鉴定猪产毒素大肠杆菌多重PCR方法的建立

根据GenBank数据库的基因序列建立了一种快速鉴定仔猪产毒素致病性大肠杆菌 3种常见毒素LTⅠ、STa和VT2e的多重PCR方法。将待检样本接种麦康凯琼脂平板 ,然后挑取单一的红色菌落直接作模板 ,加入预混好的PCR反应液进行PCR即可对产生这 3种毒素的猪大肠杆菌进行鉴定。 3种毒素基因的PCR产物的大小分别是 2 83bp、2 2 1bp和 4 87bp。     

维生素E提高牛孤雌胚胎的体外发育研究

体外生产的牛孤雌胚胎用添加了VE，VE＋VC的CR1aa培养液，置38．5℃、5％CO2，饱和湿度的培养箱中进行培养。通过荧光染料Hoechst 33342对胚泡进行荧光染色，检测孵化囊胚的总细胞数。结果表明，当培养基中添加100μmol／LVE时，与对照组相比，扩张囊胚发育率和胚泡的细胞总数显著提高（P〈0．01）；当VE与VC联用时，发育到早期囊胚、扩张囊胚、孵化囊胚的数量和胚泡的总细胞数均低于单独使用VE的培养组。     

猪瘟流行毒E2基因部分编码序列的分析与比较

利用PCT-PCR方法获得16个猪瘟流行毒株、5株弱毒疫苗株和外来的4株猪瘟E2基因部分编码序列的扩增片断，并对其进行测序，获得659bp含E2基因N段A、B、C、D四区域的编码序列。利用DNAstar软件对其中616bp的片段进行序列分析，并与Genebank中的Alfort、Brescia、HCLV、Shimen等毒株进行比较．结果20株病毒所测序列均为猪瘟E2基因序列，所有毒株碱基替换随机分布于整个序列．部分毒株出现碱基缺失现象。序列分析结果表明近期流行的毒株不仅与50年代流行的Shimen株、现用的疫苗株距离较远，而且流行毒株呈不同亚群方向演变。本研究所测的20株流行株E2基因N端6个与C端的2个半胱氨酸(Cys)均未发生变异．但其他位点的核甘酸变异与缺失．引起各区的抗原表位呈现不同程度的变异。     

饲料添加中草药抗毒害艾美耳球虫效果观察

选择90只1日龄蛋用公雏,随机分为6组:马杜毒素拌料组(Ⅰ组,添加量5 mg/kg饲料),克球粉拌料组(Ⅱ组,添加量125 mg/kg饲料),中草药处方①组(Ⅲ组,添加量10 000 mg/kg饲料),中草药处方②组(Ⅳ组,添加量10 000 mg/kg饲料),感染不给药组(V组),不感染不给药组(Ⅵ组).于无球虫条件下进行饲养,从1日龄起饲喂混有药物的饲料,除Ⅵ组外,其他各组在18日龄接种1×105个毒害艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊,根据各组存活率、相对增重率、病变记分、血便记分和抗球虫指数观察药物的疗效,结果表明:Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组有低效抗球虫作用,Ⅲ组有中效抗球虫作用.     

The effects of organophosphate insecticide diazinon on malondialdehyde levels and myocardial cells in rat heart tissue and protective role of vitamin E

Diazinon is an organophosphate insecticide has been used in agriculture and domestic for several years. Vitamin E (200 mg/kg, twice a week), diazinon (10 mg/kg, per day), and vitamin E (200 mg/kg, twice a week)+diazinon (10 mg/kg, per day) combination was given to rats orally via gavage for 7 weeks. Body and heart weights, malondialdehyde (MDA) level in heart tissue and ultrastructural changes in myocardial cells were investigated at the end of the 1st, 4th, and 7th weeks comparatively with control group. When diazinon-treated group was compared to control group body and heart weights were decreased significantly at the end of the 4th and 7th weeks. It was observed that, at the end of 1st, 4th, and 7th weeks there was a statistically significant increase in MDA levels when diazinon- and vitamin E +diazinon-treated groups were compared to control group. While at the end of the 1st week statistically significant changes were not being observed, at the end of 4th and 7th weeks statistically significant decrease was detected in MDA levels when vitamin E+diazinon-treated group was compared to diazinon-treated group. In our electron microscopic investigations, while vacuolization and swelling of mitochondria myocardial cells of diazinon-treated rats were being observed, swelling of several mitochondria were observed in vitamin E+diazinon-treated rats. We conclude that vitamin E reduces diazinon cardiotoxicity, but vitamin E does not protect completely.     

