黄条魳(Seriola aureovittata)形态度量与内部结构特征

为了全面认识黄条(Seriola aureovittata)生物学特性,利用传统测量方式、框架测度法、几何形态测量法和解剖学方法,观察和测度了其外部形态特征、可量与可数性状及内部结构特征,并模拟构建了黄条形态性状度量框架图.观察了黄条不同部位鳞片和耳石形态特征,比较了各形态度量性状的比值关系,发现全长与体长比值、下颌长与上颌长比值、尾柄长与尾柄高比值变异较小,表明这些性状关联密切.利用统计分析方法建立了黄条全长(TL)与体重(BW)之间的关系模型:BW=2.1652TL2-140.35TL+2479.9 (R2=0.9812),体高(BH)与体重间的关系模型:BW=0.7575BH30059(R2=0.9816).研究分析表明,在黄条的12个可量形态性状中,除眼径外的其他11个形态性状间均存在显著相关关系.通径分析进一步揭示了体高和体长性状是影响体重的2个关键因素,其对体重的决定程度分别达41.34％和13.11％,它们对体重的共同决定程度达42.88％.本研究观察描述了黄条内部结构特征,其比肠长为0.62-0.69,脊椎骨数量为23-25,总出肉率可达75％.本研究结果可为黄条种质判别、系统分类及人工繁育与养殖技术开发提供形态认知依据.     

内燃机径向滑动轴承的进化设计法

采用Matlab语言,分别运用改进型粒子群算法和基本粒子群算法,在最大限度满足液体动力润滑径向滑动轴承的承载量系数值和达到滑动轴承承载能力的条件下,对内燃机径向滑动轴承进行了优化设计。计算机仿真结果表明：采用改进型粒子群算法的轴承孔直径、轴颈直径、轴承宽度、承载量系数等优化参数效果最好,符合实际工艺要求,且滑动轴承承载能力最强。改进型粒子群算法优化结果明显优于基本粒子群算法的优化结果,表明改进型粒子群算法应用于内燃机问题的优化求解切实可行。     

内燃机高速瞬态数据采集分析系统的开发

阐述了自主开发的内燃机瞬态数据采集分析系统的结构,工作原理,软件设计和内燃机工作过程和瞬态过程分析软件。该系统可实现内燃机8通道模拟量的同步采集和瞬时转速的测量,并可进行内燃机过渡过程动态数据采集;开发的并行口（EPP接口）电路可使上位PC机和下位单片机进行高速的数据传输,采用分离式设计,系统安装方便,不受上位机的限制。     

课程思政融入《动物解剖与组织胚胎学》教学实践中的探索

课程思政是高校落实立德树人教育根本任务的有效途径。《动物解剖与组织胚胎学》是高等院校动物医学等相关学科领域的专业基础课之一。本文通过剖析《动物解剖与组织胚胎学》课程中的思政元素案例,以期为专业教育与思政教育的有效结合提供新思路,推动新农科背景下专业课程思政的建设。     

Can light intensity influence the tolerance of Synedrellopsis grisebachii to glyphosate?

Plant susceptibility to herbicides is related to several factors, including the environmental conditions under which the plants develop. Two experiments were carried out using Synedrellopsis grisebachii plants in two different developmental stages (vegetative and reproductive), with the goal of studying plant susceptibility to the herbicide, glyphosate, and the dependence of this susceptibility on light intensity (full sunlight and 70% shading), correlated with leaf anatomy. The experimental design for both experiments was completely randomized, with a 2 × 7 factorial scheme, with two light intensities and seven different doses of glyphosate (0D, 1/4D, 1/2D, D, 2D, 4D and 6D, where D is the recommended dose of 1800 g ae ha^?1) as the factors and four replicates per treatment. The leaf anatomy was characterized with optical and scanning electron microscopy. The plants that were grown in full sunlight were more tolerant of glyphosate because of thickening of the adaxial epidermis, parenchyma and main vein structures, which required higher glyphosate doses for effective weed control. The plants that were in the reproductive stage were more tolerant of glyphosate, probably because of lower glyphosate absorption and translocation to the reproductive organs.     

