关于n维单形的一类不等式

本文首先得到关于高维二面角余弦平方和的一个不等式，给出了不等式的最小下界，随后研究了ｎ维单形中线长的一个不等式，得到了一些有盗的结果。     

Evaluation of 2 cement techniques for augmentation of stripped 1.5 mm screw sites in the distal metaphysis of feline radii

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of 2 cement augmentation techniques on pullout strength of 1.5 mm screws placed in stripped 1.5 mm screw sites in the distal metaphysis of feline radii. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Feline radii (21 pairs). METHODS: Treatment groups (n=4) were allocated according to a Latin square design to 4 sites in each pair of radii. Positive and negative controls were a 1.5 mm screw and a screw of the same diameter in a previously stripped screw hole, respectively. Treatment groups were a 1.5 mm screw implanted in a previously stripped screw hole after injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or a bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement (CPC, Norian skeletal repair system (SRS)). The ultimate pullout strength was compared between groups. RESULTS: The mean (+/-SEM) pullout strength of screws augmented with either bone cement was less than that of the positive control group and greater than that of the negative control. Injection of CPC or PMMA before screw implantation increased the pullout strength of the negative control by 86.8+/-22.9% and 104.1+/-32.1%, respectively. Holding power of the positive control screws differed from these 2 groups, and was 274.8+/-39.17% higher than that of the negative control. CONCLUSION: Injection of CPC or PMMA increases but does not restore the holding power of stripped 1.5 mm diameter screws. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The use of CPC (Norian SRS) augmentation of stripped 1.5 mm diameter screws warrants clinical investigation as it combines biomechanical results similar to PMMA with osteoconduction and resorbability.     

Biomechanical comparison of cortical radial graft versus ulnar transposition graft limb-sparing techniques for the distal radial site in dogs

OBJECTIVE: To compare the biomechanical properties of radial graft (RG) versus ulnar transposition graft (UTG) limb-sparing techniques in the dog. STUDY DESIGN: Cadaveric study. ANIMALS: Six pairs of normal canine thoracic limbs. METHODS: In each pair of limbs, 1 limb was subjected to the RG technique and the other to the UTG technique. Limbs were tested in axial loading until failure. Modes of failure and biomechanical properties were compared between the 2 groups. Percent coverage of the metacarpal bone by the plate was retrospectively compared between the limbs that failed by fracture of the metacarpal bones and those that did not. RESULTS: RG limbs had significantly greater stiffness, yield load, maximum load, maximum energy, and post-yield energy. All UTG limbs failed by cranial bending of the plate. Half of the RG limbs failed by caudal bending of the plate and half by fracture of the third metacarpal bone at the distal end of the plate. Limbs with <80% plate coverage of the metacarpal bone were significantly more likely to fail by metacarpal fracture. CONCLUSIONS: The RG technique was biomechanically superior to the UTG technique under the conditions studied. At least 80% plate coverage of the metacarpal bone should be achieved. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Exercise restriction and coaptation bandages should be considered for patients undergoing the UTG technique to minimize potential biomechanical complications.     

农村电网合理配电方式的优化选择

为降低农村电网的投资和运行费用,在满足负荷需求及各项技术指标限制的条件下,以线路电压降和变电站最大负荷限制为控制条件,建立各种配电方式的单位供电面积年费用与线路供电半径、变电站数量、负荷密度等因素之间的函数关系,对我国农村电网3种配电方式110/35/10kV、110/20kV、110/10kV的经济性进行研究和比较。结果表明:当负荷密度低于250kW/km2时,110/10kV配电方式的单位供电面积年费用相对较低,而负荷密度高于250kW/km2时,110/20kV的配电方式则更经济;而110/35/10kV配电方式因为使用广泛且经济性与另外2种配电方式接近,仍有很高的保留价值。     

曲线连续箱梁桥支座设置的比较

以实际工程为例,对采用MIDAS空间梁单元小半径曲线梁桥支座的布置进行计算和比较分析,并通过掌握小半径曲线梁桥支座受力特点,从而确定出适合该桥的支座布置形式。     

三角履带式甘蔗收割机转向系统的设计与试验

针对我国目前山地甘蔗收割困难、缺乏适用收获装备的问题,设计了三角履带式甘蔗联合收割机转向系统,主要包括后桥、轮桥连接架的设计和转向油缸行程确定。针对关键部件转向后桥和轮桥连接架进行了受力计算与有限元应力分析,对转弯半径进行了计算,并进行了相应的试验。关键零件应力测试试验结果表明:转向后桥的最大静应力为43. 67MPa,动态稳定应力约50MPa,仿真误差为12. 66%;轮桥连接架转向最大静应力158.59 MPa,动态应力为176 MPa,仿真的误差为9. 89%,仿真与实际基本一致。转弯半径试验结果表明:理论转弯半径为6.4m,实际测试时由于车速不同,转弯半径在6.127～6.5m范围内,与理论最大误差4.27%,在可接受范围内,转向系统的设计达到了设计要求。     

