低磷土壤下玉米苗期叶龄的混合遗传分析

运用主基因—多基因模型分离分析法对低磷土壤条件下玉米082×掖107组合的苗期叶龄的P1、P2、F1、F2和F2∶3五世代联合遗传分析,结果表明:玉米苗期叶龄遗传符合一对加性—显性主基因 加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型(D-1)。玉米苗期叶龄是由一对加性—显性主基因控制的遗传,主基因遗传率为46.4%,但是微效多基因的遗传力也较大,多基因控制的玉米叶龄遗传力为33.3%,环境对玉米叶龄遗传力为20.3%。     

竹集成材家具典型角接合强度的测试与比较

对竹集成材家具典型角接合强度测试与比较结果表明：直角榫接合抗拔力大于圆榫接合,偏心连接件接合抗拔力与螺母倒刺扎入板材中深度有较大关系,因竹材本身硬度很大,尼龙螺母嵌入板较难,抗拔力也小;一般地,榫接合的胶合面积越大,抗拔力越大,破坏弯矩也越大。     

MRI FEATURES OF METACARPO(TARSO)PHALANGEAL REGION LAMENESS IN 40 HORSES

Lameness originating from the metacarpo(tarso)phalangeal (MP) joint has a significant effect on the use and athletic competitiveness of a horse. The identification of the cause of lameness originating from the MP joint can be challenging, given the limitations of radiography, ultrasonography, and nuclear scintigraphy. Our purpose was to describe the injury types and incidence in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies from 40 horses with lameness attributable to the MP joint region where it was not possible to reach a clinically plausible diagnosis using other imaging modalities. Horses were examined in a 1.5 T magnet (Siemens Medical Solutions) under general anesthesia. The frequency of occurrence of MR lesions was subchondral bone injury (19), straight or oblique distal sesamoidean desmitis (13), articular cartilage injury and osteoarthritis (eight), suspensory branch desmitis (seven), osteochondral fragmentation (seven), proximal sesamoid bone injury (seven), intersesamoidean desmitis (four), deep digital flexor tendonitis (four), collateral desmitis (three), superficial digital flexor tendonitis (two), enostosis‐like lesions of the proximal phalanx or MCIII (two), desmitis of the palmar annular ligament (one), desmitis of the proximal digital annular ligament (one), and dystrophic calcification of the lateral digital extensor tendon (one). Twenty‐five horses had multiple MR abnormalities. MRI provided information that was complementary to radiography, ultrasonography, and nuclear scintigraphy and that allowed for a comprehensive evaluation of all structures in the MP joint region and a diagnosis in all 40 horses.     

离散随机变量序列完备及非完备样本最大值的联合分布

设离散随机变量三角阵列{Xn,k,k≤n,n≥1}存在数据缺失,对给定的n,Mn=max{Xn,k,k≤n}为第n行的最大值,M～n为该行观测到的随机变量的最大值,研究了离散型随机变量的分布函数某一参数变动时(M～n,Mn)的联合渐近分布.     

Analysis of ultimate load and mechanismsof failure in large cast steel joints

Based on a project of pipe truss roof framing in Chengdu, the ultimate limit state analysis is performed on cast steel joints by using FEM, in which Linear hardening elastic-plastic constitutive model is considered. The results show that, the joint has a great accumulation of plastic strain in ultimate loads, and the point of maximum stress is different from that in elastic with the development of the yielding zone. The paper propoes to use rate-type tensor for the large strain geometric nonlinear problem, shows the criterion of failure formation , and indicates that its essential to apply limit state analysis to the determination of the weakest location on cast steel joint design, which provides basis for understanding the failure modes and failure mechanism of cast steel joint and the cast steel joint design.     

立体坡面农业四足移动平台姿态控制策略与试验

针对农业四足移动平台在田间行走时的姿态稳定性、负载平稳性差等问题,提出一种立体坡面姿态控制向量策略,在建立四足移动平台运动学模型基础上,通过对一维俯仰、二维横滚坡面姿态姿态向量变化分析,得出立体坡面机身运动姿态角与各腿关节转角的变换方程,而后运用欧拉动力学方程、SLIP理论及次优支撑三角形内稳定裕度理论对四足移动平台平面Trot与坡面Walk步态进行规划。根据Matlab/Sim Mechanics的坡面姿态仿真试验,对所提出的控制策略进行研究,选择俯仰、横滚姿态变化的限定最小角度;Matlab-Adams虚拟样机仿真试验,验证立体坡面姿态变换方程及其步态规划的可行性,得到四足移动平台在俯仰、横滚均为10°的立体坡面行走时,其俯仰与横滚角变化范围在-2°~2°。通过四足移动平台物理样机进行机身姿态角与关节转角变化关系测试和立体坡面姿态行走试验,试验结果与仿真基本一致,验证立体坡面姿态变换方程及其步态规划的合理性;实现了四足移动平台坡面运动姿态保持水平的目的,提高了立体坡面行走的稳定性;负载平稳性能试验结果表明:该文提出的坡面姿态控制策略,在上、下坡及立体坡面行走时,其负载平稳性与无姿态控制器相比分别提高了15.8%,16.2%和16.0%,增强四足移动平台作为农业移动辅助平台的作业性能,为现代农业移动平台运动姿态控制的设计提供了参考。     

智能柠条收获机平茬农艺参数控制方法研究

【目的】针对柠条智能化收获过程中存在的问题,研究柠条收获机留茬高度和漏割率的控制方法。【方法】根据柠条平茬农艺要求建立智能柠条收获机运动学模型,然后基于自适应模糊控制理论,结合遗传算法优选技术研究轨迹控制方法,并在Matlab/fuzzy平台上设计模糊控制器,对智能柠条收获机转向角度和评价函数收敛性进行仿真分析。依据割台结构及预先作用概念,在Matlab/Simulink和Adams软件中搭建割台控制算法仿真平台,对割台高度跟踪sin函数和矩形波函数的准确性进行分析。【结果】基于自适应模糊控制系统调整后的智能柠条收获机输出转角波动控制在-5°~5°,评价函数快速收敛;采用预先作用的方式进行割台高度控制,割台高度跟踪sin函数和矩形波函数效果良好,超调量较小。仿真结果符合柠条平茬农艺要求,漏割率明显降低,留茬高度控制精确,控制效果得到提高。【结论】智能柠条收获机轨迹及割台控制系统稳定可靠、适应性良好,可以实现柠条智能收获过程中重要农艺参数的自适应控制。     

自学考试与中等职业教育衔接的课程体系研究

课程体系衔接是高等教育自学考试与中等职业教育衔接的落脚点,是深化自学考试教育改革的关键。本文从课程体系建设的角度出发,提出课程体系衔接的基本原则,并以此为基础拟构建现代农业经营管理专业的课程体系框架,为两者新的衔接点的形成奠定基础。     

我国林业有害生物联防联治机制发展现状及对策研究

联防联治机制是一种重要的应急管理组织体系,在林业有害生物防治中发挥着重要作用。通过阐述分析联防联治机制发展概况及存在的主要问题,总结了国内其他领域联防联治机制建设经验,从加强组织领导、加大重点区域支持力度、强化目标管理、完善项目储备制度等4个方面对联防联治提出对策建议,以期为促进联防联治机制健康发展提供参考。