Selenium supplementation changes glutathione peroxidase activity and thyroid hormone production in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae

Dietary selenium (Se) influences the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the thyroid hormone system in vertebrates, but these relations are poorly described in fish. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Se supplementation on Senegalese sole larvae, focusing on GPx activity and thyroid status. Two groups of larvae were fed on either control (C) or Se‐enriched live feed, from 2 days after hatch (DAH) until 34 DAH. Senegalese sole larvae fed Se‐enriched live feed significantly increased their whole‐body Se, compared to larvae from C group. The activity of GPx was higher in larvae from Se group, suggesting that the levels of this mineral were suboptimal in the control diet. TH levels were also higher in larvae fed Se‐enriched live feed, suggesting that Se may have a positive influence on the TH production in early life stages of marine fish larvae.     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—USE OF RADIOGRAPHY,COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY,AND ENDOSCOPY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ESOPHAGEAL PERFORATION BY AN EXTRA‐LUMINAL TRACHEAL RING PROSTHESIS IN A GOLDEN RETRIEVER

A 6‐year‐old neutered male, Golden retriever presented with regurgitation and excitement‐induced coughing. Two years prior, extra‐thoracic tracheal collapse was diagnosed and extra‐luminal tracheal ring prostheses were placed. Radiographs at presentation showed mineralized and undulant cervical tracheal cartilages. A dorsally broad‐based soft tissue opacity bulged into the caudal cervical tracheal lumen. Esophageal dysmotility and barium accumulation were identified at this level on contrast esophography. Computed tomography showed migration of a prosthetic tracheal ring, resulting in perforation of the esophagus. Hair, foreign material, and dynamic tracheal narrowing were identified on esophagoscopy and tracheoscopy, respectively. Esophagostomy and foreign body removal were performed.     

不同工艺参数下苜蓿草粉环模制粒机流场的模拟与验证

环模制粒成型技术以其高效率、高成型率、强适应性等优点广泛应用于生物质能源和饲料产业等领域。该文以苜蓿草粉为原料,应用POLYFLOW软件对环模制粒机挤压区流场进行数值模拟,研究了喂料量、环模转速和物料含水率的变化对流场压力、速度、剪切速率和黏度分布特性的影响规律,并以试验验证,旨在为生产工艺的有效控制提供参考依据。结果表明:在结构参数等条件一定的情况下,增大喂料量,流场压力升高,挤压成型区域扩大,且物料以较快的速度作层流运动,流场剪切速率降低,黏度增大,出模压力和成型密度较大;减小环模转速,流场压力和挤压成型区增大,流动速度减小,剪切速率降低,黏度较大,但出模压力和成型密度降低;物料含水率降低使流场压力、黏度、出模压力和成型密度增加。通过比较得出:当喂料量为6 t/h、环模线速度为6.5 m/s和物料含水率为15%时所形成的流场有利于苜蓿草粉的制粒成型。     

氯盐和碳化双重腐蚀对钢筋混凝土强度的影响

运用多试件重复测量设计的方差分析方法,并对原始数据分析采用Bonferroni法进行两两比较,测试碳化和氯盐双重腐蚀的试件强度,分析不同氯离子量和水灰比对不同龄期碳化后钢筋混凝土抗折强度和抗压强度的影响。结果表明:水灰比对混凝土试件强度影响显著;随着水灰比的增大,氯盐对混凝土试件的强度有一定的促进作用。     

Effect of Soil Sample Size on Saturated Soil Hydraulic Conductivity

Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_sat) is regarded as a key soil physical variable to determine soil infiltration rate, percolation depth and other hydrological processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the best soil sampling’s ring size for measuring K_sat. For this purpose, 25 rings with five different diameters (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 inch) and with the same depth of 20 cm (five replicates) were hammered in close vicinity to each other into the ground of undisturbed loess deposits of a small farm to measure K_sat and bulk density. Hydraulic conductivity was measured at three constant loads of 22, 27 and 32 cm. The results showed that the ring with the internal diameter of 6 inches had the minimum variation coefficient and maximum K_sat for all the three hydraulic heads. In addition, the bulk density of this ring size was less than the other rings.     

