20％噻虫嗪油悬剂的研制

[目的]研制20%噻虫嗪油悬剂。[方法]采用湿法研磨工艺配制了20%噻虫嗪油悬浮剂,对其配方中的分散介质、乳化剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂进行了筛选,并对该制剂进行了理化性能测定。[结果]20%噻虫嗪油悬剂的最佳质量配比为:噻虫嗪原药20.00%,脂肪酸甲酯71.30%,OP-4 0.40%,农乳500#3.00%,EC80 3.00%,黄原胶0.30%,白炭黑2.00%。该制剂外观无明显分层,水中分散性良好,各项指标均符合油悬浮剂的相关标准。[结论]按该配方配制的20%噻虫嗪油悬浮剂工艺简单、对环境污染小,具有较好的市场开发前景。     

不同成熟度油橄榄油品品质研究

为明确不同成熟度油橄榄油品品质的变化规律,建立不同品种的质量体系,让企业和种植户能够根据自己的侧重点选择需要种植的品种,以提高生产效率和产品质量。以城固(Chenggu)、莱星(Leccino)、切姆拉尔(Chemlal de kabylie)0～7个成熟度的油橄榄果实为试验材料,对3个品种的出油率、酸价、过氧化值、多酚含量、主要脂肪酸等品质指标进行测定。结果表明,第7成熟度切姆拉尔的出油率最高,为13.6%;第0成熟度城固的最低,为2.1%。脂肪酸组成中油酸含量最高,为53.31%～71.64%;棕榈酸含量为12.91%～16.53%,棕榈一烯酸含量为0.42%～2.09%,硬脂酸含量为1.25%～2.96%,亚油酸含量为7.48%～18.24%;亚麻酸含量最低,为0.63%～1.51%。多酚含量,第1成熟度以城固最多,为281.91 mg/kg;第2成熟度以切姆拉尔最低,为73.53 mg/kg。多酚含量随着成熟度的增加会有一个先增加再减小的趋势;酸价(最高为0.67 mg/g)、过氧化值(最高为0.71 g/kg)远低于国标中对特级初榨橄榄油的限度。可见,3个油橄榄品种的油脂质量均比较高,其中切姆拉尔出油率较高,城固多酚含量较高。     

龙泉山脉低山丘陵区—金堂县油橄榄引种栽植试验初报

金堂县淮口镇于2009年开始先后引进7个油橄榄品种进行栽培试验,试验通过设置标准样地进行物候期观测,表型性状比较,含油率及油脂成分分析;结果表明：各油橄榄品种花期主要集中在4月下旬,果实成熟集中为10月上旬,阿贝基纳成熟期稍稍晚—点为10月中旬;各品种表型性状差异大部分两两显著;鲜重含油率高低顺序依次为鄂植8号＞佛奥＞阿贝基纳＞皮削利＞皮瓜儿＞小苹果＞莱星;单果重依次为皮削利＞莱星＞鄂植8号＞小苹果＞佛奥＞皮瓜儿＞阿贝基纳;果肉占单果比重依次为小苹果、皮削利＞莱星＞鄂植8号＞皮瓜儿＞阿贝基纳＞佛奥;在引种的7个品种中,阿贝基纳表现出较好的适应性,佛奥和鄂植号次之.     

油棕抗寒性研究进展

低温是限制油棕生长发育和分布的重要因素。本文综述油棕在低温胁迫下生长特性、酶活性、渗透调节物质等生理生化方面的适应性变化和解剖结构的变化,油棕抗寒分子生物学方面的研究进展;提出在油棕抗寒性研究中存在的问题,并对未来的研究工作进行展望,旨在为油棕抗寒品种的选育及鉴定提供参考。     

Analysis of Leaflet Shape and Area for Improvement of Leaf Area Estimation Method for Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)

Abstract

Leaf area of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) can not be estimated accurately from the whole leaf shape, and individual leaflet area must be measured for accurate estimation of leaf area. In this study we examined leaflet characteristics in detail and developed a method of estimating individual leaflet area. Shapes of all leaflets were similar regardless of their sizes. The leaflet width was maximal at the distal position around 30 ～40] from the leaflet base. Products of leaflet lengths and maximum widths (as the X-axis) showed almost a linear relationship with the leaflet areas measured with a leaf area meter (as the Y-axis). Moreover, the Y-intercept of the primary regression equation was very small compared to leaflet area values, and we can regard it as 0. We compared the measured leaflet area with the area of the ellipse with the leaflet length as the major axis and the maximum width as the minor axis. The difference between them was within±15] except for some leaflets at the base or tip of the leaf. These results suggested that the method of estimating leaflet area from the ellipse area calculated from the leaflet length and the maximum leaflet width as major and minor axes, respectively was simple and accurate. The estimation equation for the leaflet area is S(e)=0.785 L_leaflet×W_leaflet, where S(e) is the estimated leaflet area, L_leaflet is the leaflet length, and W_leaflet is the maximum leaflet width.     

8个油橄榄品种果实性状及含油率的比较分析

[目的]为油橄榄品种选育提供理论依据。[方法]测定比较云南省永仁县8个油橄榄品种的果实性状及含油率。[结果]果实质量变异系数最大(40.79%),果形指数的变异系数最小(8.36%)。鲜果含油率最大的是佛奥(22.77%),最小的是小苹果(12.08%)。[结论]通过各项指标的测定,8个油橄榄品种的果实外部性状有着明显的差异,含油率较高的品种是佛奥、鄂植8号、科拉蒂和米提尼。     

拖拉机传动系密封性设计改进

介绍几种拖拉机传动系密封性设计改进方案。     

Influence of pre-treatment in citric acid solution on physical and mechanical properties of thermally compressed oil palm board

Oil palm trunk is an excellent raw material for thermally compressed wood board.However,improvements to dimensional stability during water absorption and reduced thickness swelling has been tied to losses in other mechanical properties,especially as the compression temperature is increased.Toward solving this trade-off,we analyzed the effects of a 48 h pre-soak in citric acid solutions(0,5,15,25,or 35%w/v in distilled water)on the physical and mechanical properties of oil palm board compressed at 140℃.The reference benchmark case was compressed at 200℃without pretreatment.The oil palm board raw materials were obtained from outer,middle and inner parts of trunk.The results showed that the oven-dry density of compressed oil palm board made from different parts of trunk increased with thermal compression(maximum pressure 12.26 MPa for 8 min).The citric acid pretreatment improved water absorption and thickness swelling properties of oil palm board thermally compressed at 140℃,consistent with the citric acid concentration.The carboxyl groups in citric acid cross-link with the hydroxyl groups in the wood.However,no significant difference was found between the benchmark(200℃)and pretreatments with 5 or 15%citric acid.The citric acid altered the wood chemistry during hot compressing at 140℃.Static bending strength,modulus of rupture(MOR),and modulus of elasticity(MOE)slightly decreased with the citric acid pretreatment,matching the effects of high temperature compression at 200℃.     

离心挤压式油棕果果核分离机的研制

传统小型油棕果榨油设备采用果肉、果核混合压榨的出油方式,为防止压破果核影响油质而降低压力,造成不完全压榨,油渣含油高。为提高出油率,选用先分离果核再压榨果肉的工艺,为此设计研制了一种基于离心挤压的油棕果果核分离机,可将高温杀酵后从果穗脱离的果实进行高速离心捣碎并再次加热,降低物料粘度,使果肉更容易从分离栅栏挤出,达到果核分离目的。