21世纪毛竹林生态经营战略

本文针对当前毛竹经营特点与经营现状，提出了21世纪毛竹经营应实施生态经营，这样不权可以获得最高的竹林经济效益和社会效益，也能发挥最大的效益。     

竹类植物种质资源的收集及其利用研究

江苏省林业科学研究院竹类植物种质资源圃始建于20世纪70年代初期,至1989年底,共收集引进保存了4属26个竹种,保存圃面积0.667hm2。从2004~2006年,进一步扩建竹类植物种质资源圃,面积达4.0 hm2,现有竹类植物22属98种(含变种或变型),且竹种成活率、保存率较高。分别简要介绍了各个竹种主要用途及其配置方式与竹种选择,并提出了相关开发利用的建议。     

国内外竹材造纸及其经济效益评价

本文根据国内外(包括中国、印度、日本、孟加拉国、缅甸、菲律宾、澳大利亚、苏联等)报道的竹材制浆造纸方面资料综合而成。文章内容有引言、竹材纤维形态与化学成分、世界竹材造纸工业简况和造纸竹材利用的经济效益。文章列举大量事实说明造纸工业用竹材为原料比用针叶材或阔叶材经济效益高。     

滇东北竹类新分类群

本文发表了产于云南昭通地区的竹子7新种和1新变型:少刺方竹Chimonobambusa paucispinosa,荆竹Qiongzhuea montig-ena,棱纹玉山竹Yushania grummata,亮绿玉山竹Yushanialaetevirens,泡滑竹Yushania mitis,黄壳竹Yushania strami-nea,绥江玉山竹Yushania suijiangensis,裸箨海竹Yushaniaqiaojiaensis f.nuda。这些新分类群都用中文和拉丁文描述。它们均分布于海拔较高的中山区。     

茶秆竹竹鞭生长规律的研究

通过对茶秆竹鞭系结构的研究 ,结果表明 ,茶秆竹鞭系结构较为合理 ,鞭系以介于 4～ 8m的中型鞭为主 ,幼壮龄鞭段主要分布在 0～ 30 cm的土层中 ;2～ 4级的鞭系占 5 1.9% ,二侧分叉的鞭段数占优势 ,随着鞭龄的增大 ,分叉趋于复杂 ;竹林以壮、中龄鞭为主 ,鞭龄与鞭级呈反相关 ;鞭芽的死亡率较高 ,壮龄鞭的成竹率可达 2 6 .2 5 %。据此 ,控制竹林密度 ,调节鞭系结构 ,清除老鞭 ,提高壮、中龄鞭比例是竹林抚育的关键措施     

竹提取物抗菌杀虫性能的研究进展

竹子不同部位含有特征性的生物活性成分,将其开发成天然食品防腐剂和杀虫剂已成为当今的研究热点,该文综述了竹叶提取物、竹醋液、竹皮提取物的抑菌、杀虫作用及其相关研究进展,以期为竹子提取物在食品添加剂和生物农药领域的应用提供信息。     

竹纤维--一种纺织新材料

竹纤维是一种新型的绿色环保纤维,它具有良好的服用性能,是一种有着广泛应用前景的纺织纤维,该文介绍了竹纤维的种类、结构特点以及竹纤维织物的一些特性.     

Resistance of bamboo scrimber against white-rot and brown-rot fungi

ABSTRACT

Bamboo scrimber is one of the most emerging structural materials for future building applications and it possesses properties comparable to other natural wood-based engineered materials such as glulam, laminated veneer lumber and cross-laminated timber. The goal of this work was to study the decay resistance of bamboo scrimber against white-rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown-rot fungi (Serpula lacrymans). Bamboo scrimber samples were incubated in petri dishes with the wood-decaying fungi and the weight loss after 12 weeks was measured. The surface morphology of fungal-degraded bamboo scrimber was evaluated using optical microscopy. Based on the percentage weight loss, bamboo scrimber could be classified as highly resistant against bio-deterioration by white and brown-rot fungi.     

Structure of xylan from culms of bamboo grass (Sasa senanensis Rehd.)

Xylan prepared from culms of kumaizasa (Sasa senanensis Rehd.), a representative species of bamboo grass, was hydrolyzed with-xylanase ofStreptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86. Four arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides and two glucuronoxylo-oligosaccharides were isolated from the enzymatic hydrolysate of the xylan by chromatography on a charcoal column, a Dowex 1-x8 column, a Toyo-pearl HW-40S column, and a LiChrospher 100 NH₂ column and on preparative paper chromatography. The results of the structural analyses of the saccharides showed that the isolated oligosaccharides had the structures of 3²--l-arabinofuranosyl-xylobiose, 3²--l-arabinofuranosyl-xylotriose, 3²--[-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 2)-l-arabinofuranosyl]-xylobiose, 3³--[-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 2)-l-arabinofuranosyl]-xylotriose, 2³--4-O-methyl-d-glucuronosyl-xylotriose, and 2³--d-glucuronosyl-xylotriose. From the structural analysis of the oligosaccharides derived from the xylan, kumaizasa xylan was concluded to be a kind of arabinoglucuronoxylan having not only stubs of singlel-arabinose and singled-glucuronic acid but also stubs of disaccharide units such as-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 2)-l-arabinofuranose.     

竹子试管苗开花的初步研究

麻竹试管苗经3年在高浓度BA的培养基中培养，保存下来的16个无性系都出现开花现象，开花迟早跟无性系的繁芽能力有关，繁芽能力强的无性系较早开花，繁芽能力弱的无性系较迟开花。但这样诱导出来的花质量不好，不能用于授粉。当降低培养基中BA的用量，增加KT、NAA、椰乳，使花芽在营养比较丰富的培养基上培养，花的质量得到明显改善，但也伴随着出现书柜生殖生长向营养生长逆转的现象，逆转的程度与KT的用量有关，当KT0．5mg/l时只表现花枝增长，当KT1．25mg/l时，花枝上长出许多新的营养枝。这一现象表明细胞分裂素BA、KT在竹子组织培养过程中的作用不是完全相同的，BA有利于花芽分化，而KT则有利于营养生长的改善。