成乐高速公路绿化设计

针对成乐高速公路所处的自然文化特点，突出成都、乐山等历史名城的人文特色，以生态绿色长廊为重点，提出绿化设计方案，以期成为国内高速公路绿化典范。     

福州市古树名木资源的保护与利用

通过对福州市现有古树名木分析,总结了5大特点并结合多年的古树保护经验,探讨了福州市古树景观保护和利用问题。古树景观开发应在保护好古树的前提下进行。古树景观利用切忌异地移植,重点是解救散落于民居中或饱受围困的古树,通过改良环境和复壮,再造宜人景观。文章还涉及古树景观的设计原则、价值评测、指标体系和枯树景观利用以及物种竞争、开发与保护的矛盾等问题。     

模糊数学在适地适树决策方法中的应用

以小兴安岭带岭林区为研究对象,利用模糊数学原理,并通过对主要造林树种、立地类型及隶属度的确定,进行适地适树决策方法的探讨,得出各种立地条件下的适地适树方案.     

浅谈平原绿化管护措施

根据平原绿化的质量要求及特点,关键是做好管护工作.具体介绍了平原绿化可行措施,主要从意识、行政、经济、法制、科技等方面来抓,形成严密、合理、科学地管护系统.     

石梓栽培技术的研究

本文报道了石梓栽培技术研究结果：23°N以南为石梓适生地区，其年均温20．5－24．5℃，极端低温＞－1．5℃，年降雨量1200－2000mm，年平均风速＜2．5m/s。适宜立地为地形开阔，阳光充足，土壤疏松，表土层含有机质＞2％，全氮＞0．1％，速效磷＞0．025mg/100g土，PH4．5－6．9，土壤含水率10％－24％，种子贮存以干燥器最好，贮存一芽率87．4％，催芽用浸晒和浸沤处理，比不处理提前10天发芽，发芽率提高9％－12％，不同子叶类型的芽苗分别移植，较混合移植的苗木合格率提高20．6％；评定了种子主要质量指标和效果良好的育苗，造林方法。技术综合指标；材积年均生长量＞12m^3/ha。     

对东北野生树木资源的引种栽培及在北方城市绿化开发利用上的研究

通过引种,从东北野生树木资源中筛选出适宜于北方地区栽培的绿化树种,丰富了北方地区绿化树木的种类。     

Hollows in jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and marri (Corymbia calophylla) trees: I. Hollow sizes, tree attributes and ages

One hundred and fifty-four jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and 85 marri (Corymbia calophylla) trees were measured and assessed, and the numbers and sizes of hollows in these trees were determined by destructive sampling; 665 hollows were located and measured. The relationship between tree diameter and tree age was determined from counts of annual growth rings on 162 of these trees. Large trees and trees with moderately senescent crowns individually bear the most hollows. Although the number of hollows found in individual trees increased with tree diameter, the distribution of tree diameters in the forest is skewed and the large number of small trees with diameters between 40 and 80 cm contribute approximately 50% of all hollows in the jarrah forest. The distributions of entry size, and of hollow depth, are highly skewed, with small hollows occurring more frequently than large hollows. Although jarrah trees bear more hollows than marri trees and the distribution of entry sizes is similar for both tree species, the hollows in jarrah are significantly smaller than the hollows in marri. Most hollows are cylindrical in shape, vertically oriented and occur in dead wood in the tree crown. Relatively few hollows (14%) occur in the tree bole or at crown break. Counts of hollows made from ground level are inaccurate as estimates of the actual number of hollows in trees.     

北京城市行道树衰弱原因分析

为了探寻行道树衰弱的原因,为其治理提供依据,作者从行道树周围存在的市政基础设施和施工对行道树的影响、土壤问题、水分胁迫三个方面进行了论述,认为导致行道树衰弱的主要原因是以上的一个或多个因素综合作用的结果。     

The role of shelter in Australia for protecting soils,plants and livestock

The purpose of this review is to examine the current knowledge of the role of trees in providing shelter for pastures, crops, and livestock, for controlling erosion of soils and improving productivity and sustainability of agricultural production in Australia — and the extent to which this knowledge has been applied.Land degradation — tree loss and associated soil salinity, water and wind erosion, soil acidification, soil structural decline and nutrient degradation — is evidence that our primary production systems are not sustainable. We have sought increased production without proper consideration of the ecological context of that system. About half of Victoria's crop and pasture lands are affected or at risk, and in Western Australia about 25% of the cleared agricultural land is wind-eroded and 60% is potentially susceptible, salinity affects 0.43 m ha and half of the divertible surface water is affected by salinity. Similar problems occur in other States. At least 43 m ha or 13% of our rangelands are seriously degraded by wind erosion caused by overgrazing, often coinciding with drought or a run of drier years.Minimum tillage and stubble management for erosion control in cropping has been a major extension and research activity in Australian agriculture. Severe weather, combined with imperfect adoption of appropriate grazing and crop management systems, shows the weakness of complete reliance on these methods of erosion control. An effective system must accommodate the impact of extreme events, which are the most damaging. However, the complementary use of windbreaks to reduce soil erosion is rare, and their establishment has not been promoted, despite the wide-spread adoption of this technology by other countries.In the cropping and higher rainfall grazing areas, the systematic planting of 10% of the land in a net of shelterbelts/timberbelts/clusters could achieve a 50% windspeed reduction; this would substantially improve livestock and pasture production in the short and long-term. Wind erosion could be dramatically reduced and crop production probably increased by the use of windbreaks. Wheat and oat yield at Rutherglen (Victoria), and lupin yield at Esperance (Western Australia), were increased in the sheltered zone by 22% and 47%, and 30%, respectively.In semi-arid and dry temperate areas, planting of 5% of the land to shelter could reduce windspeed by 30–50% and soil loss by up to 80%. This planting would also contribute substantially to achieving other objectives of sustainable agriculture. Agroforestry — particularly timberbelts applications — will be important in the long-term strategy for achieving revegetation. If some of the trees yield a marketable product then the adoption of the system will be more readily achieved.In the arid (pastoral) areas there is an urgent need to promote the ethic that preservation and improvement of the perennial grass and shrub vegetation is critical for the protection of the soil and maintenance of land capability. Control of animal grazing remains the sole means of preventing erosion in much of this zone. While satellite imagery allows us to assess the condition of leasehold lands, we have failed to achieve stocking policies that will halt the degradation of our rangelands.     

速生丰产林培育目标和主伐年龄研究

林木培育目标应根据林分立地条件类型、林分生长类型等级、森林经营集约度和社会材种需求综合确定。通过林木定向培育提早主伐年龄以获得较高目的材种产量。对大径材培育主伐年龄应先与工艺成熟龄比较后确定。良种化林木培育是森林经营水平的重要标志，与Ⅰ类林分相比仍提早主伐年龄，增加材种产量１倍左右。应具体分析目前速生丰产林生长状况，林龄面积分布等，调整林木培育目标和主伐年龄，以保证森林资源的永续利用。