Pelargonium flower-break and pelargonium line pattern viruses in the Netherlands; purification,antiserum preparation,serological identification,and detection in pelargonium by ELISA

Two viruses, detected frequently in the Netherlands in pelargonium, were identified by serology and test plant reactions. Antisera were prepared and an ELISA procedure was developed to detect the viruses in pelargonium.One of the viruses, PFBV-N, proved to be pelargonium flower-break virus. With the antiserum to PFBV-N, it could be detected reliably throughout the year inPelargonium zonale Springtime Irene.The other virus, PLPV-N, was serologically closely related to pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV) and to pelargonium ring pattern virus (PRPV), as were an old virus isolate from Saturnus, collected in the Netherlands in 1971 (L128), and PLPV isolates from Yugoslavia (PLPV-Y) and Denmark (PLPV-D). There were only minor differences in host-plant reactions between the virus isolates. Based on these tests, PLPV and PRPV are considered as isolates of the same virus, for which, for practical reasons, the name pelargonium line pattern virus is proposed.PLPV could be reliably detected by ELISA inP. zonale Springtime Irene and Amanda throughout the year with only a few exceptions. InPelargonium peltatum Tavira, however, reslts were erratic due to uneven distribution of virus in the plant. Best results were obtained when petioles of fully expanded leaves were tested.     

水牛红细胞上C_(3b)受体的初步研究

本研究通过对31例水牛血液的检测,发现水牛的红细胞上除具有粘附作用,形成免疫复合物花环外,还具有C_(3b)受体,形成红细胞,C_(3b)受体花环,从而证实,水牛的红细胞不仅具有携氧、运输气体和调节体内酸碱平衡的功能,而且还具有重要的免疫功能。     

一例大食蚁兽贫血的诊治及分析

2017年天津市动物园首次引进大食蚁兽(Myrmecophaga tridactyla),雌、雄各1只,并于2018年7月16日产下1只雌性幼仔。在哺乳期间,雌兽面部出现丘疹状水泡,嗜睡,活动时快速徘徊,显现烦躁状态,四肢明显无力,食欲不佳,易呕吐,反复出血性肠炎。2019年9月,雌兽食量降至健康时的1/3,体重降至35 kg,减少15 kg。血生化检查显示,血氨与治疗后对比异常升高,丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高,红细胞、血红蛋白、血细胞比容偏低。血涂片瑞氏染色可见薄型红血球、卡波德环状小体和偏心红血球。根据实验室检查结果,初步诊断为营养性巨幼细胞贫血合并缺铁性贫血。治疗原则为保肝护肝,补充叶酸、维生素B₁₂和多种矿物质,降低饲料动物性蛋白质含量,调理胃肠道菌群。经过为期1年的治疗调理,该食蚁兽食欲、活动良好,体重增加至45 kg,各项指标趋于正常。     

基于Delaunay三角网的GNSS控制网闭合环自动搜索算法研究及应用

计算GNSS控制网的同步环和异步环的闭合差是衡量GNSS控制网测量精度的重要依据,然而某些商业GNSS软件不能完全搜索所有闭合环.在建立Delaunay三角网基础上,提出了一种新的GNSS控制网闭合环自动搜索算法,并根据此算法采用C#语言编写软件.结果表明,该算法实现了GNSS控制网所有闭合环的闭合差快速计算和检核,提高了GNSS控制网测量精度,丰富了农业生产实践作业效率.     

Growth loss of Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani) stands as related to periodic outbreaks of the cedar shoot moth (Dichelia cedricola)

An outbreak ofDichelia cedricola (Diakonoff) (Lep.: Tortricidae), the cedar shoot moth (CSM), began in spring 1998 and lasted 3 years. This was the first monitored outbreak of the CSM in Isparta, Turkey. Tree crowns recovered to near normal condition by the middle of each growing season (in early June) during the outbreak. Tree volume and volume element increments were examined throughout the outbreak cycle from 1954 to 2001. In the past, CSM activity in stands of Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) was assessed through radial increment analyses. Cedar tree ring chronologies were analyzed for evidence of the CSM. Tree-ring chronologies from nonhost cedar (nondefoliated sample trees) were used to estimate potential growth in the host cedar (defoliated sample trees) during current and past outbreaks; all trees selected were the same subspecies and varieties. Regional outbreaks of the CSM were identified by synchronous and sustained growth periods of the trees. In 2001, increment cores were collected from 17 host and 16 nonhost dominant or codominant trees and annual radial growth indices from 1954–2001 were calculated for each of two host and two nonhost sample plots. Growth functions were defined as the cumulative sum of radial, height, and volume increment, and were graphically compared between CSM host cedar and nonhost cedar trees. Tree ring evidence suggests that a large-scale outbreak occurred in 1955 (from 1955 to 1966) and a small outbreak occurred in 1985 (1985–1990) and in 1998 (1998-continued) in the study area. The average diameter growth reductions around 1955, 1985 and 1998 were 40%, 46% and 7% of potential, respectively. It was concluded that a narrow latewood band is significant indicator of defoliation by the CSM and the outbreaks appear to be associated with dry winter and spring weather prior to the autumn and winter in which wood feeding occurred. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 24, 2004.     