A Retrospective Study of Hyposensitization in Canine Atopy Based on a Polyclonal ELISA test

Compliance with the treatment protocol and the most significant reasons encountered in general practice for the discontinuation of treatment in hyposensitized dogs are examined. The data are based on (1) a review of order forms for the hyposenzitization mixture and information sheets for an ELISA test and (2) telephone interviews with dog owners. Most of the owners (81%) gave their dogs allergen injections at home. Non-compliance was defined as discontinuation of treatment in the induction period; 33.9% of the owners became non-compliant. A large proportion of non-compliant owners (51.2%) claimed to be unaware of the length of the induction period. Furthermore, 70.2% of the owners were not aware that treatment would most likely need to be lifelong if it was to remain effective. Although 67.5% of the owners perceived that their dogs had beneficial effects from hyposensitization, only 36.3% of the dogs were receiving maintenance injections at the time of the telephone interview, considerably reducing the long-term benefit from treatment. Canine atopy is a chronic disease characterized by remission and relapses. Since no control group was available in this study, the beneficial outcome of treatment reported by the owners could be partly due to the natural course of the disease. Nevertheless, the results indicated that the long-term effect of hyposensitization in canine atopy will be reduced by premature discontinuation of treatment in the maintenance period. The discontinuation of treatment could be a reflection of the treatment becoming less effective, owing to the development of new hypersensitivities or to a reduction in the placebo effect that may occur in `new' treatments. However, poor client education and follow-up seem to be important reasons for both non-compliance and discontinuation of the treatment in the maintenance period.     

硒,维生素E对鸡体脂质过氧化的影响

２１日龄健康肉鸡８０只,随机分为４组（每组２０只）,分别在基础饲料中添加维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）＋硒（Ｓｅ）、ＶＥ、Ｓｅ和不添加任何物质。ＶＥ添加量为１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ,Ｓｅ添加量为０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。试验期为５周。试验结束,立即采取血液、肝脏、胸肌、腿肌样品,分别于２ｈ内和冷藏（２℃）４８ｈ后检测其谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活性以及丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量。结果表明,添加ＶＥ和／或Ｓｅ的３个试验组肉鸡的ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ、ＳＯＤ活性均显著高于对照组,ＭＤＡ含量显著低于对照组,提示饲料中添加ＶＥ和／或Ｓｅ,均可增强鸡体的抗氧化效果。ＶＥ和Ｓｅ联用显示明显的协同效应。     

维生素E、K对动物基因表达的影响

本文在介绍维生素E和维生素K营养生理功能的基础上,综述了维生素E和维生素K对相关基因表达的调控及其主要机制。     

Polymorphisms in IL-4 and IL-4R genes in children with allergic asthma

AIM: To determine whether interleukin 4 and interleukin 4 receptor α chain are associated with allergic asthma in children and to study the impact of such polymorphism upon plasma IgE.METHODS: Two polymorphism sites of IL-4 and IL-4R were studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).RESULTS: (1)The results showed that the IL-4 promoter -589 was not associated with children allergic asthma, however, the IL-4R α chain 576RR genotype and R allele were significantly increased in the subjects with asthma in children compared with age-matched control subjects (χ2=11.84, P＜0.01; χ2=13.03, P＜0.01). The IL-4R α chain 576RR genotype was associated with higher plasma IgE. CONCLUSION: These date suggest that the IL-4R α chain R576 is a risk factor of allergic asthma in children in Chinese, and is also related with higher plasma IgE level.