Carvedilol in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by reduced systolic function, heightened sympathetic tone, and high morbidity and mortality. Little is known regarding the safety and efficacy of beta-blocker treatment in dogs with DCM. HYPOTHESIS: Carvedilol improves echocardiographic and neurohormonal variables in dogs with DCM over a 4-month treatment period. METHODS: Prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blinded randomized study. Dogs with DCM underwent echocardiography, ECG, thoracic radiographs, and neurohormonal profiling, followed by titration onto carvedilol (0.3 mg/kg q12h) or placebo over a 4-week period and subsequently received 3 months of therapy. Primary study endpoints included left ventricular volume and function. RESULTS: Sixteen dogs received carvedilol and 7 received placebo. At study end, 13 carvedilol dogs and 5 placebo dogs were alive. There was no difference in the mean percentage change in left ventricular volume at end-diastole (LVVd), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVVs), and ejection fraction (EF) between treatment groups, suggesting that both groups experienced similar amounts of disease progression. Carvedilol treatment did not result in significant changes in neurohormonal activation, radiographic heart size, heart rate, or owner perceived quality-of-life. Baseline B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) predicted dogs in the carvedilol-treated group that maintained or improved their EF over the study duration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Carvedilol administration did not improve echocardiographic or neurohormonal indicators of heart function. The lack of effect may be related to severity of disease, carvedilol dose, or brevity of follow-up time. Statistical power of the present study was adversely affected by a high fatality rate in study dogs and small sample size.     

微波处理构建不感染内生真菌德兰臭草种群的方法探讨

微波技术会对生物组织产生一定的生物学效应。为了研究微波技术对德兰臭草（Melica transsilvanica）内生真菌的去除效果,采用微波中低档对感染内生真菌的德兰臭草种子进行不同时间的杀菌处理,通过显微镜检结合植株内生真菌分离技术、种子萌发指标、植株生长指标评价内生真菌去除效果。结果表明,输出功率300 W的微波处理30 s能有效杀灭种子中的内生真菌,并对种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均无显著影响;微波处理10 s,20 s分别降低植株带菌率的10.7%,25%,并且对植株生长有促进作用;微波处理较长时间（40 s及以上时间）虽能有效杀灭种子中的内生真菌,但对种子萌发、植株生长有抑制作用。因此,微波处理种子技术是一种有效、简便、可行的内生真菌去除技术。     

Efficacy of pre-treatment with lufenuron for the prevention of Microsporum canis infection in a feline direct topical challenge model

Oral lufenuron is reportedly an effective treatment for some cats with dermatophytosis. The purpose of this study was to determine if lufenuron, when used as a pre-treatment prior to challenge exposure, would be protective against the development of infection after the direct topical application of fungal macrocondia (Microsporum canis spores). Three groups (n = 6/group) of juvenile cats were treated with either monthly oral lufenuron (30 or 133 mg/kg) or placebo. After 2 months of treatment, kittens were challenged using 10(5)Microsporum canis spores applied to the skin under occlusion. Cats were examined weekly and the following data collected: Wood's lamp examination; scoring for scale/crust, erythema and induration; lesion size; and the development of satellite lesions. Fungal cultures were performed bi-weekly. All cats became infected; the infections progressed, and then regressed, in a similar fashion in all groups. There were no consistent statistically significant differences in weekly infection scores between treated and untreated cats throughout the study. Treated cats did not recover faster than untreated cats. We conclude that oral lufenuron at the dosing schedule and conditions used in this study did not prevent dermatophytosis or alter the course of infection by direct topical challenge.     

金石翁芍散对仔猪大肠杆菌病治疗试验

为了评价金石翁芍散对仔猪大肠杆菌病的临床疗效,设立金石翁芍散高、中、低3个剂量组及药物对照组,通过混饲给药方式治疗仔猪大肠杆菌病,进行临床治疗效果比较。结果表明,金石翁芍散对仔猪大肠杆菌病有较好的治疗效果,高剂量组治愈率为91.6%,总有效率为94.4%;中剂量治愈率为88.9%,总有效率为94.4%;低剂量组治愈率为72.2%,总有效率为77.8%。高剂量组、中剂量组在降低死亡率、提高治愈率等方面均优于恩诺沙星可溶性粉（治愈率为72.2%,总有效率为77.8%）。低剂量组的治疗效果低于高、中剂量组;中、高剂量组死亡率、治愈率和总有效率均无显著性差异。     

乌鳢常见疾病及防治

调查报道了 1 1种常见乌鳢鱼病的症状和流行情况 ,以及在预防和治疗方面所采取的相应措施。     

供磷水平对‘热研5号'柱花草-根瘤菌共生体系的影响

为研究不同供磷水平对热研5号柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis‘Reyan No.5')-根瘤菌共生体系的影响,利用水培试验对接种7株不同根瘤菌的柱花草进行3个磷浓度的处理,通过对柱花草干重、植株含氮量、根瘤数、固氮酶活性的测定及分析确定磷对共生体系的影响。结果表明:低磷不利于柱花草及根瘤菌共生体系的生长;菌株YM11-1,FS3-1-1在高磷时固氮促生效果最佳,菌株LZ3 2,RJS9-2,BS1-1,CJ1则在中等磷条件下固氮促生效果最佳,磷对菌株PN13-3的影响不大。     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的诊断与防治

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征是由PRRSV变异株引起的一种急性高致病性传染病,近些年给养猪业造成巨大的损失。文章就高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的最新流行特点、诊断、防治等方面予以介绍。     

7种杀菌剂对大麦条纹病的防治效果

针对大麦条纹病,选用7种杀菌剂对大麦品种甘啤4号种子处理后进行了室内毒力测定和室内发芽测定,同时进行了大田试验。结果表明,10％二硫氰基甲烷乳油,37／6敌萎丹悬浮种衣剂和0．5％二硫氰基甲烷种衣剂具有较好的抑菌效果,其EC。。有效抑菌浓度为2．563、7．345和19．721μg／mL;10％二硫氰基甲烷乳油、8％克...