竹席胶合板标准件圆桶性能

竹席胶合板是竹材人造板生产中历史最长,工艺最成熟、用途最广的一种板材。竹席胶合板的胶合强度一般是木材胶合板的1—1.5倍,其价格仅为木材胶合板的1/2—1/4;竹席胶合板弹性、韧性大,易弯曲,用其制造的出口标准件包装圆桶强度大,耐破性能好,破损率低,使用寿命长;击穿、压溃、自由跌落等指标均优于木材胶合板标准件圆桶;其缺陷为:印刷性能差,吃墨浅,干燥慢,字迹欠清。     

54 份鲜食玉米品种草地贪夜蛾抗虫性鉴定与评价

[目的]鉴定评价54份鲜食玉米品种(组合)对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的抗性级别,为鲜食玉米抗虫育种提供参考依据.[方法]在草地贪夜蛾大爆发的自然条件下,于2020年春季、秋季对54份鲜食玉米品种(组合)的叶片和果穗开展其对草地贪夜蛾抗虫性鉴定和评价,综合两季结果分析鲜食玉米品种(组合)对草地贪夜蛾的抗虫性.[结果]大部分鲜食玉米的叶片和穗部对草地贪夜蛾表现为感或高感,无高抗和抗虫品种(组合),仅有粤五彩甜糯品种的穗部和叶片抗性表现为中抗,占1.85％.粤鲜糯2号、粤白甜糯5号、粤甜33号等14份品种(组合)只在穗部表现为中抗,占25.93％.[结论]综合54个鲜食玉米品种(组合)的叶片和果穗的初步鉴定结果,鲜食玉米抗虫资源较少,草地贪夜蛾对不同品种(组合)叶片和果穗偏好性不同.不同类型玉米在叶片抗性无显著差异,糯性玉米和具有热带血源的甜玉米果穗存在一定程度抗虫性,在抗虫新品种选育时可加以利用.     

Reducing the potential for processing contaminant formation in cereal products

Processing contaminants may be defined as substances that are produced in a food when it is cooked or processed, are not present or are present at much lower concentrations in the raw, unprocessed food, and are undesirable either because they have an adverse effect on product quality or because they are potentially harmful. The presence of very low levels of processing contaminants in common foods is becoming an increasingly important issue for the food industry, as developments in analytical techniques and equipment bring foods under closer and closer scrutiny. This review considers the formation of lipid oxidation products, hydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to prevent lipid oxidation and the associated risk of trans fatty acid formation. The formation of acrylamide in the Maillard reaction is described, as well as the genetic and agronomic approaches being taken to reduce the acrylamide-forming potential of cereal grain. The multiple routes for the formation of furan and associated chemicals, including hydroxymethylfurfuryl, are also described. The evolving regulatory and public perception situations for these processing contaminants and their implications for the cereal supply chain are discussed, emphasising the need for cereal breeders to engage with the contaminants issue.     

针阔混交林凋落物对土壤呼吸的影响

以位于长江三峡库区的重庆缙云山针阔混交林为研究对象,利用美国LI-COR公司生产的LI-8100开路式土壤碳通量测量系统对林地有凋落物和无凋落物两种土壤呼吸速率进行了观测。结果表明:(1)有无凋落物对土壤温度、土壤含水量均无影响;(2)有凋落物和无凋落物土壤呼吸的昼夜变化都呈现为单峰曲线,下午14:00左右达到峰值,并且无凋落物土壤呼吸速率小于有凋落物土壤呼吸速率;(3)有凋落物和无凋落物土壤呼吸季节变化趋势都表现为双峰型,峰值分别出现在7月和9月;(4)针阔混交林通过土壤呼吸释放的CO2量达到24.05 t/hm2,其中由凋落物释放的CO2达到5.09 t/hm2,占总CO2释放量的21.16%,说明凋落物对土壤呼吸影响显著。     

长期接触有机磷农药的农民体内自由基含量的调查报告

[目的]调查长期接触有机磷农药的农民体内自由基的含量。[方法]随机抽取豫北农村地区长期接触有机磷农药的农民790人,分别检测其体内MDA、SOD、GSH-PX、LPO含量。[结果]接触有机磷农药10年以上的农民体内自由基含量明显增加,但增加量无年限差异。[结论]农民长期接触有机磷农药会引起体内自由基含量增加。     

