动物干扰素原核表达及其产物制备方法研究进展

文章对重组动物干扰素基因序列的改造、原核表达条件的筛选、原核表达产物制备方法的研究及大规模生产工艺的研发等方面的发展状况进行了概述,旨在为其大规模生产提供一定的理论依据。     

利用根管法对油菜和冬小麦苗期根系形态的研究

快速、准确的根系原位观测方法是根系研究中的重要技术,本研究介绍了一种根管盆栽方法,该方法在透明PVC管内种植作物,通过遮光膜保持管内黑暗环境,以实现在作物生长过程中对其根系生长的原位动态观测,且根系生长环境更接近田间实际情况,并可通过改变根管长度、半径等将其应用于田间深根作物的研究中。利用此方法、结合根系扫描技术分析了油菜和冬小麦从发芽到出苗后16 d时的根系生长情况。结果表明,出苗后7和16 d冬小麦根系和地上部干物重均大于油菜,出苗后16 d冬小麦和油菜根冠比分别为0.513和0.372。大部分根系分布在0~16 cm表层土壤中,出苗后16 d冬小麦和油菜表层土壤中的根长在总根长中的比例分别为62.60%和67.76%,根系总表面积、总体积和一级侧根数均为表层土壤中占比最多,在出苗后7 d,总根长、总表面积、总体积和一级侧根数均为冬小麦显著高于油菜,而在出苗后16 d,两种作物的总根长和总表面积差别不大,说明油菜根系生长呈先缓后快趋势。表层土壤中根系平均直径小于底层土壤,油菜根系平均直径小于冬小麦,油菜和冬小麦的根系直径均大部分在0~0.50 mm之间,随着根系生长,较细的侧根逐渐增多,根系平均直径变小。出苗后16 d内的冬小麦根系伸长速率为1.83 cm/d,大于油菜的1.51 cm/d。因此,冬小麦苗期根系生长快于油菜,油菜根系呈先缓后快的生长特性。本研究介绍的根管法是一种原位研究根系的有效方法。     

Influence of feeding regime on timing of parturition in beef cattle and the relationship of vaginal temperature to parturition

The timing of parturition was recorded for a total of 56 beef cattle (Japanese Black × Holstein Friesian) on different dietary treatments. The rate of calving during daylight hours in cows night‐fed (18.00 hours) with a roughage diet was significantly higher than that in cows night‐fed with a high concentrate diet (79.2% vs 38.5%, P < 0.05). Subsequently, the vaginal temperature (VT) of these cows was analyzed using a cosinor method. When the feeding schedule was changed from twice daily (08.30 and 15.30 hours) to night feeding, the periodicity, the acrophase and the bathyphase, which were the parameters of the cosine curve, were unstable from the first day of night feeding until after day 6 (P < 0.05). Prior to parturition, the midline‐estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR) and the amplitude for the cows that were fed a high‐roughage diet at night and that calved at night‐time were lower and larger, respectively, than that for the other treatments (P < 0.01). Based on these results, the time of parturition in most of the beef cows was influenced by feeding time and diet composition. Those cows that calved at night‐time in spite of night feeding had lower vaginal temperatures.     

牛奶中蛋白质含量的直接电位测定方法研究

在碱性条件下牛奶中的两性氨基酸与甲醛溶液反应,氨基上的两个氢原子被次甲基所取代,失去了氨基的碱性特性,释放出游离的羧基,从而使牛奶的电化学特性发生变化。据此,笔者提出并建立了一种全新的快速测定牛奶中蛋白质含量的直接电位方法。实验研究结果表明,其蛋白质含量的线性测定范围为2.4～3.0%,回收率高达95%以上。该方法具有操作使用简单方便快捷准确等特点,在乳品企业的生产实践中具有一定的推广使用价值。     

饲料中维生素A分析方法研究进展

本文介绍了维生素A的测定方法,包括比色法、紫外分光光度法、近红外光谱法和高效液相色谱法等。     

PST脂质体在猪血浆中稳定性的研究

本文旨在通过逆相蒸发法制备PST脂质体，通过测定酸价，丙二醛含量的变化，并做了猪血浆体外24h实验，验证了PST脂质体在血浆中能稳定存在，为PST脂质体的临床应用作初步的研究。     

硫酸多粘菌素E在猪体内的药代动力学和生物利用度研究

健康断奶仔猪 5头 ,分别进行单剂量肌注 (2 5和 5 0mg/kgb .w .)和静注 (2 5mg/kgb .w .)给药 ,并用微生物学方法对硫酸多粘菌素E在猪体内的药代动力学和绝对生物利用度进行了研究。以 3P97程序处理血药浓度—时间数据 ,结果表明 ,以 2 5和 5 0mg/kgb .w .的剂量肌注给药时 ,其血清中药物的峰浓度 (Cmax)分别为 3 73± 0 2 8μg/ml和 6 40± 0 1 8μg/ml,达峰时间分别为 32 2 2± 1 51min和 34 1 8± 1 76min ,消除半衰期 (t1 / 2 β)为 2 55 99± 1 3 65min和 2 64 0 8± 2 8 57min ;以 2 5mg/kgb .w .的剂量静注给药时 ,其消除半衰期 (t1 / 2 β)为 2 51 2 8± 1 2 53min。静注和肌注在体内的分布均为一级吸收二室模型。肌注 2 5和 5 0mg/kgb .w .剂量的注射液时 ,其平均绝对生物利用度分别为 98 30 %和 88 54 %。     

花尾榛鸡的救助方法

花尾榛鸡是国家Ⅱ级保护动物，由于非法盗猎、天敌的侵害、严寒的影响，使花尾榛鸡受到伤害，因此需要采取多种方法进行人为救助。     

微生物法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中的生物素、叶酸和VB12

目的:采用微生物法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中生物素、叶酸和VB12.方法:利用不同乳酸菌对特定维生素具有敏感性的特点,通过测定菌株的生长变化来反映样品中相应微生物的维生素含量,对市售的13种婴幼儿配方乳粉维生素进行测定.结果:微生物法对于生物素和VB12测定数据更稳定,重复性好,生物素相对标准偏差为0.056％～4.158％,VB12的相对标准偏差范围为0.112％～3.848％,而叶酸的检测数据之间波动稍大,相对标准偏差为1.236％～8.332％.结论:本法适合婴幼儿配方乳粉中生物素、叶酸和VB12这3种维生素的分析定量研究.     

Training methodologies differ with the attachment of humans to horses

Our investigation is the first to use attachment theory to explore four commonplace training methods (Conspecific, Behavioral, Eclectic, and Conventional) and owners' levels of attachment (anxiety and avoidance) to their horses. An international sample of horse riders and handlers (N = 538), aged 18-80 years, completed demographics and the Experiences in Close Relationships—Relationship Structures Questionnaire. Behavioral training participants scored significantly higher on the attachment-avoidance scores to their horses than the Eclectic or Conspecific training methods. The Behavioral and Eclectic training methods were associated with higher levels of education. Further research is warranted to elucidate the role that training methods play in the relationships between humans and horses.