三穗鸭组织中的重金属含量分布与安全性评价

为了解三穗鸭各组织中重金属蓄积与分布差异,了解三穗鸭中积累的重金属是否在人体的正常摄入中存在潜在危害,对三穗鸭的组织器官鸭胸肉、鸭腿肉、鸭肝、鸭心、鸭胗、鸭肠、鸭脚、鸭骨中重金属镉、铅、铜、砷的含量进行测定,采用数据处理软件分析三穗鸭组织内重金属含量水平及其分布特征,采用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗污染综合指数法和国家标准对各个组织进行安全性评价。结果表明：铜在鸭心中的含量最高,为7．0259 mg/kg;铅和砷在鸭脚中的含量最高,分别为0．4877 mg/kg 和0．2313 mg/kg;镉在鸭肝中的含量最高,为0．1565 mg/kg。通过与国家标准规定的范围比较表明,三穗鸭组织中各重金属含量均在国家限量范围内,其中,重金属铅比其他重金属综合污染指数高,但是污染程度均属于安全范围之内。     

基于GIS的琼海市胡椒土地适宜性评价

根据胡椒生长的土地利用要求,结合相关数据评价海南省琼海市胡椒适宜用地数量、质量及分布。以土地适宜性评价理论为基础,以海南省琼海市土地为评价对象,以土地利用现状图图斑为评价单元,结合琼海市的气候、土壤、地质地貌等资源数据库,选择土壤质地、坡度等10个评价因子建立数据库,借助GIS与加权指数求和法评价模型进行评价。结果表明:琼海市胡椒种植用地面积占市域总面积的91%,全市胡椒种植用地质量总体良好。胡椒适宜区用地资源主要分布在阳江、龙江、石壁、温泉、大路、烟塘、长坡。结合海南省琼海市胡椒种植用地现状和评价分析结果,对各级用地分别提出建议,这对琼海市胡椒的增产增收具有重要意义。     

非营利性科研机构绩效考评体系探讨

绩效考评是加强非营利性科研机构管理的必要手段。文章提出了非营利性科研机构绩效考评的指标由定性指标、定量指标和奖惩指标构成,对指标的权重、评分细则、计算方法和评价方法进行了探讨,并以中国热带农业科学院下属5个非营利性科研机构为例,采用模糊数学综合评价法进行了模拟考评,运用数字归一处理法对评价结果进行了处理,通过对考评结果的分析,证实了文章所构建的绩效考评体系具有科学性和准确性。     

Effects of Substitute Media on Development of Potted Cyclamen percicum Mill.

Five kinds of agricultural castoffs, such as sawdust and powder of coconut coir, were used as growing media to substitute the peat moss for potted Cyclamen percicum. It showed that most of the substitute media could fit for the growth of the root system without disturbing the spatial development of the root. The root activities of the plants in substitute media were all higher or not significantly lower than that in the contrast peat moss （PM）. The substitute media might not make adverse effects on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll of C. percicum leaves, and the nutrient components contained in the substitute media itself was none of the content of mineral elements in the leaves. The morphological indexes of C. percicum plants growing in the substitute media except in the powder of coconut coir （PCC） were all better than those in the contrast PM. The synthetically evaluation index of the plant showed that the sawdust, the powder of maize core, the powder of soybean stalk, the powder of peanut hull could take place the peat moss totally in C. percicum industrialization cultivation.     

Physiological Changes and Cold Tolerance of Three Camphor Species During Natural Winter Temperature Fluctuations

The dynamic changes in the malondialdehyde（MDA）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, soluble sugar, proline, and soluble protein contents, as well as the relative electrolyte conductivity and the corresponding cold resistance, of Cinnamomum bodinieri Level., C. camphora L., and C. caudiferum Kisterm were investigated during the winter months of October 2009 to April 2010. During the short period of temperature decline that lasted until mid-December, the changes in the relative electrolyte conductivity and MDA content with temperature were insignificant. In January, SOD activity continued to increase and then peaked as a result of rapid increases in soluble sugar, proline, soluble protein, as well as the inhibition of the relative electrolyte conductivity and decrease in MDA content. These physiological changes protected the camphor trees from cold damage during winter. From February to March, SOD activity and the soluble protein and proline contents increased with the increase in temperature. However, the relative electrolyte conductivity and MDA content decreased, indicating that the cell membrane damaged by low temperature was gradually being repaired. The cold dip in April led to slight increases in the relative electrolyte conductivity and MDA content. Using a fuzzy mathematics method, the cold resistance adaptability of the camphor trees was divided into three periods namely, the enhancement setting stage, the vigorous stage, and the reducing stage. The cold tolerance abilities were ranked as the following order： C. bodinieri Level〉C. camphora L.〉C. caudiferum Kisterm.     

