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31.
Olga E. Scholten Lee W. Panella Theo S.M. De Bock Wouter Lange 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(2):161-166
Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a serious plant pathogenic fungus, causing various types of damage to sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). In Europe, the disease is spreading and becoming a threat for the growing of this crop. Plant resistance seems to be the most practical and economical way to control the disease. Experiments were carried out to optimise a greenhouse procedure to screen plants of sugar beet for resistance to R. solani. In the first experiment, two susceptible accessions were evaluated for root and leaf symptoms, after being grown in seven different soil mixtures and inoculated with R. solani. The fungus infected all plants. It was concluded that leaf symptoms were not reliable for the rating of disease severity. Statistically significant differences between the soil mixtures were observed, and there were no significant differences between the two accessions. The two soil mixtures, showing the most severe disease symptoms, were selected for a second experiment, including both resistant and susceptible accessions. As in the first experiment, root symptoms were recorded using a 1–7 scale, and a significant expression of resistance was observed. The average severity of the disease in the greenhouse experiment generally was comparable with the infection in field experiments, and the ranking of the accessions was the same in the two types of experiments. It was concluded that evaluation procedures in the greenhouse could be used as a rapid assay to screen sugar beet plants for resistance to R. solani. 相似文献
32.
H. G. Smith I. Barker G. Brewer M. Stevens P. B. Hallsworth 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(2):163-169
A sugar-beet-infecting isolate of beet mild yellowing luteovirus (BMYV), and aBrassica-infecting isolate of beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) were used to produce monoclonal antibodies for epidemiological studies with BMYV and related field strains. Thirty-four monoclonal antibodies were tested for their reaction with 9 luteoviruses in triple-antibody-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. One (MAFF 24) is now routinely used in the UK for detecting BMYV and BWYV in plants and aphids, although it does not discriminate between them. Heterologous reactions were detected between some of the monoclonal antibodies and potato leafroll virus (PLRV), bean leafroll virus (BLRV) and barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-RPV). 38% of antibodies raised to BWYV reacted with PLRV compared with 4% of those raised to BMYV. Monoclonal antibodies were produced which distinguished a sugar-beet-infecting isolate of BMYV with differing host range and serological properties from the commonly-occurring field strain. 相似文献
33.
采用蒽酮-硫酸比色法测定玉米中的可利用糖含量以确定试验测定的最佳条件,并以此条件为对照测定天然鸽乳中可利用糖含量.玉米及天然鸽乳可利用糖溶液经乙醚去脂,高峰氏糖化酶水解,乙醇提取,饱和乙酸铅脱色后制得.结果表明,葡萄糖标准溶液的测定量在0.1~0.6 mg/mL的浓度范围内有良好的线性关系,其回归方程为y=1.6771x 0.0737,相关系数R=0.9987.测定不同的天然鸽乳样品,试验精密度高,重复性好,其可利用糖含量,0~3日龄天然鸽乳为7.45%~7.64%,4~6日龄天然鸽乳为32.08~60.28 %. 相似文献
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35.
对大豆种子质量降低的原因进行了分析,认为品种混杂和丧失生活力是大豆种子质量降低的主要原因。提出了防止品种混杂、收获适时、严格种子检验、加强种子贮藏管理是预防大豆种子质量降低的主要措施。 相似文献
36.
The responses of four wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to soil moisture were determined by measuring plant parameters such as relative leaf water content (RLWC) and the chlorophyll, proline and sugar contents of the leaf over two seasons. Two levels of irrigation treatments were adopted: irrigated and rainfed. The rainfed plants had consistently higher amounts of proline and sugar but lower RLWC and chlorophyll content. As drought intensified, differences between the irrigated and the rainfed plants with respect to all of these characters increased. The RLWC values of the irrigated plants were significantly higher in the morning but lower values were found at noon, showing some recovery in the afternoon. 相似文献
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38.
