基于单片机与电话网的远程测控研究

在很多的行业、部门中,都存在着因为现场与能够处理数据的管理机构隔着较远的距离,或者因为现场无人值守而导致取得的第一手数据无法及时的进行上传,但是,又必须要定时的对部分现场数据进行及时的了解和传送,这样的话对现场的情况就能够起到实时监控或者准时监控的目的。这时,各行业部门中就非常需要得到一种能够满足该项要求的单片机数据采集及远程通信系统来提供可靠的技术支持。     

水泵机组状态监测与故障诊断系统研究

从20世纪60年代到21世纪，我国的泵站工程为输水、供水以及防洪减灾提供了有力保障。针对水泵机组的状态监测与故障诊断进行研究，建立水泵机组状态监测与诊断的软件及各分析模块与数据库，进行机组性能的预测研究，为水泵机组的状态维修提供支持。     

植物种群构件的理论概述及研究进展

综述了植物种群构件的理论概况和国内外的研究现状以及对我国种群构件的研究展望.文中指出构件理论的思想依据、形态依据、生理依据和构件理论的五项基本内容.同时,论述了近30余年来,包括植物花构件、叶构件、芽构件、枝构件、茎构件、根构件等在内的植物种群构件研究现状.我国植物种群构件研究要注意构件间的相互作用以及构件与环境间的相互作用;注意与生理生态相结合;研究对象多元化,为开发和保护我国植物资源提供科学依据,将构件研究成果转化为生产力.     

我国水土保持监测制度体系建设现状与任务

建立和健全监测制度,是水土保持监测工作的主要内容和重要保障,对规范水土保持监测行为、实现水土保持监测全过程管理的制度化和科学化具有十分重要的意义。经过20年的努力,已初步建立了由法律法规、规范性文件和技术标准构成的水土保持监测制度体系。其中,法律法规主要包括《中华人民共和国水土保持法》及其实施条例、部门规章和地方性法规等,规范性文件主要包括综合管理、监测网络和信息系统建设与管理、动态监测管理、水土流失灾害事件调查管理、监测数据管理等5类管理制度,技术标准体系中包括已颁布的15项和正在制订与拟编的15项技术规程或规范。     

新城市乡村关系建构与地域圈域化发展选择

对我国城乡关系处理的现状进行了概述,在借鉴日本与韩国地区地域圈域均衡发展的经验的基础上,研究了我国圈域化运作对城乡统筹的影响,即构筑经济循环与物质循环圈域,完善城乡统筹下的地域城市。     

Environmental Change and the Sustainability of European Forests

Summary

It is some years now since forest decline was a major public concern in Europe and was one of the principal environmental issues around which international research programs were focused. A number of internationally coordinated activities were initiated in the 1980s and 1990s and have continued until now; these contributed significantly to our current understanding of forestry and to the way in which forestry policies have developed. In short, the concept of sustainable development has had an increasing influence and is now of immeasurable value in forest policy, with sustainable forest management well established as its guiding principle. This sequence of events is examined here. The extent to which understanding has advanced is remarkable; much has changed. Arguably this period gave the first indication of the extent to which forests and ecosystems globally are threatened by environmental change. On the basis of the last 20 years, it is tempting to conclude that we now have an effective institutional framework and have made excellent progress. However, some of the recorded ecosystem responses seem anomalous; there are surprises in system responses, e.g., the linkage between sulphur and nitrogen depositions and forest growth. Even more importantly some specific pollutant problems remain and will intensify, and climate change has become an environmental issue of overwhelming importance.     

放牧对草甸草原土壤水热状况和地上生物量的影响

本文以呼伦贝尔草甸草原为对象,研究了不同放牧强度对草原群落土壤水热状况和地上生物量的影响,旨在揭示二者之间的相互关系。研究结果表明,随着放牧强度的增加,生长季平均土壤温度呈逐渐上升的趋势;放牧对群落3个组份[羊草（Leymus chinensis）、贝加尔针茅（Stipa baicalensis）、杂类草]生物量和相对优势度产生影响。其中,羊草地上生物量和优势度随着放牧强度的增加显著线性降低,而贝加尔针茅和杂类草的生物量与优势度均在中度放牧处理下最高。土壤含水量与羊草生物量显著正相关,与杂类草生物量负相关,而与贝加尔针茅生物量间的关系极弱。本研究为完善放牧优化理论,揭示放牧在草地生态系统功能过程中的梯度效应提供了一个较为重要的研究线索,为草地放牧优化管理制度的确立提供了一定的科学依据。     

A proposal to leverage high-quality veterinary diagnostic laboratory large data streams for animal health,public health,and One Health

Test data generated by ~60 accredited member laboratories of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) is of exceptional quality. These data are captured by 1 of 13 laboratory information management systems (LIMSs) developed specifically for veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). Beginning ~2000, the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) developed an electronic messaging system for LIMS to automatically send standardized data streams for 14 select agents to a national repository. This messaging enables the U.S. Department of Agriculture to track and respond to high-consequence animal disease outbreaks such as highly pathogenic avian influenza. Because of the lack of standardized data collection in the LIMSs used at VDLs, there is, to date, no means of summarizing VDL large data streams for multi-state and national animal health studies or for providing near-real-time tracking for hundreds of other important animal diseases in the United States that are detected routinely by VDLs. Further, VDLs are the only state and federal resources that can provide early detection and identification of endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are estimated to be responsible for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million deaths worldwide every year. The economic and health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is self-evident. We review here the history and progress of data management in VDLs and discuss ways of seizing unexplored opportunities to advance data leveraging to better serve animal health, public health, and One Health.     

寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草监测与防治

草原是内蒙古地区草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展的基础,同时也是优质牧草的主要来源。有毒有害牧草生长扩散预示着草场退化,对当地草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展会造成毁灭性打击。有毒有害植物生长发育,不仅会危害牲畜健康且还会严重消耗土壤的水分和养分,妨碍优良牧草繁殖生长,使草场产量和质量显著下降。在长时间草场利用过程中,很多农牧民群众只注重索取,不注重生态环境保护,使草场生产能力和抵抗能力逐渐变差,给有毒有害牧草繁殖生长提供了条件。因此需要加强寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的监测,并采取针对性措施进行防控,降低发病率。该文主要探讨内蒙古呼伦贝尔市寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的种类,并提出相应的防治措施。