不同制备方法对金樱子多糖体外抗氧化活性的影响

[目的]探讨不同制备方法提取的金樱子多糖体外抗氧化活性.[方法]采用DPPH自由基、羟自由基(爛OH)及脂质氧化体系作为体外抗氧化模型,测定金樱子粗多糖、水溶性多糖、脂溶性多糖及混合多糖清除DPPH自由基和爛OH的清除率及脂质抗氧化能力.[结果]在一定浓度范围内,随着各组待测溶液中多糖浓度的提高,清除DPPH自由基及爛OH的能力逐步增强,其中混合多糖活性最高;在脂质抗氧化能力方面,脂溶性多糖活性最强.[结论]金樱子多糖具有良好的抗氧化能力,不同制备方法所得的金樱子多糖抗氧化活性不同.     

溪荪新品种‘纯心’

‘纯心’是从溪荪自然杂交实生后代中选育出的浅紫花色的新品种,5年生植株盛花期株高68 cm,茎高60 cm,株丛冠幅56 ~ 58 cm。每株丛花葶数15 ~ 25,单葶花2或3朵,花径9.8 cm。花形紧凑,外花被浅紫色,边缘渐白色,内花被近白色,花柱整体白色,在中轴线的两侧是浅藕荷色。花期6—7月,果期9—10月,连续花期20 d左右。适宜在中国北方地区推广应用,东北地区可露地栽培。     

西南鸢尾花色变异实时定量PCR内参基因的筛选与验证

为筛选适用于不同花色西南鸢尾花色合成途径相关基因表达分析的内参基因,本研究根据西南鸢尾及其白花变型白花西南鸢尾花蕾组织的转录组测序数据,筛选了6个常用内参基因(ɑ-TUB、β-TUB、AQP、ACT、GAPDH、UBQ),同时以百合18S做为对照内参基因,在西南鸢尾及其白花变型白花西南鸢尾的花蕾组织中,分别通过反转录PCR(RT-PCR)初筛和RT-qPCR检测表达量,并利用geNorm、NormFinder和BestKeeper软件对7个候选内参基因的稳定性进行评价。RT-PCR初筛结果显示,7个候选内参基因引物的特异性均较好,在6个样品间没有明显差异;RT-qPCR分析表明,7个候选内参基因的表达量存在一定差异,其中18S表达量最高,UBQ最低;geNorm、NormFinder和BestKeeper分析结果表明,ACT表现最稳定,最适合做为内参基因,β-TUB相对稳定性最低;以Actin为内参对西南鸢尾类黄酮/花青素和类胡萝卜素2类色素合成途径中部分相关基因的RT-qPCR分析结果与转录组测序结果相一致。本研究为鸢尾属植物花色素合成相关基因表达分析内参基因的筛选以及鸢尾属植物资源利用和花色育种研究提供了理论参考。     

Characterization of tetraploid plants regenerated via protoplast culture of Iris fulva and their crossability with Japanese irises

Characteristics such as flower form, size and color of outer and inner perianths, anthocyanins in outer perianths, size, color and fertility of pollen and self-fertility of diploid and tetraploid lines regenerated via protoplast culture of Iris fulva were examined and compared with those of the diploid wild line. Among these characteristics, flower form, inner and outer perianth sizes of the tetraploid lines were noticeable, because these lines had upward flower forms and bigger flowers than diploid lines. Furthermore, reciprocal crosses between diploid or tetraploid lines of I. fulva and I. ensata and those of I. fulva and I. laevigata were performed. Three seedlings were obtained from the cross of tetraploid I. fulva × diploid I. laevigata through embryo rescue. One of them was identified as the interspecific hybrid between tetraploid I. fulva and I. laevigata by flow cytometoric (FCM), cytological and molecular (RAPD) analyses. This is the first report on production of hybrids from these lines. I. fulva has unique brown flowers, and this trait could be very useful for flower color breeding of I. laevigata which lacks this color. Therefore, the hybrid of I. fulva (4×) × I. laevigata may be the best available gene source for brown color breeding of this species.     

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oil from the Rhizomes of Iris bulleyana

Iris bulleyana has long been used as a remedy for detoxication and detumescence. Hydrodistillation was used to extract the essential oil from its rhizomes, and 0.23% oil yield was obtained. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC- MS） analysis, 31 chemicals including aristolone, cuparene, β-gurjunene, δ-amorphene, α-muurolene, α-cadinol, camphor, γ-elemene, and τ-cadinol were identified. The essential oil exhibited antibacterial activity against Acetobacter calcoacetica, Bacillus subtillis, Clostridium sporogenes, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Its antifungal and antioxidant activities were also tested.     

长白鸢尾开花的生物学特性及花粉生活力

以长白鸢尾(Irismandshurica)为试材,对其开花的全过程进行观察与分析。采用TTC法和KI-I2法测定花粉生活力。经研究发现:花粉生活力随时间的延续逐渐下降;于黑暗、低温的冰箱中4℃贮藏的花粉在24h内仍能保持30%以上的生活力;长白鸢尾花的开放受气候因素影响较大。     

马蔺种子特性研究

本文对马蔺种子的颜色、形状、饱满度和含水量等一般特性进行了研究,旨在为鉴别马蔺种子质量,探讨出苗规律提供依据.     

打破马蔺种子深度休眠及播种技术的研究

马蔺种子有深度休眠的特性,当年播种出苗率极低,为探讨打破种子深度休眠措施,我们试用了浓硫酸脱皮、沙藏层积、拌雪埋藏等不同试验措施,试验结果表明:用拌雪埋藏技术措施效果最好,可使种子发芽率达到83%~87%,而对照仅为1%~3%,播种结果与发芽率试验结果一致,可以在生产中推广应用。     

6种宿根花卉挥发性物质抑菌效应初报

 研究陕西关中地区常见的6种宿根花卉植物叶片的挥发性物质对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC29213 菌株、大肠杆菌DH10B、枯草芽孢杆菌FM2S2及酿酒酵母菌的抑制作用, 结果显示: 6种植物对供试微生物都有一定的抑制效果, 其中秋菊‘贵妃红’、‘美丽芍药’、‘金娃娃’萱草、‘金娃娃’萱草+ ‘美丽芍药’、‘短茎鸢尾’ + ‘美丽芍药’的抑制效果较为明显, 抑菌率可达30%以上。     

马蔺种子的休眠特性及提高发芽率的研究

对马蔺种子的发芽率及休眠原因进行分析研究,结果表明:马蔺种子在正常情况下很难发芽,存在休眠现象,属综合性休眠;磨破种皮、赤霉素浸种、浓硫酸浸种均能提高马蔺种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数。用浓度为75×10-6的赤霉素浸种能显著提高马蔺种子的发芽率。用浓硫酸浸泡马蔺种子,最适处理时间为1h,发芽率最高。