Effects of agriculture,climate, and policy on NDVI change in a semi-arid river basin of the Chinese Loess Plateau

In 1999, the Grain for Green Project was implemented by the Chinese government. Since then, the vegetation of Zuli River Basin, a semi-arid river basin of the Chinese Loess Plateau, has been greatly changed. Clearly understanding the impact of natural and artificial factors on vegetation change is important for policy making and ecosystem management. In this study, spatio-temporal variations in vegetation cover in Chinese Zuli River Basin during 1999–2016 were investigated using Landsat normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data. Analyses of several indicators, including changes in NDVI in different slopes and land use changes and the relationships between climatic factors and NDVI change, were presented to quantitatively evaluate the effects of agriculture, climate, and policy on NDVI change. The NDVI in the Zuli River Basin increased during the study period, and the main contributors to this change were forest in 1999–2011, cropland, abandoned farmland, and grassland in 2009–2016, and land with slopes ≤ 15°. Land with slope > 15°, where the “Project” was implemented, slightly contributed to the increase in regional NDVI. In 1999–2011, the project (?98.16%) combined with climate change (?68.18%) showed negative effects on the increase in NDVI in the Zuli River Basin, but agriculture (22.28%) played a positive role in increasing this index. In 2009–2016 and 1999–2016, the project (38.45% and 35.25%, respectively), the project combined with climate change (49.83% and 46.30%, respectively), agriculture (18.61% and 23.30%, respectively), promoted increases in NDVI in the basin.     

气象因子对寒地水稻鞘腐病发生的影响

为明确主要气象因子对黑龙江省水稻主产区水稻鞘腐病发生的影响,从2007年开始连续10年进行定点调查,收集水稻鞘腐病发生时期的气象因子及病情指数,采用通径分析及逐步回归的方法,对影响水稻鞘腐病病情指数的气象因子进行了研究。结果表明,8月份的平均温度是对水稻鞘腐病影响最大的气象因子,其次为8月份的平均降雨量和9月份的平均日照时数。试验结果为适期施药防治水稻鞘腐病奠定了基础。     

2007-2017年洞庭湖平原耕地生态安全评价及障碍因子诊断

[目的]研究洞庭湖平原耕地生态安全状况,并诊断其障碍因子,为区域耕地合理利用和耕地污染治理提供参考依据.[方法]基于DPSIR模型构建洞庭湖平原耕地生态安全评价指标体系,从县域尺度,采用基于熵权的改进TOPSIS模型测度洞庭湖平原2007-2017年耕地生态安全指数,并采用障碍度模型诊断耕地生态安全状态的主要障碍因子....     

绥芬河国家森林公园生态因子效应分析

对绥芬河国家森林公园典型样地及绥芬河市区典型对照样地的空气负离子密度、温度、湿度、二氧化碳体积分数和噪音进行了测量,并分析了森林公园与市区样地中各生态因子的日变化规律,比较了森林公园与市区、森林公园内典型样地间的空气负离子密度、温度、湿度、二氧化碳体积分数及噪音在监测时段的发生量。结果表明,森林公园与市区样地的温度、湿度日变化规律基本一致。森林公园和市区的空气负离子密度、二氧化碳体积分数和环境噪音具有各自的日变化规律。绥芬河国家森林公园空气质量和生态效益整体上高于市区。     

重庆市璧山县农户农地流转意愿研究

农地流转是解决农村土地利用细碎化、撂荒及闲置的有效途径,对于优化土地资源配置,提高土地利用率有重要的现实意义.作为农地流转的供给者,农户农地流转意愿对农地使用权流转有着根本性的影响.文章以重庆市璧山县为例,通过对5个镇156户农户的随机抽样调研,采用Logistic回归模型定量分析了影响农户农地流转意愿的因素,以期为加快农地流转和培育农地流转市场提供量化的依据和支持.     

玉米新品种铜玉一号不同密度、肥料用量研究

运用三元二次正交回归旋转组合设计,研究铜玉一号玉米新品种产量与种植密度、施氮量、施钾量等主要栽培因素间的关系,建立了各因素与产量指标的数学模式:Y=8.173-0.084X1+0.444X2+0.015X3-0.115X1X2-0.073X1X3-0.268X2X3-0.301X21-0.124X22+0.084X23;确立了铜玉一号高产栽培合理的种植密度和施肥量的优化方案:种植密度为3 300株/667 m2,施氮量为30 kg/667 m2,施KC l量为15 kg/667 m2。在这一组合措施下,可获得10 160 kg/hm2的最高产量。各因素对铜玉一号产量的影响为施氮量插秧规格(密度)施钾量。     

植物CBF转录因子及其在植物抗寒性中的作用

综述了CBF转录因子研究进展,介绍了CBF转录因子的分离鉴定、表达、结构特点以及其在植物抗寒性中的作用机制。     

吸器诱导因子对管花肉苁蓉吸器形成的影响

将萌发2 d的管花肉苁蓉芽管用6-苄氨基嘌呤、2,6-二甲氧基对苯醌、细胞分裂素、间苯二酚、槲皮素处理24 h,以2,7二氯氢化荧光素乙二脂作为荧光探针,用激光共聚焦显微镜对芽管中的活性氧进行定位和定量测定;同时统计处理5 d后芽管形成吸器的数量,以探讨吸器诱导因子对管花肉苁蓉芽管活性氧含量及吸器建成的影响。结果表明：芽管顶端感受吸器诱导因子刺激,而迅速膨大形成吸器,2,6-二甲氧基对苯醌处理吸器诱导率最高,为80%;依次为Kinetin和6-BA,为76%;槲皮素和间苯二酚,为60%。激光共聚焦显微镜检测活性氧含量表明,芽管顶端是产生活性氧的主要部位,槲皮素处理的芽管H2O2分泌量最高,依次为间苯二酚、6-BA、Kinetin和DMBQ。可见吸器诱导因子可以提高管花肉苁蓉芽管的吸器诱导率。