营养和培养参数对深层培养灵芝生产多糖的影响

研究了各种营养成分和培养参数(pH,温度,氮源可利用性,C∶N,搅拌速度,接种量)对在生物反应器可控条件下利用合成培养基深层培养灵芝生产多糖的影响.所生产的多糖大部分(通常80%以上)为胞外多糖(EPS),分泌到培养液中,菌丝多糖(MAP)只占不到20%.在pH5.0条件下,总多糖(EPS和MAP)生产量和菌丝生长量最高.在28～34℃范围内,多糖产量在34℃培养条件下最高,并随着温度降低而下降.低氮条件下,菌丝生长较弱,多糖产量较低.多糖生产量(主要是胞外多糖)随着接种量的增加而提高,菌丝多糖的生产则相反.利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)凝胶层析法分离出两个胞外多糖组分,其洗脱时间为26.5和36.5 min,分子量分别为137和4.7 kDa;菌丝多糖有一个大的峰(40 min)和一个很小的峰(28 min),其分子量分别为1.57和76.6 kDa.菌丝多糖的HPLC凝胶层析色谱和从灵芝子实体中提取的多糖相似.本研究所采用的各种培养条件下生产的多糖(EPS和MAP)具有可重复性的HPLC色谱.     

原木灵芝孢子粉和浸膏粉中的牛磺酸

采用热水提取－磺基水杨酸沉淀法进行样品的前处理，利用氨基酸自动分析仪测定供试样品的牛磺酸含量。试验结果表明，原木灵芝孢子粉和破壁孢子粉中牛磺酸含量分别为8．44mg/100g-9.23mg/100g和7．34mg/100g-7.89mg/100g，而灵芝浸膏粉中牛磺酸含量高达140．82mg/100g-157.38mg/100g.     

灵芝多糖提取物胶囊对小鼠免疫功能的影响

通过设3个浓度的药物组和空白对照组,分别进行脏器指数测定,ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验,绵羊红细胞诱导小鼠DTH试验,小鼠血清溶血素测定,抗体生成细胞检测,小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验,小鼠碳廓清试验,NK细胞活性测定试验。结果表明,灵芝多糖提取物胶囊能增加ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖能力和小鼠左后足跖部厚度差24 h测量值,提高小鼠血清溶血素抗体积数和溶血空斑数。表明灵芝多糖提取物胶囊具有较强的免疫调节作用。     

灵芝免疫调节蛋白基因的克隆和分析

采用同源克隆方法,分别以6个灵芝品种和1个云芝品种的基因组DNA为模板,进行灵芝免疫调节蛋白基因的PCR扩增。扩增产物克隆进T-载体后,进行DNA测序和BLASTn序列分析。结果表明,从赤芝、紫芝、韩芝和甜芝4个菌株中克隆到的PCR扩增片段,含有灵芝免疫调节蛋白基因编码区全长,顺次编号为gimp01,gimp02,gimp03,gimp04。它们已经在国际GeneBank中登记注册,注册号:AY449802,AY449805,AY449804,AY449803。     

无公害室内灵芝栽培技术

报道了梅州无公害灵芝室内栽培技术特点,包括产地环境、栽培基质、生产季节、菌种、室内栽培技术、产品包装与保藏要求,供各地灵芝栽培者参考。     

灵芝活性成分的研究进展

灵芝活性成分复杂,其主要的生理活性物质有多糖类、三萜类、免疫调节蛋白类、凝集素类、核苷类、甾醇类、生物碱类和微量元素等,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、调节免疫、降血糖、降血脂、抗病毒、消炎抗菌等功效,因此,对其活性成分的研究具有重要意义。现对灵芝的主要活性成分及其生物活性的国内外研究现状进行综述,为灵芝产品的进一步开发利用提供理论依据。     

灵芝发酵产物对感染PCV-2病毒断奶仔猪生长性能和免疫功能的影响

本研究以深层发酵灵芝为原料,评估灵芝发酵产物对感染猪圆环病毒-2(PCV-2)断奶仔猪生长发育及免疫功能的影响.试验1:选择160头21 d断奶的仔猪,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪.各组分别在基础日粮中添加0、50、100和150 mg/kg灵芝发酵产物.试验2:将120头21 d断奶的仔猪随机分为2组...     

灵芝含氮多糖对小鼠腹腔吞噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

实验结果表明，灵芝含氮多糖极显著地提高了小鼠腹腔吞噬细胞吞噬中性红的能力。揭示灵芝含氮多糖能提高机体的非特异性免疫功能。     

短原木熟料栽培灵芝优良菌株G9109试验

新选育的灵芝菌株G9109属于早熟型品种。该菌种在6～36℃温度范围内菌丝均能生长,但菌丝生长适温为18～32℃,最适温度为26℃。在木屑培养基上,菌丝粗壮、洁白、整齐,爬壁能力强,满瓶天数为20～21d。与其它灵芝菌株相比,短原木熟料栽培的G9109具有适应性强、出菇早、朵型大、菌褶金黄色等优点,是高产优质菌株。     

The role of syringic acid in the interaction between oil palm and Ganoderma boninense,the causal agent of basal stem rot

Novel inoculation and assessment methods for Ganoderma boninense infection of oil palm are reported. The involvement of phenolic acids in the interaction was examined. HPLC was used to monitor changes in the concentrations of three specific phenolics: syringic acid (SA), caffeic acid and 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid, identified as the main compounds that accumulated. The work reported here focuses on SA, the most antifungal of the molecules detected. The oil palm cv. AVROS, reported by local planters to be less susceptible than others, showed higher accumulation of SA than cvs Ekona and Calabar. Accumulation was promoted by addition of chitosan to the plant growing medium. By the end of the time‐course, the concentration of SA decreased in the oil palm tissues inoculated with G. boninense, suggesting possible metabolism by the pathogen. This loss was, however, not detected in tissues treated with chitosan alone and was greatly reduced when G. boninense was combined with this polymer. In vitro studies on antifungal activity of SA were done using concentrations ranging from 50 to 110 μg mL^?1, those typically recorded in oil palm roots. SA was found to be antifungal (EC₅₀ 90–100 μg mL^?1). The concentration of SA detected in root tissues, especially in the presence of chitosan, could inhibit growth of G. boninense. The pathogen was shown to degrade SA in vitro. However, at the highest concentration tested, metabolism was greatly delayed, only occurring after a lag phase in pathogen growth. Accumulation of phenolic acids, especially SA, may prove a useful trait in breeding resistant oil palm cultivars.