Segment-based coancestry,additive relationship and genetic variance within and between the Norwegian and the Swedish Fjord horse populations

ABSTRACT

The Fjord horse originates from Norway but forms a global population due to several small populations in foreign countries. There exists no information about the additive relationship and the genetic variance between these subpopulations. By collecting blood samples from Norwegian and Swedish Fjord horses, a sample of 311 Norwegian and 102 Swedish horses gave 485,918 SNPs available for analysis. Their inbreeding coefficients were calculated and compared to the pairwise coancestry and the shared genomic segments. The effective population size was almost similar with the two methods in the Norwegian Fjord horse population (63 and 71), but very different in the Swedish population (269 and 1136) and unprecise due to a much smaller number of observations. The study showed that coancestry from shared genomic segments can be used to estimate additive genetic relationship and genetic variation within and between the global populations of the Fjord horse.     

水分条件对巴音布鲁克高寒湿地CO_2排放的影响

在新疆天山中部巴音布鲁克天鹅湖高寒湿地,以苔草(Carex tristachya)为主要建群种的样地为研究对象,利用英国PP-systems公司生产的便携式土壤呼吸测定系统(CIRAS-2-SRC)研究了不同地表水分条件对天鹅湖高寒湿地夏季土壤CO2排放的影响。结果表明,1)湿润区的生物量大于干燥区;干燥区土壤CO2排放高于湿润区,干燥区土壤CO2排放日变化曲线为单峰曲线,CO2排放最高点出现在当地14:00-16:00,最高值为1.185 0g CO2·m-2·h-1;湿润区土壤CO2排放日变化曲线为双峰曲线,两个峰值分别出现在12:00和16:00,最高值为1.024 0g CO2·m-2·h-1。2)不同水分条件下生物量中凋落物含量影响土壤CO2排放。土壤温度是CO2排放的主要限制因子,且地表干燥区CO2排放与土壤温度的相关性更显著(P0.01)。土壤湿度与CO2排放相关性不显著(P湿润区=0.997,P干燥区=0.409)。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒的分子生物学研究进展

牛病毒性腹泻病毒（bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV）是导致牛腹泻的重要致病病毒之一,BVDV感染不仅能造成严重的临床症状,且可导致患畜的免疫力降低从而感染其他病原,致使患病动物的发病率和死亡率大大增加,给养牛业造成重大的损失。随着近年来分子生物学相关理论及技术不断发展,对于BVDV的研究逐渐深入,人们对该病毒的分子生物学方面有了一些新的了解,作者主要从BVDV的病毒粒子结构组成及功能、国内外的流行情况和BVDV基因的遗传与变异情况3个方面阐述近几年BVDV的分子生物学研究进展。     

栽植密度对甜樱桃光合特性、产量和果实品质的影响

本研究以四川汉源地区的甜樱桃新品种‘拉宾斯’为试材,对比分析了不同栽植密度（3.5m?.0m、4.0m?.5m和4.0m?.0m）下甜樱桃光合特性、产量和品质的差异。研究结果表明,4.0m?.5m栽植密度下,甜樱桃‘拉宾斯’光合能力、产量和果实品质表现最优,4.0m?.0m次之,3.5m?.0m最弱。该研究结果为甜樱桃新品种‘拉宾斯’在当地的推广提供了理论依据。     

Genetic characterization of 2 novel feline caliciviruses isolated from cats with idiopathic lower urinary tract disease

Feline caliciviruses (FCVs) are potential etiologic agents in feline idiopathic lower urinary tract disease (I-LUTD). By means of a modified virus isolation method, we examined urine obtained from 28 male and female cats with nonobstructive I-LUTD, 12 male cats with obstructive I-LUTD, and 18 clinically healthy male and female cats. All cats had been routinely vaccinated for FCV. Two FCVs were isolated; I (FCV-U1) from a female cat with nonobstructive I-LUTD, and another (FCV-U2) from a male cat with obstructive I-LUTD. To determine the genetic relationship of FCV-U1 and FCV-U2 to other FCVs. capsid protein gene RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA, amplified, and sequenced. Multiple amino acid sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees were constructed for the entire capsid protein, hypervariable region E, and the more conserved (nonhypervariable) regions A, B, D, and F. When compared to 23 other FCV isolates with known biotypes, the overall amino acid sequence identity of the capsid protein of FCV-U1 and FCV-U2 ranged from 83 to 96%; identity of hypervariable regions C and E ranged from 58 to 85%. Phylogenetically, FCV-U1 clearly separated from other FCV strains in phenograms based on nonhypervariable regions. In contrast, FCV-U2 consistently segregated with the Urbana strain in all phenograms. Clustering of isolates by geographic origin was most apparent in phenograms based on nonhypervariable regions. No clustering of isolates by biotype was apparent in any phenograms. Our results indicate that FCV-UI and FCV-U2 are genetically distinct from other known vaccine and field strains of FCV.     

