Finding a needle in the haystack: Regional analysis of suitable Eld’s deer (Cervus eldi) forest in Southeast Asia

For species whose decline preceded the modern era and whose distribution is in the developing world, it is difficult to map suitable habitat across its former range. Eld’s deer (Cervus eldi) is an endangered cervid whose range across Southeast Asia was reduced during the last century to disjoint populations in Myanmar and Cambodia. We used ecological data from the present populations to determine landscape and habitat parameters that would help us predict the occurrence of the species in forests not yet surveyed. The suitable-forest GIS model was created using four readily available datasets for elevation, forest type, canopy closure, and human density. Comparison of the GIS model with 24 verified sightings of Eld’s deer during recent large mammal surveys in Cambodia, found 22 sightings (92%) within predicted suitable forest. Use the suitable-forest GIS model to survey a province in southern Lao People’s Democratic Republic, located a single, previously unreported population from 9 patches surveyed. In a separate analysis, a logistic regression model to predict Eld’s deer habitat in Northern Cambodia found percent tree cover, presence of wetlands, and distance to villages as the best predictors of deer, similar to variables used in the GIS model, with the exception of the importance of wetlands. Using mean annual rainfall to rank suitable-forest patches identified in the GIS model indicated dry dipterocarp forests in Northeastern Cambodia and Northern Myanmar have the highest potential to conserve eld’s deer. Examination of the suitable-forest GIS map and current protected areas indicated only Cambodia, with 11% suitable forest protected, has placed sufficient dry dipterocarp forest under protected status. Other Southeast Asia countries have not recognized dry dipterocarp forest as a significant ecotype worthy of conservation status.     

山地橘园链式循环货运索道设计

为解决山地橘园的果品和农资等轻简化和省力化运送问题,提出了一种链式循环货运索道技术.该索道由驱动装置、起重链索、支架、水平托索机构、转向机构、自动张紧机构、垂直托索机构、组合托索机构和物品挂钩等组成.在广东省龙门县和江西省安远县的山地橘园实地安装此索道,链索实现了上下坡、转弯和直线的循环运行,果农站在地面可随意上载或下卸物品,最高生产率可达6.8t/h,实现了山地橘园物品省力和有效运送的目的.     

山地果园钢丝绳牵引货运机超声波避障系统

为避免山地果园钢丝绳牵引式货运机运行时碰撞穿越轨道的行人或其他障碍物,提高果园轨道货运系统的安全性和稳定性,开发了山地果园钢丝绳牵引式货运机避障系统,包括STC单片机、超声波测距、红外光电检测、无线通信、语音报警及手动控制等模块.系统设计指标为:障碍物检测距离不小于150 cm,避障成功率达到100％.系统应用试验结果表明:使用静态障碍物,上坡避障完成后货运机前端与障碍物间最小距离为100 cm,下坡避障完成后该间距为90 cm;使用动态障碍物,上坡避障完成后货运机前端与障碍物间最小距离为98 cm,最小延时为0.64 s;下坡避障完成后该间距为66 cm,最小延时为1.30s.     

退化生态系统恢复过程木本植物密度的变化

对大明山退化生态系统 34个群落的木本植物密度进行了研究。结果表明 :1.退化生态系统木本植物的密度与植被的恢复阶段紧密相关 ;2 .乔木层植物的密度变化呈现恢复初期 ( 2年 )较低 ,中前期 ( 10～ 2 0年 )迅速提高 ,中后期 ( 50年 )下降 ,后期 ( 150～ 2 0 0年 )又缓慢回升的趋势 ;3.乔木层与灌木层植物密度的变化具有相同的趋势和不同的速率 ,灌木层植物密度变化缓慢。     

山区局地气候的小网格研究方法

山区局地气侯除受宏观地形因子影响外，还要受复杂的小环境的影响。为了进一步分析山区局地气侯的差异，更好地对山区自然资源进行开发，应用小网格方法，引入地形因子，修定气候学方程，采用数学方法建立１ｋｍ热量、降水方程；对北京山区进行分析计算的结果表明，它较好地反映了地形对气候资源的影响，基本符合实际情况，月平均温度误差不超过０．６℃，年降水量绝对误差不超过４０ｍｍ，有一定的实用价值。     

哀牢山区大叶茶种植的气候优势和类型分区

分析了哀牢山区域大叶茶种植的气候资源优势，确定了降水、相对湿度、年雾日等大叶茶气候区划指标，划分了大叶茶在哀牢山区种植的不同类型区域。     

Soil nutrient changes due to land use changes in Northern China: a case study in Zunhua County, Hebei Province

Abstract. Since the 1980s, land use in rural areas of China has changed greatly as the result of political initiatives. These changes have caused soil nutrient changes which are examined in this paper for Zunhua County, northern China from 1980 to 1999. The areas of farmland, grassland, and paddy decreased greatly and were replaced by increases in forest and residential land. The soils under forest in 1999 transformed from farmland in 1980 increased in organic matter by 21%, total nitrogen by 18%, available nitrogen by 65%, available phosphorus by 17% and available potassium by 17%. Similarly, in the area which was converted from farmland in 1980 to grassland in 1999, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium increased by 38%, 37%, 71%, 2% and 28%, respectively. Changes from farmland to forest and grassland not only changed land cover but also improved soil fertility and probably reduced soil nutrient losses.     

精心组织项目实施，全力打造精品工程

高邮市丘陵山区农业综合开发项目于2000年正式立项实施。10年来,实施总面积1346．67hm2,项目区涉及送桥、菱塘、天山、郭集4个乡镇24个行政村（场）。项目的成功建设,加快了高邮市丘陵山区的发展,促进了农业增效、农民增收和农村繁荣。     

北方干寒地区日光温室CO2预测模型建立与冬季试验

根据质量平衡原理,构建了适用于北方干旱、寒冷地区典型日光温室CO2动态预测模型。模型定量描述了作物光合和呼吸作用、土壤呼吸作用、CO2施肥、自然通风及闭膜后的冷风渗透对室内空气中CO2的动态影响过程。利用内蒙古农牧业科技园区的日光温室对模型进行了冬季验证。结果表明,模型能较好地预测北方干旱、寒冷地区冬季晴天、多云天气的日光温室室内空气CO2浓度的动态变化过程,且预测值和实测值之间的相对误差小于10%。     

太白山南坡蝗虫群落数量分类及相似性分析

应用数量分类及相似性方法对秦岭太白山南坡蝗虫群落垂直分布样方资料进行了分析.结果表明,大体上可将太白山南坡蝗虫群落分为7种主要类型,即农耕带、常绿落叶阔叶混交林带、辽东栎杂木林带、桦木林带、冷杉林带、落叶松带、高山草甸带.太白山蝗虫群落垂直分布规律明显,其中高海拔的蝗虫种类数明显低于中低海拔.但低海拔的农耕带因人为干扰大,植被较单一,蝗虫的优势度和密度大,种类数较少.