野生新疆桃抗酸碱盐性评价

为探明野生新疆桃抗酸碱盐种质资源价值,以360株野生新疆桃实生苗为试材,采用pH 3.5H3PO4溶液、pH 9.5KOH溶液和0.4%NaCl溶液灌根处理的方法,评价其对酸、碱和盐的抗性。结果表明:1)野生新疆桃为极强抗酸型树种,实生个体间抗性差异显著,分离为极强、强、中等3种抗酸型植株,分别占群体总数的86%、9%和5%。2)野生新疆桃为极强抗碱型树种,实生个体间抗性差异显著,分离为极强抗和强抗2种抗碱型植株,极强抗碱型和强抗碱型植株分别占群体总数的98%和2%。3)野生新疆桃为弱抗盐型树种,其实生个体间抗性分离广泛,存在极强、强、中等、弱、极弱全部5种抗盐型植株,分别占群体总数的8%、9%、19%、61%和3%。结果显示,野生新疆桃是优良的抗酸碱型砧木树种和抗酸碱盐型种质资源。     

桂林市水稻主栽品种对南方水稻黑条矮缩病的抗性评价

采取田间自然诱发的方式,对桂林34个水稻主栽品种进行南方水稻黑条矮缩病抗性评价,结果表明:表现为抗病的有淦鑫203、顺优109、株两优4024、T78优2155、岳优9113、中浙优8号、中浙优1号、Y两优302、桂两优2号等14个品种;表现为感病的有陆两优28、EK优18、淦鑫206、五优308、淦鑫699、丰源优299、Q优6号、丰两优4号等20个品种;未发现免疫品种。建议农户选用上述抗性较好的品种,慎用高感品种。同时,在现阶段,"治虱防矮"仍然是防治水稻南方黑条矮缩病的最主要措施。     

土壤中重金属污染有效性评价

介绍了3种主要评价土壤中重金属污染物有效性的方法,包括指数法、富集系数法、污染损失率法,并对3种评价方法的优缺点进行了论述,认为各种方法相辅相成,不能相互代替.在评价重金属污染有效性时,首先要清楚评价的目的,然后才能选择合适的评价方法.     

基于Moodle的高校课程考试多元化评价体系研究

针对目前高校课程评价中存在的问题,利用Moodle的评价功能,构建基于Moodle的高校课程考试评价体系,从过程性评价、总结性评价、互动评价三个方面,通过课程资源学习管理、聊天、讨论区、作业、测验、师生评价、同行评价、学生自评等模块,共同完成对学生的综合评价,使高校课程考试评价更加客观、全面、高效.     

太平洋双色鳗鲡肌肉营养成分分析与评价

测定并分析了太平洋双色鳗鲡(Anguilla bicolor pacifica）肌肉中营养成分组成与质量分数。结果显示院太 平洋双色鳗鲡肌肉中含62.56%、蛋白质15.85%;肌肉中测出氨基酸17 种(未测色氨酸）,总量为36.33%(干样）,其中 包括人体必需氨基酸总量(EAA）7 种,总量为13.99%(干样）,必需氨基酸组成基本符合FAO/WHO 评分标准,太平洋 双色鳗鲡的限制性氨基酸为(蛋氨酸+胱氨酸）和缬氨酸,其必需氨基酸指数(EAAI）为78.26,5 种鲜味氨基酸(DAA） 总量为16.58%(干样）;脂肪酸中单不饱和脂肪酸占44.41%,多不饱和脂肪酸占16.70%,其中EPA+DHA 的占 7.33%。该结果表明,太平洋双色鳗鲡具有较高的使用价值与保健作用。