菘蓝叶和根的解剖及生物碱的组织化学定位研究

为了揭示板蓝根和大青叶外观形状和显微特征与其内在质量的关系,利用光学显微镜和组织化学方法对菘蓝叶和根的显微结构特征以及生物碱类物质在叶和根中的分布情况进行了研究。结果表明:菘蓝叶的上、下表皮上都无毛被;叶的上、下表皮上都分布有无规则型气孔,下表皮的气孔指数明显高于上表皮的。叶肉有栅栏薄壁组织和海绵薄壁组织之分,栅栏组织有2层细胞。根的韧皮部和木质部间有明显的形成层,韧皮部的薄壁细胞中有大量的淀粉粒。生物碱类化合物在叶中分布在包括栅栏组织和海绵组织在内的一些叶肉细胞中,在根中生物碱类化合物主要分布在韧皮部的一些薄壁细胞中。表明菘蓝根的横切面上韧皮部越宽的质量越佳。     

茶树品种利川红不定根的解剖和屏障结构时空发育特征研究

对茶树品种利川红[Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Ktze.cv.Lichuanhong]不定根的解剖和屏障结构时空发育特征采用不同组织化学染色方法,在光学和荧光显微镜下观察形态结构。结果表明,利川红不定根初生结构由表皮、皮层和维管柱组成,皮层有内、外皮层分化,维管柱由初生木质部和初生韧皮部组成。次生结构由次生维管组织和木栓层组成,次生维管组织结构由次生木质部和次生韧皮部组成,以次生木质部为主。利川红不定根初生结构的屏障结构由外侧的具凯氏带、木质化和栓质化的表皮与外皮层组成,内侧为凯氏带和栓质化,微弱木质化的内皮层组成。次生结构的屏障结构为栓质化和木质化的木栓层。利川红不定根屏障结构具有适应旱生环境的特征,并可调节根尖的水与离子运输,对根系具有保护作用。     

毛茛科雄蕊结构的分类学价值

本文采用形态观察及GMA半薄切片法深入研究了毛茛科18属,37种,及5变种的雄蕊形态结构。结果显示雄蕊表面无毛或被非腺毛及腺毛。花丝呈丝状、条状、棒状、长三角形或短柱状,其薄壁组织胞间隙不明显或发达。花药侧面观为∞形、椭圆形、近圆形或条形;幼嫩花药横切面形状变化较大,为V形、Λ形、椭圆形、方形、∞形或蝶形;花粉囊间薄壁细胞排列呈V形、Λ形或直线形。成熟花药的花粉囊间薄壁细胞消失。部分幼嫩时横切面∞形的花药,成熟时变为椭圆形,而蝶形和方形的花药则变为∞形。花药及花丝的特征在属及种内是稳定的,可作为毛茛科属及组的分类学证据。本文完善了毛茛科花形态学研究,为进一步研究毛茛科系统学提供了新的形态学基础。     

Cross-sectional anatomy of the rabbit neck and trunk: Comparison of computed tomography and cadaver anatomy

Computed tomographic images of the neck, thorax and abdomen in four healthy adult rabbits were obtained with a conventional CT using a slice-thickness of 5 mm. CT images were obtained with the animals positioned in sternal recumbency on a removable plastic support directly laying on the CT-table. At the end of the CT session, each rabbit was euthanized and, while carefully maintaining the same position on the plastic support, the animal was moved into a −20 °C freezer until completely frozen. Each cadaver was then sectioned at 10 mm slices, with the first section starting at the tip of the nose, respecting the imaging protocol. The frozen sections were cleaned and then photographed on each side. Anatomic structures were identified and labeled first on each side of the frozen section and then on the corresponding CT image with the aid of the available literature. Results from our study provide an atlas of normal cross-sectional gross and CT anatomy of the rabbit neck, thorax and abdomen, useful in the interpretation of any cross-sectional imaging modality in this species.     

ANATOMIC STUDY OF CRANIAL NERVE EMERGENCE AND ASSOCIATED SKULL FORAMINA IN CATS USING CT AND MRI

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain of four normal cats were reviewed retrospectively to assess the emergence and course of the cranial nerves (CNs). Two-millimeter-thick images were obtained in transverse, sagittal, and dorsal planes using a 1.5 T unit. CN skull foramina, as anatomic landmarks for MR imaging, were identified by computed tomography performed on an isolated cat skull using thin wire within each skull foramen. Thin slice (1 mm slice thickness) images were obtained with a high-resolution bone filter scan protocol. The origins of CNs II, V, VII, and VIII and the group of IX, X, XI, and XII could be identified. The pathway and proximal divisions of CNs V were described. CNs III, IV, and VI were not distinguished from each other but could be seen together in the orbital fissure. CN V was characterized by slight contrast enhancement.