). The composition of the jellyfish extract included photosynthetic pigments, valuable ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, and polypeptides derived either from jellyfish tissues and their algal symbionts. Extract fractions showed antioxidant activity and the ability to affect cell viability and intercellular communication mediated by gap junctions (GJIC) differentially in MCF-7and HEKa cells. A significantly higher cytotoxicity and GJIC enhancement in MCF-7 compared to HEKa cells was recorded. A putative action mechanism for the anticancer bioactivity through the modulation of GJIC has been hypothesized and its nutraceutical and pharmaceutical potential was discussed.     

Media coverage of lethal control: A case study of kangaroo culling in the Australian Capital Territory

Culling kangaroos, Australia’s most abundant marsupial, is a controversial practice in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The ACT government introduced a kangaroo management plan in response to the growing kangaroo population causing damage in grassland ecosystems. Although some groups (e.g., local government, some researchers) support implementation of this plan, critics claim it is inhumane and lacks concrete evidence. To examine media portrayal of this debate, this study conducted a content analysis of newspaper coverage between 2006 and 2016. Although ACT newspapers were impartial in their presentation of the debate, sources that previous studies found were typically considered trustworthy to speak on the scientific validity of the program were found to have conflicting messages and be less represented in the media. Thus, future research should explore if the messenger is more important than the message in determining influences on public perceptions about the use of lethal control.     

基于NRF24E1无线奶牛体温数据采集系统设计

奶牛体温是衡量奶牛健康状况的重要参数,定时采集奶牛体温对于判断奶牛的健康状况有着重要意义。人们对于数据传输大多采用有线方式,但牛舍环境不便于铺设线缆进行数据传输。为此,本系统利用收发芯片NRF24E1进行设计,实现了奶牛体温数据采集系统与上位机进行无线通信,满足了对奶牛体温数据实时监测的要求,提高了对奶牛体温数据采集的自动性和高效性。通过芯片的选型以及芯片外围电路的改进优化了硬件电路,并且设计了有效的通信协议,防止传输的数据信号产生畸变并具有自动剔除错误信号的能力。该系统对多头奶牛的体温进行了测量,试验表明,本系统具有较高的实用性和可靠性,成本低功耗低,具有良好的应用前景。     

套作遮荫条件下烯效唑对大豆壮苗机理的研究

为探明烯效唑在套作遮荫条件下对大豆的壮苗机理,通过盆栽试验,研究了烯效唑干拌种（0、2、4、8 mg/kg）对大豆苗期根、叶生理功能的影响。结果表明,烯效唑干拌种提高了根体积、根系活力和根系活跃吸收面积（除8 mg/kg）,但显著降低了根长。同时,烯效唑干拌种还提高了根、叶中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,从而降低了脂质过氧化程度,降低了根、叶中丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高了根、叶中脯氨酸(Pro)含量,最终保护了细胞膜的完整性和功能性,其中烯效唑干拌种浓度以4 mg/kg最佳。可见,适宜浓度的烯效唑干拌种可以改善套作大豆苗期生长,提高耐荫抗逆能力,有利于套作大豆后期的营养生长和生殖生长。     

便携式应急移动中继通信系统的野外试验研究

利用改进后的便携式应急移动调频中继通信系统的两种组网方式,采取人员背负、嘹望台架设、车载和机载四种中继台搭载方式,开展了地面和机载应急中继组网通信试验,测试了通信效果和通信距离等综合技术参数,并对通信情况进行了分析,全面检验了该系统在山地林区进行应急移动中继通信组网的能力。     

高寒山区玉米、马铃薯特种套作模式研究简报

通过马铃薯、玉米单作、二套二等距、二套二不等距、四套四等距、四套四不等距等种植模式研究,结果表明:单作玉米比单作马铃薯经济效益高;马铃薯与玉米套作均比单作玉米或单作马铃薯经济效益高;在套作模式中,产值差异不显著,但二套二经济效益比四套四经济效益高,二套二又以不等距栽培较好。     

Agronomic performance of no-tillage relay intercropping with maize under smallholder conditions in Central Brazil

In the context of conservation agriculture on small scale farms of the Brazilian Cerrado, we hypothesized that planting a cover crop in relay with a commercial crop improves the efficiency of use of available natural resources, increasing biomass for use as fodder without reducing the grain yield of the main crop. The objective of this study was to measure the performance of two intercropped systems in terms of total above-ground biomass production and maize (Zea mays) grain yield: pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and Brachiaria (Brachiaria ruziziensis) sown as cover crops in established maize under a no-tillage management. The cover crops were sown at two different dates and a comparison was made with the three crops sown as a sole crop at the early sowing date. The experiment was conducted during the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 growing seasons. Maize grain yield was not reduced by the presence of the relay cover crops in comparison with maize as the sole crop, even when the cover crop was sown soon after maize emergence. In contrast, the production of above-ground biomass by the cover crop was significantly lower when grown with maize than it was when grown as a sole crop. In the intercropped systems, when sown early, the cover crop produced higher total biomass than when sown late. Total above-ground biomass production of maize intercropped with a cover crop was much higher than that of any of the crops sown alone: the total biomass (average of the two growing seasons) produced by maize and pigeon pea was more than double that of maize grown alone. The land equivalent ratio (LER) of maize grain yield and biomass production was higher than one whatever the intercropped system used. It was particularly high when maize was intercropped with early sown pigeon pea; grain yield LER and biomass LER reaching, respectively, 1.72 and 1.73 in 2007-2008 and 2.02 and 2.03 in 2008-2009. These high LER values provide evidence for the complementary and the high efficiency of use of available resources by the intercropped plants and thus the advantage of such systems to produce both maize grain and cover crop forage under the conditions of our study.