环切对糯米糍荔枝果实大小和裂果的影响

结果母枝和主枝环切处理导致糯米糍荔枝的果实大小显著减小,裂果率显著增加,环切圈以上叶片中可溶性糖和淀粉的含量显著增加,结果母枝中的可溶性糖含量增加,果实中的总糖与蔗糖含量则显著地降低。据此认为,近几年来,糯米糍的果个比20世纪80年代明显减小,裂果增加,很可能与生产中多年连续施行主枝环切(或环剥)技术有关,而碳水化合物运入果实量的减少可能是环切导致果实变小的原因之一。     

鸡RNF165蛋白多克隆抗体制备及其生物信息学分析

【目的】制备鸡环指蛋白165(RNF165)多克隆抗体并对RNF165蛋白进行生物信息学分析,以期为研究鸡RNF165的生物学功能提供参考。【方法】以鸡胚成纤维细胞(DF-1)为试验材料,提取总RNA,反转录获得cDNA,通过PCR扩增RNF165基因,将其连接至pET-28a(+)质粒构建重组表达质粒pET-28a-RNF165。将测序正确的重组表达质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞进行诱导表达,将表达的融合蛋白纯化后按照制定的免疫程序免疫7周龄BALB/c雌鼠。第3次免疫7 d后,分离小鼠血清,用Western blotting检测鼠抗RNF165蛋白多克隆抗体的特异性,间接ELISA法测定其效价。使用在线生物信息学软件对RNF165蛋白理化性质、信号肽、磷酸化位点、亚细胞定位、跨膜结构、二级结构和保守结构域进行分析。【结果】成功扩增得到大小为1 068 bp的RNF165基因。成功构建原核表达载体pET-28a-RNF165,并诱导表达出约43 ku的RNF165蛋白。Western blotting结果显示,制备的鼠抗RNF165蛋白多克隆抗体能特异性识别DF-1细胞中过表达的...     

基于改进YOLOv4模型的茶叶病害识别

【目的】提出了一种改进的YOLOv4模型,为自然环境下3种常见茶叶病害（茶白星病、茶云纹叶枯病和茶轮斑病）的快速精准识别提供支持。【方法】使用MobileNetv2和深度可分离卷积来降低YOLOv4模型的参数量,并引入卷积注意力模块对YOLOv4模型进行识别精度改进。采用平均精度、平均精度均值、图像检测速度和模型大小作为模型性能评价指标,在相同的茶叶病害数据集和试验平台中,对改进YOLOv4模型与原始YOLOv4模型、其他目标检测模型（YOLOv3、SSD和Faster R CNN）的病害识别效果进行对比试验。【结果】与原始YOLOv4模型相比,改进YOLOv4模型的大小减少了83.2%,对茶白星病、茶云纹叶枯病和茶轮斑病识别的平均精度分别提高了6.2%,1.7%和1.6%,平均精度均值达到93.85%,图像检测速度为26.6帧/s。与YOLOv3、SSD和Faster R-CNN模型相比,改进YOLOv4模型的平均精度均值分别提高了6.0%,13.7%和3.4%,图像检测速度分别提高了5.5,7.3和11.7帧/s。【结论】对YOLOv4模型所使用的改进方法具备有效性,所提出的改进YOLOv4模型可以实现对自然环境下3种常见茶叶病害的快速精准识别。     

南带产区杉木正常木与被压木的比较解剖研究

为了解杉木正常木与被压木木材解剖上的差异,采用宏观、微观的方法,以广西国营高峰林场12～13年生的杉木木材为试验材料,于2001～2003年研究了南带产区杉木正常木与被压木木材解剖特征.结果表明,正常木与被压木的生长轮宽度径向变异规律相似,均为随着树龄的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,纵向变异规律相似,均随着树高的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势.正常木的年轮宽度大于被压木.正常木与被压木的晚材率径向变异规律相似,均随着树龄的增加而基本保持不变,纵向变异规律相似,均为随着树高的增加而基本保持不变.正常木与被压木管胞长度