奥芬哒唑可湿性粉剂驱除藏羊线虫绦虫试验

使用５,１０,２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量奥芬哒唑可湿性粉剂,对放牧藏系绵羊进行驱除线虫、绦虫试验。试验结果：５ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量对消化道线虫、绦虫的虫卵转阴率,下降率均为１００％,对原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率为６０％,下降率为９４．１％;１０,２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量的虫卵（幼虫）转阴率,下降率均为１００％,安全性良好。按５ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量给当年生羔羊进行大群秋季示范驱虫,结果粪检虫卵（幼虫）呈阴性,驱虫羔羊比同一地区未驱虫的当年生羔羊保活率提高４．４８个百分点,全部投药羊未发生毒副反应。试验初步证明奥芬哒唑可湿性粉剂安全有效,与本品原粉、片剂的驱虫效果及安全性一致。而该剂型投服方便,计量准确,省时省力,易推广。     

湿地植被污染物的分析和处理

最近几年我国农业飞速发展,过度使用农药以及化肥,周围河流受到非常严重的污 染。湿地资源比较丰富的地区可以充分利用湿地,对农业造成的污染进行处理。调查河套地区 所有的湿地的情况,对湿地的植被以及水文等进行分析,探讨湿地植被通过怎样的方式缓解农业 污染物对环境造成的压力。     

自由舔食补饲小苏打在高产奶牛疾病预防中的应用研究

[目的]饲喂碳酸氢钠能够参与反刍动物瘤胃酸碱调节并发挥重要的酸碱平衡作用。试验通过对比高产、中产、低产3个不同群体荷斯坦奶牛每头每日补饲不同剂量小苏打后,观察其对奶牛个体平均泌乳天数和日单产的影响,探究小苏打的最佳补饲量与补饲方法,为我国现阶段高产奶牛的饲管提供有价值的借鉴。[方法]对本场挤奶大厅1 000头泌乳牛连续16个月不间断全群补饲小苏打,以奶牛恶性舔土现象出现的次数以及临床热应激疾病发病数量作为瘤胃酸碱平衡的量化指标,分析各试验组的小苏打补饲量。[结果]高产群、中产群、低产群每头荷斯坦奶牛每日通过自由舔食分别平均获得61 g, 70 g, 80 g的小苏打,加上精饲料中分别提供的174 g, 156 g, 120 g,高产群、中产群、低产群每头每日实际需要量为235 g, 226 g, 200 g。[结论]通过高产奶牛自由舔食补饲小苏打的研究,确认自由舔舐是一种安全有效的小苏打补充方法。添加适合剂量的小苏打能够预防高产奶牛代谢性疾病的发生,有效减少奶牛恶性舔土现象,从而提高奶牛的生产和繁殖性能。     

郏县红牛结节性皮肤病的治疗办法

郏县红牛结节病是牛养殖业中的常见疾病,是由病毒引起郏县红牛的一种急性、亚急性或慢性、传染病。该病的临床特征是病牛发热、消瘦,淋巴结肿大,皮肤、水肿、局部形成坚硬的结节或溃疡为主要特征。     

70℃干热处理德兰臭草种子内生真菌的研究

为了更好地研究内生真菌与德兰臭草（Melica transsilvanica）的互作关系,需获得内生真菌种群已失活的德兰臭草种子。本试验采用70℃干热的方法对德兰臭草带菌种子分别处理5 d,10 d,15 d,20 d,25 d和30 d,以不作处理的种子为对照,通过测定各处理后种子的萌发指标、生长指标和植株内生真菌数量等综合评价内生真菌的灭活效果。结果表明,70℃干热处理能有效杀灭德兰臭草种子中的内生真菌;70℃处理5 d后,与对照相比,宿主染菌率下降为50%;处理25 d时,种子和植株中均未分离出内生真菌。同时,70℃处理25 d时,种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、植株鲜重和胚根、胚芽长度以及植株株高、叶片数、分蘖数、叶宽和茎粗与对照相比均没有显著影响。值得一提的是,70℃干热处理种子可促进植株须根数的增多和根长的增加。综合比较得出,70℃干热处理25 d能使德兰臭草种子中全部内生真菌失活,是一种简单、方便、可行的方法。     