选用22d断奶SD大鼠高频饮用牛奶或葡萄糖40d,分别记录各组动物的阴道开张时间和阴道黏液、每周日增重、卵巢及子宫所占体重百分比、血糖水平,收集卵巢进行组织学处理以观察卵泡发育情况,探讨高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖对雌性大鼠初情期的影响.结果显示,奶组和糖组大鼠较对照组阴道开张时间来得早,预示初情期可能提前,而且,奶组和糖组大鼠的卵巢占体重百分比较对照组高(P<0.05).牛奶组血糖水平比对照组高,但糖组与对照组血糖水平差异不显著.通过对卵巢进行石蜡切片、HE染色及卵泡计数,结果显示:奶组的闭锁卵泡、每张切片卵泡总平均数都比对照组多(P<0.05),而葡萄糖组的黄体数比对照组少(P<0.05).试验表明高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖可对性成熟前雌性大鼠的生殖机能产生一定影响. 相似文献
39.
[目的]本试验旨在探究巴氏灭活的阿克曼菌(Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila,P-Akk)调控鲤(Cyprinus carpio L.)糖代谢的分子机制。[方法]本研究通过不同糖水平(20%、30%、40%、50%葡萄糖)试验,探究鲤(10.5±1 g)4周和8周时胰高血糖素样肽-1(glucagon-like peptide-1,GLP-1)分泌及阿克曼菌(Akkermansia muciniphila,Akk)定植的时空变化;在不同糖水平试验基础上,设置40%葡萄糖和三个不同浓度P-Akk(108 cfu/g P-Akk、109 cfu/g P-Akk、1010 cfu/g P-Akk)组,探究添加P-Akk 4周后对鲤(16.38±0.39 g)糖代谢及GLP-1的调控;通过P-Akk孵育鲤原代肝、肠细胞试验,共同探究不同糖水平下鲤肠道Akk、GLP-1对糖代谢的调控机制。[结果]结果显示:(1)随着饲料中葡萄糖含量的升高,鲤血清中GLP-1b含量显著降低(P < 0.05),4周时高糖组鲤肠道GLP-1a、GLP-1b以及肠道内容物中Akk丰度均显著降低(P < 0.05),但8周时无显著性差异(P > 0.05)。(2)P-Akk处理后,鲤血清中葡萄糖、GLP-1含量显著减少(P < 0.05);中肠绒毛高度、肌层厚度显著增加,GLP-1含量减少,短链脂肪酸含量增加,muc2 mRNA表达水平升高(P < 0.05);此外,P-Akk上调肝脏中ampk、pi3k、akt及糖酵解基因gk、pfk mRNA表达量,下调糖异生基因pepck mRNA表达量(P < 0.05)。(3)原代肝、肠细胞孵育结果显示,P-Akk处理肠细胞后GLP-1含量显著减少(P < 0.05),而gpr40的mRNA表达量升高;此外肝细胞中糖酵解基因gk、pfk mRNA表达量显著升高。[结论]综上,外源添加P-Akk可以缓解高糖饲料引起的血糖升高,维持葡萄糖稳态。[意义]该研究结果可为Akk作为益生菌在水产饲料中的应用提供理论基础。 相似文献
40.
研究了半纤维素酶E-An-76作为漂白助剂对桦木硫酸盐浆及麦草烧碱蒽醌浆CEH三段漂的影响。结果表明:桦木KP浆用E-An-76预处理后再经CEH三段漂,其白度明显高于相同用氯量下未用酶预处理的漂白浆。另一方面在保持白度不变的情况下酶处理浆的漂白可节省近50%的用氯量。麦草Soda-AQ浆经E-An-76预处理后再经CEH三段漂与酶未处理浆的CEH三段漂比较亦可明显提高白度,但得率下降严重。通过对桦木KP浆酶解液中还原糖以及单糖组成分析,发现浆中再沉积或回吸的木聚糖在E-An-76助剂漂白中起着重要作用。 相似文献