不同钼水平对山羊红细胞膜自由基代谢及其酶活性的影响

本研究旨在观察不同钼水平对山羊红细胞膜自由基代谢及其酶活性的影响。选用27头健康山羊随机分成3组，选用七钼酸铵（[（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O]）作为本试验口服钼源，采用（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O水溶液对实验山羊每d1次的方式进行灌服。对照组灌服相应剂量蒸馏水，高钼组山羊按每公斤体质量15mg和45mg（以钼计）灌服（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O水溶液（15mg Mo·kg^-1·BW组（Ⅱ组）和45mgMo·kg^-1·BW组（Ⅲ组））。试验为期50d，并于第0、10、20、30、40、50天采血，测定红细胞膜中自由基含量和酶活性变化。结果显示，组内比较，Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组GSH—Px、T—AOC、CAT、GST、T—AOC、ATPase和AKP活性在试验前期（0～30d）差异不显著（P〉0．05），试验后期（40～50d）与前期比较下降，差异显著（P〈0．05）；MDA含量、XOD和LDH活性在实验前期（0～30d）差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）与前期（0～30d）比较升高，差异显著（P〈0．05）；组间比较，Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组GSH—Px、T—AOC、CAT、GST、T—AOC、ATPase和AKP活性在实验前期（0～30d）与对照组比较差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）与对照组比较降低，差异显著（P〈0．05）；MDA含量、XOD和LDH活性前期（0-30d）与对照组比较差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）升高，差异显著（P〈0．05）。由此可见，摄入过量的钼会导致山羊红细胞膜抗氧化功能降低、自由基含量升高和能量代谢障碍。     

Closantel缓释剂对实验感染肝片吸虫山羊机体自由基影响的研究

选用5只实验感染肝片吸虫山羊研究Closantel缓释剂对机体抗氧化功能的影响，实验用山羊每只一次性口服肝片吸虫囊蚴150个，感染后第15周随机将山羊分成对照组（n=2）和驱虫组（n=3），驱虫组每羊口服两颗Closantel缓释剂，每周定时采集颈静脉血液，检测血清抗氧化酶的变化，观察服用Closantel缓释剂对其的影响。结果表明投药后山羊血清中GSH－Px、CAT均有不同程度的升高，SOD变化不显著，而脂质过氧化产物MDA含量则下降，提示Closantel的缓释剂型对实验感染肝片吸虫山羊机体的抗氧化产生了影响，对机体有一定保护作用。     

Invasive Insect Fall Webworm Control in China

INTRODUCTION Fall webworm Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) was an important forest insect pest around the world and also a typical invasive forest pest in China. It attacked a variety of host plants, including many kinds of trees and crops, especially those broad-leaf trees mainly growing on the roadside or on the verge of forest- land, causing serious economic and ecological damage to its new habitat, so it has been listed as a quarantine agent by many countries includi…     

Physiology Mechanism of Metabolisms in the Middle Scales of Lilium davidii var. unicolor Bulbs Stored at Low Temperature for Dormancy-Release

Changes in carbohydrate, phenols, free amino acids and endogenous hormones in middle scales of Lilium davidii var.unicolor bulbs during the 101 days storage at 2, 6 and 10℃ in moist sawdust were studied. The results indicated that as the storage time increased and the storage temperature delined, contents of starch and abscisic acid (ABA) decreased markedly, and the level of total soluble sugar, phenols, gibberellic acid (GA3) and indole acetic acid (IAA) increased sharply. In the first 34 days, the contents of the above substances changed most actively. Correlation analysis revealed that the increase in content of total soluble sugar and phenols was respectively caused by activation of amylase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). During the storage, the content of free amino acids decreased, and the level of arginine was the highest and changed most remarkably. According to the results of stepwise regression analysis and path analysis, we could primarily conclude that the metabolism of carbohydrates, phenols and free amino acids in the middle scales may be mainly regulated by endogenous GA3.     

肝片吸虫感染对山羊机体自由基代谢影响的研究

实验选择9只健康、6－10月龄雄性白山羊，经粪便学检查和Dot-ELISA检测，确认无肝片吸虫感染，随机分成感染组（n=5)和对照组（n=4)，试验组每只1次口服接种150个肝片吸虫囊蚴，每周定时从颈静脉采集感染前（0周）和感染后15周血液1次分离血清。测定血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)活性、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化物酶（CAT）活性、丙二醛（MDA）和一氧化氮含量的变化，结果表明肝片吸虫感染后血清中GSH－Px活性除第8周试验组显著高于对照组，其他各周无显著差异；在整个实验期间，试验组山羊血清中SOD活性在1－5周呈波动状，以后两组基本处于同一水平；试验组山羊血清CAT活性在感染后第3周显著低于对照组，第6－15周时，试验组始终高于对照组，但各周差异均不显著；试验组山羊血清中MDA含量在整个实验期间始终呈波动状，而在第8、9周试验组显著高于对照组，中周与对照组相比无显著差异；感染后试验组血清中NO开始下降，并且显著低于对照组，至第3－6周时试验组显著高于或低于对照组，第6－15周，试验组一直高于对照组，并在第7、10周时显著地高于对照组。提示山羊感染肝片吸虫后，机体发生多种功能的改变，机体的自由基产生与清除处于相互对抗之中，机体的自由基代谢参与了肝片吸虫病的发展过程。