鸡新城疫病毒地方株的分离鉴定及其遗传变异分析

从河北省保定地区发病鸡群中分离到2个具有血凝性的病毒株分别命名为HBA和HBB,其血凝作用可被NDV阳性血清抑制,而不能被AIV(H9亚型)、EDS76阳性血清抑制,表明2个分离株均为新城疫病毒。通过测定MDT、ICPI和IVPI等方法鉴定分离株的毒力符合强毒标准。利用RT-PCR技术成功扩增了2株分离株的F基因片段(约540bp),通过测序及遗传变异分析表明两毒株之间的核苷酸同源性为87.7%,氨基酸同源性为91.6%,结合系统发育进化树分析表明HBA为基因Ⅵ型,HBB为基因Ⅶ型。     

山西铁杆蒿草地群落碳、氮密度区域差异及其驱动因素

为明确山西铁杆蒿（Artemisia sacrorum）群落碳、氮密度的区域差异,以及导致这种空间变化的驱动因素,本试验以山西省铁杆蒿草地群落为研究对象,通过测定晋北半干旱地区和晋南半湿润地区铁杆蒿群落的碳（C）、氮（N）密度,分析了其与年均气温、年降水量、土壤理化性质和地上、地下生物量等生态因子的相关性。结果表明：山西南北铁杆蒿群落碳、氮密度空间分布存在差异,晋南地区铁杆蒿群落的群落碳、氮密度分别为651.83 g C·m^-2和20.63 g N·m^-2,晋北地区铁杆蒿群落的群落碳、氮密度分别为418.89 g C·m^-2和13.90 g N·m^-2。以群落各组分碳、氮密度代表样点进行RDA（Redundancy analysis）冗余分析排序得出造成两地区群落碳、氮密度分异的主要生态因子均为地上生物量、地下生物量、年均气温、年降水量、土壤有机碳含量以及土壤砾石比。可见,山西晋南和晋北地区铁杆蒿群落碳、氮密度空间分布存在差异,不同气候区铁杆蒿群落碳、氮密度空间差异与生物量的积累密切相关,驱动晋南和晋北地区铁杆蒿群落碳氮密度分异的环境因素为年均气温、年降水量、土壤有机碳含量以及土壤砾石比。     

同一克隆两个不同变异体的伊氏锥虫在兔体内抗原变异研究

为了解伊氏锥虫在兔体内感染后期抗原变异的情况及较同一克隆不同变异体锥虫在兔体内抗原变异情况,用伊氏锥虫安徽株单虫克隆ＳｈＴａｔ１．２感染兔,在兔体３０天中每隔３天及感染后５１、５４、５７天（兔５８天死亡）分离兔血中锥虫并克隆,获得１３个克隆锥虫群体,经间接免疫荧光试验和ＡＢＣ酶标记试验鉴定为１０个抗原性互不相同的抗原变异体（Ｖａｒｉａｂｌｅ Ａｎｔｉｇｅｎ Ｔｙｐｅ,ＶＡＴ）,其中早期（感染锥虫３     

重金属铅对绢毛委陵菜光合特性及荧光参数的影响

为探讨不同浓度重金属Pb²⁺胁迫对绢毛委陵菜（Potentilla sericea L.>）光合特性及荧光参数的影响,本文采用盆栽的方法,通过对绢毛委陵菜净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO₂浓度（Ci）等多项指标的测定,并对其变化规律做了比较研究。结果表明：绢毛委陵菜胞间CO₂浓度（Ci）随Pb²⁺胁迫时间的延长及胁迫浓度的增大呈上升趋势,而净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）变化趋势与胞间CO₂浓度（Ci）变化趋势相反;Pb²⁺胁迫50 d时PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo）、最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）均随胁迫浓度的增大逐渐降低;绢毛委陵菜在Pb²⁺浓度为300 mg·kg^-1、600 mg·kg^-1时能够生存,但生长缓慢。研究表明随着铅浓度的提高,铅通过影响植物的非气孔限制来影响绢毛委陵菜的光合特性。