谈入世后国有森工企业如何做好木材营销工作

本文论述了入世后森工企业木材营销工作的对策，提出建立反应快捷的信息网络，并加强统一销售管理，整体运做，优化资源配置。     

混播人工草地不同方式放牧苏尼特羊生产效益趋势

以混播人工草地放牧苏尼特羊为样本,在相同载畜量条件下,连续3年测定连续放牧与划区轮牧两种不同管理模式下羊只的生产性能变化并分析成本与收益趋势。结果表明,试验羊体重、销售收入的最佳时间点为每年的9月初;销售收入随放牧年限增加而增加,但以当年9月出栏经济效益较佳。划区轮牧效益与收入均优于连续放牧,3年的纯收入分别高74.80元/只、39.38元/只和62.26元/只,销售收入分别高77.66元/只、32.56元/只和85.14元/只。商品羊成本主要由羔羊、人工、冬春季节补饲料三部分构成,占总成本95%。降雨量减少造成牧草产量下降,缩小了划区轮牧和连续放牧间的差异。     

电力市场竞争与营销策略

电力是国民经济的重要能源,把市场营销的观念引入电力企业中,充分发挥"电力先行"的职能,这是社会的需求和市场竞争的需要;针对当前电力市场的供求变化,结合未来的发展,在电力企业中实施积极有效的营销策略对电力体制改革有重要的促进意义。     

Introducing Cash Crops in Shifting Cultivation Regions – The Experience with Cardamom in Laos

Farmers are often blamed for destroying the tropical forest, especially in Laos. Converting shifting cultivation into cash crop based agriculture is frequently presented as the solution for merging forest protection and poverty alleviation, but many attempts have ended in failure. A rural development project has attempted to introduce medicinal cardamom (Amomum villosum) cultivation in the notably remote region of Phongsaly (northern Laos), for export to China. With nearly 300 ha planted, the crop now involves about 75% of the farmers in the region. Farmers fitted cardamom into their farming system, to suit their needs for sustainability with a crop compatible with existing practices. Results indicate that introducing a cash crop into a shifting cultivation region is possible if a greater attention is paid to: (i) appraise how the new crop fits into the farming systems; (ii) prioritise economic issues over agronomic matters, in particular identify markets, traders or commercial risks.     

基于竞争者导向的图书馆服务创新

简要介绍了市场营销中的竞争者导向概念,指出了新信息环境下图书馆应强化竞争意识,分析了信息服务市场中竞争者的产品和服务,提出了图书馆的应对策略。     

Media and social impact valuation of a living wall: The case study of the Sagrado Corazon hospital in Seville (Spain)

Vertical greening systems have increased in popularity during the last years due to their experienced added ecological and aesthetic value for current clients. The use of living walls is in line with a service sector focusing on environmental consciousness. Still, scientific evidence is lacking regarding the multiple benefits of LW. There is also a lingering fear of high installation and maintenance costs. Therefore, it is important to assess the intangible benefits that increase the value of living walls and, hence, of the place in which they are installed. The main objective of this work is the valuation of the returns obtained because of the publicity related to a living wall installed in the ‘Quirónsalud Sagrado Corazón’ Hospital in Seville (Spain) and the assessment of the public’s perception towards it. The investment that the hospital would have made in order to obtain a similar media impact has been estimated. The living wall proved to be very profitable in terms of publicity as the installation costs were recovered six times over. Also, the attitude towards the presence of such a greening system in the premises was assessed. To do so, 555 questionnaires were handed out face-to-face to patients, visitors and workers present at the hospital. Most participants concurred that the living wall induced positive reactions and improved their psychological well-being. Therefore, they completely agreed with the investment made by the hospital on such a vertical greening system.     

农民旅游市场定位与营销策略研究——以邯郸市为例

针对旅游规划与开发中对农民旅游者市场地位的忽略与漠视,采用市场调查法和访谈法,分析了邯郸农村居民的旅游需求和出游特征。结果显示:邯郸农民旅游者以中青年为主,出游目的主要为城市观光、商务旅游、宗教朝觐等,出游时间比较分散,出行方式以自助为主,对旅游产品价格敏感,旅游信息获取渠道狭窄,外出旅游存在一些困难。提出邯郸农民旅游市场拓展应将重点放在都市观光购物、农业科技演示学习、生态文明村参观、宗教旅游等产品的设计与开发上;认为邯郸市农民是最主要的目标人群,开发重点应放在中年人市场和中等收入阶层;最后提出了农民旅游市场开发在产品、宣传、价格、服务4个方面的营销策略。     

A seasonal model of contracts between a monopsonistic processor and smallholder pepper producers in Costa Rica

We model the contractual arrangements between smallholder pepper (Piper nigrum L.) producers and a single processor in Costa Rica. Producers in the El Roble settlement sell their pepper to only one processing firm, which exerts its monopsonistic bargaining power by setting the purchase price of fresh pepper. It also sets quality norms that result in the rejection of considerable amounts of the pepper produced by individual farmers. Because the firm is not able to produce its own raw pepper and requires a sufficiently stable flow of the fresh product to be processed into high quality white pepper, it usually relies on contracts with individual smallholders. Nevertheless, the latter considered collective marketing and took the initiative to propose a group contract with the firm. Such a contract increases the producers’ bargaining power vis-à-vis the processing firm and reduces rejection rates as more care is taken when transporting the pepper to be processed. Although a group contract causes the firm to lose part of its monopsonistic rents, it also reduces transaction costs as only one contract must be negotiated instead of many. Both the firm and the producers benefit, yet from the very beginning of the association, the producers breached the group contract. We have used a mixed integer linear model which, given a set of constraints, maximises the weighted sum of the expected incomes of the firm and producers. We modelled the contract chosen by the firm and the producers according to the conditions included, such as minimum income requirements and risk considerations of both processor and farmers. We calibrated the model with data from pepper producers and the firm in El Roble. The results show that at different fresh pepper prices, the contract preferred changes with the bargaining power attributed to the firm and smallholders. However, in general, it can be concluded that fresh pepper prices high enough to cover the costs, for the farmers, of a group contract lead to lower rejection rates, and thus to more pepper of an acceptable quality, increasing the incomes of both the processor and the farmers. This is also of interest in agricultural policy-making.     

关于河南省加快推进品牌强农的思考

随着农业现代化建设步伐加快,我国农业已进入品牌时代。品牌意味着知名度,意味着美誉度,能够提高农产品溢价能力,促进农民增收,是深入推进农业供给侧结构性改革、提升农业核心竞争力、实现农业高质量发展的必然选择。     

“食品市场营销”课程之互联网+营销模式实践

"互联网+"是经济社会发展的新形态,在新经济形态市场营销模式变革中,高职院校"食品市场营销"课程开启新一轮教学改革。以互联网+市场经济为背景,探索食品市场新的营销模式,开启"食品市场营销"课程开设期间不同营销模式实践。实践与调查分析结果显示,"互联网+"背景下,新的食品营销模式得到用户认可,学生营销能力得到快速提高,学生营销的食品销售量稳步提升,引导了大学生积极创业之路。