Effects of a high milk intake during the pre‐weaning period on nutrient metabolism and growth rate in Japanese Black cattle

This study aimed to determine the effects of feeding an increased volume of high‐fat milk during the early post‐natal life on metabolite concentrations in the blood, the expression of key genes regulating intermediary metabolism in the skeletal muscles, and the rate of growth of Japanese Black cattle. All calves were fed a high‐fat milk replacer (crude protein, 26%; crude fat, 25.5%; total dissolved nitrogen, 116%). Control calves (n = 4) were nursed with 500 g milk replacer until 3 months of age, whereas calves in the experimental group (n = 4) were nursed with 1800 g milk replacer until 3 months, and then the volume was gradually reduced until 5 months. Body weight was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 7 months. Plasma glucose concentrations were significantly lower in the experimental group. Expression of glucose‐transporter‐4 messenger RNA (mRNA) was lower, whereas that of glucose transporter 1, cluster of differentiation 36, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1b mRNA was significantly higher in the Longissimus thoracis of the experimental group. Nutritional status during early post‐natal life appears to strongly influence the growth rate and glucose and lipid metabolism in Japanese Black cattle.     

Respond of Stock Trading Volume to Earning Report

Earning report is a main accounting report that transmits earning information to users. It is the core of financial reports system. Earning information is significant to users' decision making. This paper studies the respond of stock trading volume to earning report and draws the curve of trading volume before and after earning report. This paper further does a regression analysis of accidental earning and abnormal return rate, and draws the relation curve of them on the earning report date to prove stock trading volume does have remarkable respond to earning report. This research is significant to either lessen small investors blindness investment and help them make reasonable forecast to markets and regulate the disclosure of listed companies.     

重力式计量包装机的设计与研究

介绍了定量包装机的结构、气缸选型以及料仓容积等参数的计算。该机配以PLC气动控制装置、嵌入式电脑核心的包装机控制仪,具有高精度、高速度及长期工作可靠性好等特点。它可以和自动取袋、封口机配合使用,根据不同物料的料性及工艺要求,进行自动称重包装,从而满足了国内粮食及其初深加工产品计量包装的性能指标要求,并广泛应用于粮食、化工等行业。     

栽培槽大小对日光温室架式栽培番茄生长发育、水肥利用和产量品质的影响

利用封闭式循环供液高架栽培系统,研究了栽培槽大小(横切面宽度×深度:20cm×10cm,20cm×15cm,20cm×20cm)和钵栽(直径12cm×高10cm,基质容积1L)对架式栽培番茄(3穗果摘心)生长发育、水肥利用及产量品质的影响。结果表明:与钵栽相比,槽栽促进番茄植株生长,增加产量,但开花和采收时间延迟,果实品质下降,水肥利用效率降低;随着栽培槽体积的增大,植株生长旺盛,干物质积累量增加,但水肥利用效率降低,果实品质下降,不同大小栽培槽处理间水分利用效率和单株产量差异不显著。综合产量、品质及水肥利用效率等指标,番茄架式栽培槽大小以20cm×10cm为宜。     

现代电子称重技术发展对森林收获计测的影响

回顾森林收获计测技术的发展历史,分析现代电子称量技术的发展应用前景,指出木材及木制品以体积计量计价的局限性和以重量计量计价的优势,认为当前一些木材市场上出现的买卖双方以重量而不是以材积计量计价现象有其历史必然性。基于以重量计量计价更为客观、准确、快捷、高效,并大幅降低成本的优势,其在纸浆等工业原料林经营、林业碳汇贸易等方面具有广泛应用潜力。     

Temporal changes of soil physical quality under two residue management systems

Although crop residue management is known to affect near‐surface soil physical quality, little is known about the temporal variability of these indicators over short time intervals. This study evaluates the temporal changes of nine indicators of soil physical quality. These are organic carbon content, structural stability index, bulk density, macroporosity, air capacity, relative field capacity, plant available water capacity, Dexter's S‐index and saturated hydraulic conductivity. A second set of soil physical indicators, based on the distribution of soil pore volume, was also evaluated. The indicators were determined in three different times during the growing cycle of winter durum wheat cultivated within a long‐term field research carrying out in Southern Italy and comparing two types of crop residue management, that is, burning (B) and soil incorporation (I). Only the bulk density changed over time for both treatments, although the air capacity also changed for the incorporation of wheat residues. Residual effects of the autumnal soil tillage and soil compaction were a common source of variability, irrespective of which treatment was used. Based on the existing guidelines for evaluating the physical quality of these agricultural soils, optimal or near‐optimal values were detected in about half of the cases under consideration. This suggests that both B and I create sufficiently good conditions for crop growth during the crop cycle. The comparison between observed and optimal soil pore distribution function was always poor. The pore volume distributions showed lower densities of small pores and relatively higher densities of large pores than the proposed optimal distribution. This study also suggests that the considered optimal or references curves probably cannot be applied successfully to a wide range of agricultural soils.     

