Feline hip joint anatomy in magnetic resonance images

The aim of this study was to develop an anatomical model of the feline hip joint for low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (LF‐MRI) based on high‐field magnetic resonance imaging (HF‐MRI). The study was performed on six adult clinically healthy European shorthair cats, aged 1–3 years, with body weight of 2.8–4.4 kg. The animals were examined with the use of the Vet‐MRI Grande Esaote LF (0.25 T) scanner and high‐field Siemens Magnetom TRIO (3 T) MRI scanner. In the LF‐MRI, most satisfactory results in T1‐weighted images were obtained when TE was 26 ms in all three planes and when TR was 350–950 ms in the transverse plane, 950–1150 ms in the sagittal plane and 520–750 ms in the dorsal plane. In T2‐weighted images, TE was 90 ms in the transverse and dorsal plane and 120 ms in the sagittal plane. The results were presented as images acquired with LF‐MRI scanners in three planes. The slice thickness was 3 mm for each plane. In LF‐MRI, muscles in the hip joint region and round ligament were well visualized. Unlike in LF‐MRI, the cross section of the femoral nerve was identified in HF‐MRI scans. In examinations of the feline hip joint, the main limitations of LF‐MRI were a lack of reliable contrast between articular cartilage and synovial fluid as well as longer scan time. Despite the above, LF‐MRI images were characterized by good contrast between bones and the surrounding soft tissues.     

Transrectal ultrasonographic examination of the sacroiliac joints of the horse: Technique and normal images

Transrectal ultrasonography of the sacroiliac joints is routinely performed for the diagnosis of the cause of low back pain and lack of power in the hindlimbs. As a result of the localisation of these small joints, performing and interpreting ultrasonographic images requires a good anatomical knowledge. This paper describes an ultrasonographic procedure that allows imaging of the ventral aspect of the sacroiliac joints. A complete screening should be done to evaluate the articular margins. Moreover, the shape of sacral and iliac wings can vary among individuals especially depending on the gender.     

Caudal articular process dysplasia of thoracic vertebrae in neurologically normal French bulldogs,English bulldogs,and Pugs: Prevalence and characteristics

The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and anatomical characteristics of thoracic caudal articular process dysplasia in French bulldogs, English bulldogs and Pugs presenting for problems unrelated to spinal disease. In this retrospective cross‐sectional study, computed tomography scans of the thoracic vertebral column of these three breeds were reviewed for the presence and location of caudal articular process hypoplasia and aplasia, and compared between breeds. A total of 271 dogs met the inclusion criteria: 108 French bulldogs, 63 English bulldogs, and 100 Pugs. A total of 70.4% of French bulldogs, 84.1% of English bulldogs, and 97.0% of Pugs showed evidence of caudal articular process dysplasia. Compared to French and English bulldogs, Pugs showed a significantly higher prevalence of caudal articular process aplasia, but also a lower prevalence of caudal articular process hypoplasia, a higher number of affected vertebrae per dog and demonstrated a generalized and bilateral spatial pattern more frequently. Furthermore, Pugs showed a significantly different anatomical distribution of caudal articular process dysplasia along the vertebral column, with a high prevalence of caudal articular process aplasia between T10 and T13. This area was almost completely spared in French and English bulldogs. As previously suggested, caudal articular process dysplasia is a common finding in neurologically normal Pugs but this also seems to apply to French and English bulldogs. The predisposition of clinically relevant caudal articular process dysplasia in Pugs is possibly not only caused by the higher prevalence of caudal articular process dysplasia, but also by breed specific anatomical characteristics.     

Traumatic communication of the extensor carpi radialis tendon sheath and antebrachiocarpal joint in two horses

Two horses were examined due to lacerations at the level of the craniodistal antebrachii. Further evaluation of the lacerations revealed communication with the extensor carpi radialis tendon sheath and potentially the antebrachiocarpal joint. Positive contrast arthrography performed via the palmarolateral pouch of the antebrachiocarpal joint was used to diagnose communication with the extensor carpi radialis tendon sheath. Both the joints and tendon sheaths were treated aggressively with surgical debridement and lavage, followed by post operative medical management and rehabilitation. Both horses made a full recovery and are performing in their intended level of use with acceptable cosmetic results. Traumatic communication with the carpal joints should be considered when evaluating lacerations involving the forelimb extensor tendon sheaths.     

单板纵向斜接工艺的研究

通过对几种常用胶合板树种的单板进行纵向斜接试验。结果表明：单板厚度在１ｍｍ以上的均有纵向接长,板端斜度以３°￣５°为宜,接长单板的接缝在胶合板中的布置方式对成品的物理力学性能无明显的影响;接长单板适合于混凝土模板、结构胶合板和表面需二次加工的普通胶合板生产。接长单板可采用常规胶合板生产工艺进行生产。     

格拉输油管道中段改线实践

对格拉输油管道一段悬空管道进行改线,由于未预先订购特定角度的弯头,给两端新旧管道实现光滑过碰头焊接造成困难。新管道采取清水高压试验密封性、耐压性之后未把水排空,致使冬季管道中存水结冰,将管道胀裂,既降低了新管道的技术性能又造成管道通油试压严重跑油。针对以上不足采取措施,实现管道两端碰头光滑过渡,保证了管道试压成功,使格拉输油管道新旧管道顺利改线。     

膜片式弹性减振联轴节结构参数设计公式

介绍了传动系统中弹性联轴节的减振原理,并根据联轴节的减振刚度条件,推出了膜片式弹性联轴节的结构参数设计公式．     

管道环焊接头断裂评定方法分析

管道是石油和天然气的主要运输工具,春焊接质量对管道的安全可靠性有较大影响。管道环焊接头的断裂评定,对于管道系统的安全动物真有重要意义。介绍了欧美等国家有关管道环焊接头断裂评定方面的理论研究和工程方法的进展,讨论了各种评定方法之间的差异,目的在于为管道焊接施工提供科学依据和理论指导。     

国家间海洋资源共同开发博弈策略分析——以韩中两国为例

文章利用博弈模型分析了国家间海洋资源共同开发联盟的建立及维持问题。指出影响联盟建立的因素：两国合作开发的投资回报率、投入和利益分配比率及两国的利益相关系数;影响联盟稳定的因素：背叛动机方的惩罚金额、隐藏背叛行为的成本、反惩罚成本等。并用实证分析了韩中海洋生物资源、海洋能资源、海洋化学资源、海洋矿产资源、海洋新资源等共同开发现状及其具备的共同开发条件分析。提出了政府政策扶持、转变企业观念,发挥行业协会作用的应对策略。