结构参数对增压器浮环轴承润滑特性和环速比的影响

基于以往对增压器的浮环轴承润滑分析中大都忽略浮环的环速比影响,或将润滑性能和环速比独立分析。该文采用数值分析方法研究了增压器浮环轴承的润滑特性和环速比,分析中考虑了转轴、浮环、轴承座之间的传热因素,基于Reynolds方程和浮环平衡方程,建立了浮环轴承润滑模型,对比分析了浮环内、外层间隙,内、外圆半径4个结构参数对浮环轴承润滑特性和环速比的影响。结果表明,实际设计浮环时,需综合考虑结构参数对浮环润滑特性和环速比的影响及影响程度;浮环内层间隙增加,环速比降低,与内层间隙0.02 mm时相比,转速60 000 r/min时,内层间隙0.04 mm时的环速比减幅达23%,内层间隙增加,内、外膜温度减小,摩擦功耗略有增加,内层间隙0.03 mm时,浮环具有较理想的润滑性能和环速比;外层间隙0.06 mm的环速比均比外层间隙0.04 mm的环速比增加30%以上,外层间隙增加,外膜温度减小,且转速越高,外膜温度减幅越大;浮环内圆半径越小,环速比越小,内、外膜温度和摩擦功耗越小,浮环润滑性能越好;浮环外圆半径增加,环速比降低,但内膜温度、外膜温度、总摩擦功耗和总端泄流量变化幅度均在5%以内,外圆半径对浮环润滑性能影响不显著;浮环实际设计时,调整内圆半径比调整外圆半径对改善浮环润滑性能更有效。     

基于动态阈值的树木年轮图像分割方法研究

根据树木年轮图像的特点,提出了一种基于直方图变化特征的椭圆分块和最大类间方差法的树木年轮图像自适应分割方法。并运用该方法对落叶松的年轮图像进行分割,结果表明,该方法对树木年轮图像的分割效果非常理想。     

Design and experimental validation of a novel double ring plate gear reducer

A novel double ring plate gear reducer (DRPGR) is designed and its experimental validation is conducted. By using the closed graph method, the modification coefficients of internal gearing in DRPGR are determined. Based on this, the overall structure of the reducer is designed and its kinematics simulation is achieved. With APDL programming language of ANSYS, a 3D finite element (FE) model of DRPGR is established, and its modal analysis and loaded tooth contact analysis (LTCA) are conducted respectively. The modal analysis reveals that the lower natural frequencies of DRPGR are much higher than the input frequency and the lower modes can be classified as vertical and horizontal bending of input and output shafts. The LTCA indicates that three pairs of gear teeth contact simultaneously at rated output torque. Due to the multi teeth contacts, the maximum stress is much lower than the permissible stress of internal gearings. The experimental tests of the prototype validate that DRPGR is adapted to both single driven and dual driven work condition. When single droved, DRPGR can eliminate the kinematic uncertainty by non 180 degree phase difference design. DRPGR claims a better dynamic performance in dual driven work condition. The efficiency of DRPGR increases with the increment of output torque and the reducer has an excellent short term overloaded capacity. The experimental results validate that the proposed method can be used to guide the design of that kind of reducer.     

环线公路建设对梵净山自然保护区生物多样性的影响评价

梵净山国家级自然保护区环线公路建设对生物多样性影响评价的内容及方法参照国家林业局推荐的云南省《自然保护区生物多样性影响评价技术规范(试行)》进行.评价内容包括对景观(生态系统)的影响、对生物群落(栖息地)的影响、对种群(物种)的影响、对主要保护对象的影响、对生物安全的影响、对相关利益群体的影响.评价结果,公路建设对保护区生物多样性影响指数(B I)为22.48,表明影响程度较小.针对减少公路建设带来的生态破坏提出了一些对策和建议.     

Clinical evaluation of the anaesthetic sparing effect of brachial plexus block in cats

ObjectiveTo evaluate the isoflurane sparing effect and the post-surgical analgesia provided by a brachial plexus block (BPB) in cats undergoing distal thoracic limb surgery.Study designProspective randomized blinded clinical study.AnimalsTwenty client-owned cats.MethodsCats were assigned to receive either no BPB (group NB) or a nerve stimulator guided BPB (group BPB) using lidocaine (3.6 mg kg^?1) and bupivacaine (1.2 mg kg^?1). Pre-medication consisted of midazolam and ketamine intravenously (IV). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol IV to effect and maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen and a continuous rate infusion of fentanyl (2 μg kg^?1 hour^?1). End-tidal isoflurane concentration (Fe′ISO) was adjusted every 3 minutes guided by changes in cardiorespiratory parameters and reflexes present, to maintain a stable depth of anaesthesia. Five time points were chosen to record all parameters and compare values between groups. Recovery and post-operative pain assessment were performed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 15 and 45 minutes after extubation and thereafter at hourly intervals until 5 hours after placement of the BPB.ResultsNo clinically significant differences were seen for heart rate, respiratory rate and non-invasive blood pressure between groups. Mean Fe′ISO was significantly lower in group BPB compared with group NB at all time points. In group NB, all intraoperative measurements of Fe′ISO were significantly higher compared with baseline (3 minutes before start of surgery) measurements. During recovery, VAS scores for group BPB were significantly lower than for group NB. Additional analgesics were needed in all cats within the study period.Conclusion and Clinical relevanceIn cats undergoing orthopaedic surgery of the thoracic limb, BPB reduced intra-operative isoflurane requirement and pain during the early post-operative period when compared with procedures without a BPB. BPB is a useful adjunct to anaesthesia in such cases.