改善E1级胶合板用UF胶粘剂预压性能的研究

利用氧化淀粉在树脂合成后期、API在调胶时加入分别对脲醛树脂进行改性，探讨改性UF对胶合板预压强度的影响。采用正交实验法对比改性后胶合板的预压性能和改性后胶合板的甲醛释放量的变化。结果表明：随着API量的加大，胶合板的预压性能得以提高；而氧化淀粉改性后则随着量的加大，一定范围内胶合板的预压性能得以提高，加入量继续加大后反而下降。     

Effect of resin‐top disease caused by Peridermium pini on the volume and value of Pinus sylvestris saw timber and pulpwood

The role of the resin‐top disease caused by Peridermium pini in volume and value losses to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was surveyed in two heavily infected stands in northern Finland. Of the Scots pines, 26% were infected by the disease. Peridermium pini caused 2% volume losses to saw timber trees and 3% volume losses to pulpwood trees in the stem‐lesion class and 10% and 14% in the dead‐top class, respectively. The disease caused saw timber volume losses to saw timber trees of 34% and 22% in the stem‐lesion and dead‐top class, respectively. However, saw timber volume losses increased the pulpwood volume in both disease classes. The disease reduced the marketing value of saw timber trees and pulpwood trees by 18% and 3% in the stem‐lesion class and by 15% and 14% in the dead‐top class.     

Bacteria inhabiting artificially inoculated xylem of Picea abies

Bacteria inhabiting the xylem of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karsten) were investigated. The trees had been wounded and artificially inoculated with fungi and bacteria obtained from wounds of naturally infected spruce. One and five growing seasons after inoculation the Gram‐negative bacterial population present in the stem of inoculated trees were analysed.

The Gram‐negative bacteria isolated from the trees were identified on the basis of morphological, biochemical and physiological tests and whole‐cell fatty acid composition. The predominant strains were Enterobacteriaceae fermenter strains (E. agglomerans or E. sakazakii), fluorescent and yellow pigmented Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Moraxella spp. All Gram‐positive bacteria were Bacillus species.

The Gram‐negative bacteria of Norway spruce differed from the Gram‐positive species in possessing stronger lipolytic activity and in their ability to utilize pine resins for growth. Gram‐positive bacteria were generally able to utilise cellulose and hemicellulose, whereas among the Gram‐negative bacteria only one xylanolytic (yellow Pseudomonas) strain was found.     

环氧树脂复合富马海松酸改性水性聚氨酯的合成及性能研究

以环氧树脂(E-51)和富马海松酸聚酯多元醇为原料,制备了环氧树脂复合富马海松酸改性水性聚氨酯,并探讨了环氧树脂E-51添加量对复合乳液和漆膜性能的影响。结果显示当E-51添加量为3%时,漆膜的吸水率为10.2%,拉伸强度为35.6 MPa,断裂伸长率为410.2%,摆杆硬度为0.89。通过傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)及同步热分析仪(TGA)对样品的形态及结构进行了表征。结果表明:环氧树脂中的羟基和环氧基参与了反应,部分发生交联形成网络结构;随着环氧树脂添加量的增大,制备的复合乳液粒径增大,粒径分布变宽;同时改性后的复合漆膜的耐水性、热力学稳定性、力学性能及耐化学溶剂性增强。     

桐油酰亚胺酚醛树脂耐热性研究

采用创新工艺，以廉价二胺和马来酸酐为原料，合成成本低廉的新型双马来酰亚胺（ABMI）。以此双马来酰亚胺与桐油及酚醛树脂反应，制备了具有较好耐热性的桐油酰亚胺酚醛树脂。重点讨论了不同原料，如桐油、双马来酰亚胺及酚醛树脂的用量、固化反应温度及固化反应时间等因素对树脂耐热性的影响。当桐油、双马来酰亚胺、酚醛树脂的质量比为1：0．3：0．2，温度180℃烘烤3h固化时，所得树脂具有较好的耐热性，温度指数可达168℃。     

丙酮溶剂提取辣椒油树脂工艺的研究

以丙酮为提取剂,提取辣椒油树脂,以辣椒素含量为参数,优化工艺参数。实验表明,丙酮法提取辣椒油树脂最佳实验室条件为:原料粒度过60目筛,丙酮体积分数为85%,提取温度为50℃,固液比为1∶6,提取时间为90min。     

阴离子交换树脂对米糠植酸的吸附解吸性能

通过静态和动态试验研究了6种阴离子交换树脂对植酸的吸附与解吸性能.结果表明,D201树脂对植酸的吸附交换作用较好,且在pH值为2.2时吸附能力最强,静态吸附量达到94.54 mg/g,1.5 mol/L的NaOH溶液利于植酸解吸;Freundlich吸附等温方程可以较好地描述D201树脂对植酸的等温吸附,表明吸附在常温下进行即可;D201树脂对植酸的吸附过程符合Lagergren一级速率方程,表观吸附速率常数k与植酸起始植酸浓度呈负相关关系,与温度呈正相关关系.在D201树脂对植酸的动态吸附与解吸过程中,层析柱管径、上样液浓度、上样液流速和洗脱剂流速对吸附与解吸效果影响较大.     

大孔树脂分离纯化柚皮黄酮的研究

该文以总黄酮含量和总黄酮回收率为考察指标，研究了大孔树脂分离纯化柚皮黄酮的工艺。结果表明：AB-8型树脂对柚皮总黄酮有较好的吸附分离性能，是分离纯化柚皮黄酮的适宜大孔树脂；AB-8型大孔树脂分离纯化柚皮黄酮的最佳工艺条件为：柱体积为160 mL，柚皮提取物上样量为62.5 mg/mL(以湿树脂体积计)，先用pH 4的水淋洗，再用30%的乙醇洗脱，洗脱剂用量为2.5～3倍湿树脂体积。AB-8大孔树脂按上述确定的吸附洗脱条件可重复使用3次。柚皮黄酮经上述工艺纯化后总黄酮含量达到39.67%，总黄酮回收率为62.48%。对经AB-8大孔树脂纯化后的柚皮黄酮进行高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析发现，柚皮黄酮主要为黄酮甙类。     

热固性树脂包膜控释肥料肥效期的快速预测方法

采用静水溶出率的方法,在25℃、40℃、60℃7、0℃、80℃和100℃条件下,探讨了控释肥料中养分累积释放率与温度的变化规律,以期建立控释肥料肥效期或养分释放期的快速预测方法。结果表明,从低温到高温的各种温度处理下,Scotts公司的Osmocote热固性树脂包膜控释肥料养分累积释放曲线都呈二次曲线,相关指数R2均大于0.996。温度与包膜控释肥料肥效期间呈极显著的负相关,并符合一元二次方程,相关指数R2大于0.993。在高温下培养3或8.h建立的预测预报回归方程,可以快速而准确地预测预报包膜控释肥料在常温下(25℃)的肥效期,预测值与实测值只相差2.4.d;而习惯上的微分溶出率法却相差29～42.d。表明用高温下的肥效期预测预报回归法可以在数小时内准确、迅速地预测控释肥料的肥效期。同时该方法可作为控释肥料在线生产质量控制和市场上控释肥料质量检验的候选方法。