基于曲面耕作半径与MaxENT模型的哈尼梯田区聚落格局优化

乡村聚落格局优化是土地整理的一项重要工作,对缓解区域人地矛盾,解决 "三农"问题,实现区域可持续发展具有重要意义。该文以红河哈尼梯田世界文化遗产所在地元阳县为研究区,采用曲面距离法计算耕作半径,以景观连接度和缓冲区法计算耕地重叠区（耕作强度）,再结合耕作通勤时间计算得到哈尼梯田区的适宜耕作半径。然后依据遗产保护要求与适宜耕作半径识别出聚落格局整理区,引入生态模型MaxENT,以气候、地质地貌及社会经济等4大类的11个因子为数据源模拟得到新增聚落的空间位置,提出聚落格局优化建议。结果表明：1）基于曲面距离和耕作重叠计算得到的全县最适宜耕作半径为1 041 m。2）依据遗产保护和适宜耕作半径分析识别出需要进行聚落格局优化的区域为遗产核心区的新街镇、小新街乡,其余地区为聚落低密度区。3）通过MaxENT模型分析影响聚落分布的因子表明,遗产区为气候因子即降水和气温、小新街乡为气温和旅游中心距离,聚落低密度区则为海拔和岩性。4）MaxENT模型模拟的新增聚落空间位置及格局优化表明,遗产区内潜在适宜聚落区面积为18.42 km2,其中核心区内聚落根据遗产保护条例整体保留,新增人口可外迁至缓冲区（沙拉托乡）内的潜在适宜区;小新街乡内潜在适宜聚落用地面积为9.26 km2,区内聚落就近迁入潜在适宜区;其余聚落低密度区内的潜在适宜居住面积为92.26 km2,在潜在适宜区内选址聚集为2～3个聚落群。该文研究结果可为哈尼梯田基本农田改造、撤村并点、遗产保护规划、聚落空间结构调整提供科学参考。     

县域高标准基本农田建设适宜性评价与优先区划定

乡村聚落格局优化是土地整理的一项重要工作,对缓解区域人地矛盾,解决 "三农"问题,实现区域可持续发展具有重要意义。该文以红河哈尼梯田世界文化遗产所在地元阳县为研究区,采用曲面距离法计算耕作半径,以景观连接度和缓冲区法计算耕地重叠区（耕作强度）,再结合耕作通勤时间计算得到哈尼梯田区的适宜耕作半径。然后依据遗产保护要求与适宜耕作半径识别出聚落格局整理区,引入生态模型MaxENT,以气候、地质地貌及社会经济等4大类的11个因子为数据源模拟得到新增聚落的空间位置,提出聚落格局优化建议。结果表明：1）基于曲面距离和耕作重叠计算得到的全县最适宜耕作半径为1 041 m。2）依据遗产保护和适宜耕作半径分析识别出需要进行聚落格局优化的区域为遗产核心区的新街镇、小新街乡,其余地区为聚落低密度区。3）通过MaxENT模型分析影响聚落分布的因子表明,遗产区为气候因子即降水和气温、小新街乡为气温和旅游中心距离,聚落低密度区则为海拔和岩性。4）MaxENT模型模拟的新增聚落空间位置及格局优化表明,遗产区内潜在适宜聚落区面积为18.42 km2,其中核心区内聚落根据遗产保护条例整体保留,新增人口可外迁至缓冲区（沙拉托乡）内的潜在适宜区;小新街乡内潜在适宜聚落用地面积为9.26 km2,区内聚落就近迁入潜在适宜区;其余聚落低密度区内的潜在适宜居住面积为92.26 km2,在潜在适宜区内选址聚集为2～3个聚落群。该文研究结果可为哈尼梯田基本农田改造、撤村并点、遗产保护规划、聚落空间结构调整提供科学参考。     

木材细胞壁与木材力学性能及水分特性之间关系研究进展

阐述了木材细胞壁微纤丝角、结晶度、纹孔和化学组分等对木材力学性能的影响规律,针对木材的水分特性重点归纳了纹孔和抽提物对木材渗透性的影响机制,并对未来细胞壁微观研究发展趋势进行了总结,旨在为木材细胞壁相关研究提供借鉴。