Bacteria and fungi on roots of different barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Summary We investigated the abundance of bacteria and fungi on roots of different barley varieties grown in soil and in a nutrient solution. Measurements were made on the rhizoplane and, for soil-grown plants, also in the rhizosphere soil. Further, the influence of plant age was investigated. Barley variety, had a significant influence both for plants grown in soil and in the nutrient solution, and the effects were most pronounced on the rhizoplane. There were no significant differences among varieties in fungal hyphal lengths on the roots. Bacterial abundance on the rhizoplane was significantly decreased with increasing plant age. Varietal differences were maintained over different plant ages.     

Soil quality variables in organically and conventionally cultivated field sites

This study aimed to answer the following questions (a) which of the soil variables (chemical, biological, enzyme activities and potential metabolic profile based on the Biolog method) could be used as indicators reflecting differences in soil quality between organically and conventionally managed asparagus fields, (b) how the duration of organic management affects these soil variables and (c) in what extent the soil quality in organic fields is comparable to that in hedgerows. The study included four organically cultivated fields which differed in the time they enter organic treatment: 6 years (O6), 5 years (O5), 3 years (O3) and 2 years (O2), the closest to them hedgerow (Ho), a conventionally managed field (CF) and its adjacent hedgerow (Hc). Among the chemical and biological variables, those contributing for most to the discrimination of the organic and conventional fields were mainly microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) and secondly variables related to N-cycle (NO₃, N organic, rate of N mineralization). MBC and MBN were higher in organic and conventional areas, respectively, reflecting differences in the structure of their microbial communities. The chemical and biological variables did not differ among O3, O5 and O6 fields, while low values of organic N, rate of N mineralization and extractable P was recorded in O2 area. The enzyme activities of amidohydrolases (l-asparaginase,l-glutaminase, urease) and phosphatases (alkaline and acid phosphatase) were by far higher in organic areas than in the conventional one. The activities of amidohydrolases and alkaline phosphatase changed in a similar way, exhibiting higher values in O3 and O5 areas while between the oldest (O6) and the newest (O2) area no differences were recorded. While the suppress of enzyme activities in O2 was related to low inputs due to transition, the negative feedback between supply of N and P and activities in O6 was a possible explanation. The activity of acid phosphatase increased from the newest to oldest organic areas. The potential functional diversity and substrate evenness did not differ among sampling areas. Differences between areas were recorded only in relation to the carbohydrates' consumption. The soil quality of hedgerows seems to be completely different than that of the arable land in terms of all studied variables. Also, significant differences were recorded between the two hedgerows, a fact that could be related to the different management practices applied in the neighboring fields.     

耕作、培肥措施对大豆产量的影响

六年试验结果表明：大豆产量轮作高于连作。在所有处理组合中，耕翻施有机肥效果最佳；在等量化肥情况下，土壤耕作最好的是耕翻，其次为深松，免耕效果最差；培肥措施中，有机肥处理组合平均产量最高，其次是化肥处理，秸杆还田居第三位；以上处理组合均极显著地高于对照处理。     

栽培条件对水稻镉积累的影响研究进展

综述了不同土壤、肥料与水分等生态栽培条件对水稻镉(Cd)积累的影响。认为土壤类型与土壤p H,有机肥与氮磷钾肥、硅肥、钙肥及其他微量元素肥,以及水分管理等均对水稻镉积累具有明显的影响;淹水是通过影响土壤的各种理化性质来影响土壤镉的生物有效性;合适的栽培方式能在保证水稻产量的同时,减少水稻对镉的吸收与积累。并提出了今后相关的研究方向。     

常德市特早熟温州蜜柑品种特性及栽培技术研究

通过多年的引种栽培,常德地区筛选出了大浦5号、大分4号、日南1号3个成熟期特早、品质上乘、综合性状优良、适应性强的新品种。介绍了新品种的特征特性及其对常德地区柑橘产业发展的意义;另外,总结了生草栽培、大棚促早栽培和极致栽培等配套技术以及常德地区推广特早熟温州蜜柑种植以来取得的成效。     

秋马铃薯栽培技术

屏南县自然条件适合秋马铃薯种植,从地块选择、品种选择、整地施肥、催芽播种、田间管理、病虫害防治等方面总结了秋马铃薯高产栽培技术。     

樱桃西红柿大棚高产栽培技术

总结大棚樱桃西红柿高产栽培技术,主要包括品种选择、育苗、田块整理、大棚规格设置、定植、田间管理、病虫害防治、采收等方面内容。     

大棚辣椒栽培技术

总结大棚辣椒栽培技术,主要包括选种育苗、定植、田间管理、病虫害防治等方面内容。     

中浙优10号作烟后稻种植表现及主要栽培技术

引进三系中籼杂交稻中浙优10号在南平市延平区作烟后稻试种,综合性状表现好且高产稳产。针对中浙优10号品种特性和烟后茬的特点提出配套高产栽培技术。     

菜用大豆新品种青酥6号引种表现与栽培技术

菜用大豆青酥6号在引种试验中表现出丰产稳产、品质优良、抗逆性强等特征特性,该文总结了其配套栽培技术。