大体积进样离子色谱法测定饮用水中溴酸盐等7种无机阴离子

建立大体积进样,离子色谱法(IC)测定饮用水中不同数量级F-,BrO3-,Cl-,Br-,NO2-,NO3-,SO4-等7种无机阴离子的新方法。采用离子色谱碳酸盐等度淋洗系统,高容量色谱分析柱AS-23,DS5电导检测器,500μL定量环直接进样分析饮用水中7种无机阴离子的保留时间等,并通过峰面积法定量各种阴离子含量。该法各离子线性相关性好(R>0.999 0),精密度高(RSD<3.6%),准确度好(平均回收率96.5%～102.4%),检出限低(3.56～6.74μg/L,以500μL进样量计算)。可同时测定饮用水中不同数量级浓度的7种无机阴离子,检出限低,操作简便,快速准确,不仅能够满足水质监测要求,而且大幅提高检测效率。     

三北地区杨树速生林材积生长量与气候因子关系分析

应用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联度分析方法 ,对三北地区杨树速生林材积生长量与气候因子间的关系进行了定量分析 ,确定出影响材积生长量的主导气候因子为水分因子 ,光照因子次之 ,热量因子的影响最小     

Assessment of changes in blood volume in response to resuscitative fluid administration in dogs

Objective: To determine the continuous changes in blood volume in response to fluid administration using an in‐line hematocrit monitor. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Research laboratory. Animals: Four healthy dogs. Interventions: Each dog received intravenous boluses of 80 mL/kg of 0.9% saline (S), 4 mL/kg of 7.5% saline (HS), 20 mL/kg of dextran 70 (D), 20 mL/kg of hetastarch (HES), or no fluids (control, C) on separate occasions. Fluids were administered at 150 mL/min in the S, D, and HES groups, and at 1 mL/kg/min in the HS group. Measurements and main results: Blood volume changes were measured every 20 seconds for 240 minutes using an in‐line hematocrit monitor. There was a rapid rise in blood volume during all infusions. Immediately after the administration of crystalloid fluids, the rapid rise in blood volume ceased. Subsequently, there was a steep decline in blood volume for 10 minutes, and a slower decline thereafter. In contrast, the rise in blood volume continued for at least 10 minutes after the infusion of the colloids was complete, and a plateau was observed for the remainder of the experiment. The blood volume effect, as measured by area under the curve, was significantly greater in the saline group than the other groups during the infusion time and for the 0–240 minutes time period. The areas under the curve for the two colloid solutions were not significantly different from each other during any time periods. The percent increase in blood volume immediately following the infusions was 76.4±10.0 in the S group, 17.1±3.2 in the HS group, 23.0±10.5 in the D group, and 27.2±6.4 in the HES group. At 30 minutes from the start of the infusion, the mean percent increases in blood volumes were 35.2±9.3 in the S group, 12.3±0.9 in the HS group, 35.9±7.3 in the D group, and 36.8±6.5 in the HES group. At 240 h post‐infusion, the mean percent increases in blood volume were 18.0±9.7 in the S group, 2.9±6.1 in the HS group, 25.6±16.1 in the D group, and 26.6±8.6 in the HES group. The C group had a mean percent change in blood volume of ?3.7±3.4 at the end of the experiment. Conclusions: This study indicates that the rapid administration of saline at clinically relevant doses leads to the largest immediate increase in blood volume, although this change is transient because of rapid redistribution of the fluid. Despite a brief increase in blood volume that was almost 3 times the volume administered, hypertonic saline led to the smallest increase in blood volume post‐infusion. The synthetic colloid solutions increased the blood volume by an amount greater than that infused and the effect was sustained for a longer period of time than seen following crystalloid administration, but the maximum increase in blood volume was significantly less than saline. The measurement of continuous changes in blood volume, using an in‐line hematocrit monitor, was a useful means of assessing the dynamic effects of fluid administration in dogs in a research setting.     

干旱沙区农田防护林营建模式与经营评价研究

通过对干旱沙区人工绿洲农田防护林林木生长量的调查测定和样本树干解析数据,揭示了林木生长规律,建立了树干材积模型,为农田防护林合理更新提出了科学依据。利用相关依据指标,对现有农田防护林的营建模式进行了评价,提出了新的更新模式。