Resistance of bamboo scrimber against white-rot and brown-rot fungi

ABSTRACT

Bamboo scrimber is one of the most emerging structural materials for future building applications and it possesses properties comparable to other natural wood-based engineered materials such as glulam, laminated veneer lumber and cross-laminated timber. The goal of this work was to study the decay resistance of bamboo scrimber against white-rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown-rot fungi (Serpula lacrymans). Bamboo scrimber samples were incubated in petri dishes with the wood-decaying fungi and the weight loss after 12 weeks was measured. The surface morphology of fungal-degraded bamboo scrimber was evaluated using optical microscopy. Based on the percentage weight loss, bamboo scrimber could be classified as highly resistant against bio-deterioration by white and brown-rot fungi.     

Structure of xylan from culms of bamboo grass (Sasa senanensis Rehd.)

Xylan prepared from culms of kumaizasa (Sasa senanensis Rehd.), a representative species of bamboo grass, was hydrolyzed with-xylanase ofStreptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86. Four arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides and two glucuronoxylo-oligosaccharides were isolated from the enzymatic hydrolysate of the xylan by chromatography on a charcoal column, a Dowex 1-x8 column, a Toyo-pearl HW-40S column, and a LiChrospher 100 NH₂ column and on preparative paper chromatography. The results of the structural analyses of the saccharides showed that the isolated oligosaccharides had the structures of 3²--l-arabinofuranosyl-xylobiose, 3²--l-arabinofuranosyl-xylotriose, 3²--[-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 2)-l-arabinofuranosyl]-xylobiose, 3³--[-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 2)-l-arabinofuranosyl]-xylotriose, 2³--4-O-methyl-d-glucuronosyl-xylotriose, and 2³--d-glucuronosyl-xylotriose. From the structural analysis of the oligosaccharides derived from the xylan, kumaizasa xylan was concluded to be a kind of arabinoglucuronoxylan having not only stubs of singlel-arabinose and singled-glucuronic acid but also stubs of disaccharide units such as-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 2)-l-arabinofuranose.     

竹子试管苗开花的初步研究

麻竹试管苗经3年在高浓度BA的培养基中培养，保存下来的16个无性系都出现开花现象，开花迟早跟无性系的繁芽能力有关，繁芽能力强的无性系较早开花，繁芽能力弱的无性系较迟开花。但这样诱导出来的花质量不好，不能用于授粉。当降低培养基中BA的用量，增加KT、NAA、椰乳，使花芽在营养比较丰富的培养基上培养，花的质量得到明显改善，但也伴随着出现书柜生殖生长向营养生长逆转的现象，逆转的程度与KT的用量有关，当KT0．5mg/l时只表现花枝增长，当KT1．25mg/l时，花枝上长出许多新的营养枝。这一现象表明细胞分裂素BA、KT在竹子组织培养过程中的作用不是完全相同的，BA有利于花芽分化，而KT则有利于营养生长的改善。     

笋用竹林培育研究现状

从良种繁育、结构控制、环境控制 3个途径综述了国内外近 15年来对笋用丰产林研究的状况 ,探讨了笋用林培育的研究方向 ,为笋用林的丰产、优质、高效培育研究提供依据     

雷笋膳食纤维的制备工艺及其特性研究

以雷笋笋肉及加工后的下脚料笋壳等为原料,探讨了制取雷笋膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件。通过正交试验设计,采用绿色木霉发酵法制备雷笋膳食纤维,并对其化学成分、持水力、溶胀性、对重金属束缚能力等特性进一步研究。结果表明:最佳发酵条件为8%的接种量,于32℃,pH为7.0条件下培养48 h;产品的膳食纤维含量为85.23%,可溶性膳食纤维为30.43%,持水力和溶胀性分别达到7.82 g/g和689 mL/g,对重金属Cd2+和Pb2+的最大束缚量分别为38.8μmol/g和37.4μmol/g。     

竹醋液对田间防治斜纹夜蛾和茶小绿叶蝉的增效研究

 分别在棉田和茶园开展了添加不同浓度的竹醋液对5%氟铃尿防治斜纹夜蛾1~2龄幼虫和10%吡虫啉防治茶小绿叶蝉的增效研究，结果表明：5%氟铃尿添加稀释400倍竹醋液防治斜纹夜蛾1~2龄幼虫，施药后7d增效作用显著，施用农药推荐剂量的一半可达到推荐剂量的防效。10%吡虫啉添加稀释400倍竹醋液防治茶园茶小绿叶蝉，施药后1d、3d和7d、11d增效作用均显著，施药后1d、3d施用农药推荐剂量的一半可达到推荐剂量的防效，但添加稀释600倍竹醋液，施药后1d增效作用显著，施药后3d、7d和11d增效作用不显著。     

绥江县竹产业建设进程与模式的思考

绥江位于国家重点工程向家坝,溪洛渡电站之间。在两站建设期间,绥江将再用5~8 a时间培植后续产业,改善库区生态环境。分析绥江县提出竹产业化发展背景,总结了竹产业建设中存在的问题与发展模式,在观念改变和机制创新,引导、形成经营者成为产业投入主体,强化科技支撑,培植资源,建立市场运行与服务体系等方面进行了探讨。     

苏州园林植竹造景史考

根据历史文献和实物资料,考证和探讨了苏州园林植竹造景的历史。     

竹编胶合板模板开发技术

竹编胶合板模板是一种新型的建筑板材,具有良好的物理力学性质,可代替传统的建筑模板节约大量木材。本文主要阐述竹编胶合板模板的生产工艺、主要工艺分析、所需设备材料及其综合性评价。     

竹材利用标准及其国际标准化的需要

文章阐明了制定竹材利用标准的意义、原则和思路,分析了我国竹材利用标准的现状,并对标准所涉及的内容进行了描述。通过与印度竹材物理力学性质标准的对比,和试验验证加载速度对竹材力学性质测试结果的影响,指出了我国竹材利用标准的不足及竹材利用标准的国际标准化的需要。