A Five-Day Progesterone Plus eCG-Based Fixed-Time AI Protocol Improves Fertility Over Spontaneous Estrus in High-Producing Dairy Cows Under Heat Stress

This study compared the efficiency of a five-day or standard (nine-day) progesterone-based regimen combined with equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) in a fixed-time AI (FTAI) protocol for dairy cows. The data examined were derived from 3577 inseminations conducted in three dairy herds. Animals with no estrus signs detected over 21 days were randomly assigned to a PRID-9 or PRID-5 group. Cows in each group received a progesterone intravaginal device (PRID) for 9 or 5 days, respectively, PGF_2α and eCG on PRID removal, and GnRH 48 h later. Fixed-time AI was performed 12 h after the GnRH dose. Cows artificially inseminated following spontaneous estrus during the study period were considered as controls. Based on the odds ratio, the likelihoods of animals in PRID-9 in the warm (conception rate [CR] of 22.3%) and cool (32% CR) periods, and control animals in the warm period (26.6% CR) becoming pregnant were reduced (by factors of 0.6, 0.3 and 0.4, respectively) compared with the control animals in the cool period (CR of 43.7%). The risk of a twin pregnancy was higher (51.4%) for cystic PRID-9 cows (by a factor of 3.6) and lower (9.9%) for cyclic PRID-5 animals (by a factor of 0.4) compared with the PRID-9 cyclic cows. These findings indicate that the proposed protocol achieves similar results during the cool or warm season to those obtained when AI is conducted at spontaneous estrus during the cool season. In addition, PRID-5 reduced twin pregnancy compared with PRID-9.     

猪瘟并发附红细胞体病的综合防制措施

猪瘟在我国流行已久 ,近年来猪附红细胞体病也屡屡发生 ,而二者发生混合感染的临床报道极少。笔者在 2 0 0 0 -2 0 0 2年间 ,经流行病学调查、病理学检查和实验室检验认为 :豫、鲁、皖地区发生的某些猪病是由猪瘟病毒和附红细胞体混合感染所致。并采用中西药结合防治措施 ,使发病率大大减少 ,治愈率达 86%以上     

对奶牛胎衣不下的认识和处理

本文结合本场的生产实际，讨论了母牛胎盘的特点，胎衣不下的症状与诊断；着重讨论了本病的发病率及其影响因素，并将病因分析、归纳成一个示意图；最后综述了多项治疗和预防胎衣不下的措施，如灌服羊水，注射激素，用维生素A、D、E和亚硒酸钠，灌服中药，手术剥离以及电刺激等。     

Obituary-Roger Brereton Marshall

Roger Marshall was born in Christchurch on 27 May 1933 and died at his home in Palmerston North on 24 October 2001. He graduated BVSc from the University of Sydney in 1958 and began his professional career in clinical veterinary practice in Morrinsville. Wishing to specialise in veterinary microbiology, he later enrolled in the postgraduate course for the Diploma in Microbiology at the University of Otago under Professor JAR Miles. On gaining the Diploma in 1963, Roger was appointed a foundation lecturer in veterinary microbiology in the newly formed Faculty of Veterinary Science at Massey University.     

羊传染性胸膜肺炎防治

羊传染性胸膜肺炎是一种高度接触性传染性疾病,致病原是肺炎支原体。妊娠阶段的母羊受到病原侵染后表现为流产产下死胎,并表现出明显的繁殖障碍。近年,此病发生率逐年升高,造成的死亡现象不断增强,严重威胁养殖产业健康发展。作为养殖管理人员,应从该种疾病的流行病学、临床表现、病理变化和诊断方法等多角度入手,构建针对性的防治措施,严格落实预防为主的原则,为提高养殖效益奠定坚实的技术支撑。该文主要探讨羊传染性胸膜肺炎的防治过程。