基于供应网络能力研究框架分析我国乡村旅游供应链发展现状

游客需求的多样化、旅游目的地功能强化、信息技术影响加剧都在表明传统的旅游模式已经 无法再满足的客户的需求与市场的变化，旅游供应链的构建与优化是发展旅游业的大势所趋。本文 将借助供应网络能力的研究框架，从网络定位、网络构造、网络管理三个方面分析我国旅游供应链的 发展现状。     

陕西省乡村旅游可持续发展的适应性管理研究

以陕西省10市1区乡村旅游发展目的地为对象,以旅游地生命周期理论、适应性管理理论、可持续发展理论为指导,以陕西省各市、区及不同人文自然条件区域为空间分布单元展开实地调研,架构了各市及不同人文自然条件区域的适应性管理框架,以推动陕西省乡村旅游全面、健康、持续发展。     

国家植物博物馆旅游发展战略研究与初步构想

在研究博物馆旅游相关内涵的基础上,系统地阐述了博物馆和旅游的关系,认为博物馆旅游是未来的发展趋势。文中依托国家植物博物馆建设的基本情况,对国家植物博物馆发展旅游具备的政策机遇、游客基数、区位、行业地位、资源、特色等方面的优势及国内没有成熟的经验和成功的案例可借鉴、藏品艺术价值不高等劣势进行分析。提出建立合理的运维机制,处理好馆、库、园一体统筹的关系;按照国家5A级旅游景区标准,高起点、高规格建设;以人为本,强化深度体验;重视人才、科普和营销;与茨坝生物科技特色小镇融合发展,打造云南省“健康生活目的地”示范园区;整合资源,建立旅联体,打造科普文旅融合产业走廊等国家植物博物馆旅游发展的策略及建议。     

东部岛屿旅游地气候舒适度及变化趋势研究

基于地面气象观测资料和通用热气候指数,研究了中国东部沿海17个海岛旅游地1979~2018年40年平均的气候舒适度以及这40年间的变化趋势。结果显示:依据气候舒适期年内分布特征,17个海岛旅游地的年均舒适日数都为140~200d以内;依据气候舒适度的年内分布特征,海坛岛和崇武两岛为全年舒适型,葫芦岛、长山岛、秦皇岛、月岛、长岛、芝罘岛、刘公岛、秦山岛、嵊泗列岛9个岛屿旅游地为春、夏、秋舒适型,南澳岛、万山群岛、东升岛、湛江海岛、上川岛、涠洲岛6个岛屿旅游地为春、秋、冬舒适型。     

The influence of topography and fire in controlling landscape composition and structure in Sierra de Gredos (Central Spain)

Mediterranean landscapes are dynamic systems that undergo temporal changes in composition and structure in response to disturbances, such as fire. Neither landscape patterns nor driving factors that affect them are evenly distributed in space. Accordingly, disturbances and biophysical factors interact in space through time. The aim of this paper is to assess the relative influence of topography and fire on the landscape patterns of a large forested area located in Sierra de Gredos (Central Spain) through time. A series of Landsat MSS images from 1975 to 1990, and a digital elevation model (DEM) were used to map fires, assess topographical complexity and evaluate changes in landscape composition and structure. Functional regions across the entire landscape were identified using different classification criteria (i.e., percentage burned area and topographic properties) to model topographic and fire impacts at regional scales. A canonical variance partition method, with a time series split-plot design, quantified the relative influence and co-variation of topography and fire on land cover patterns through time. Main results indicated that analyzing portions of the landscape under similar environmental conditions and fire histories, the effects of different fire regimes on the spatio-temporal dynamics of main land covers can be highlighted. However, the impact of fire on landscape patterns was high variable among regions due to the different regeneration abilities of main land covers, the topographic constraints and the fire histories of each region. Hence, broad patterns of fire related variance and co-variation with topography emerged across the entire area due to the different conditions of each landscape portion in which this large Mediterranean landscape was divided. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Relationships of dead wood patterns with biophysical characteristics and ownership according to scale in Coastal Oregon,USA

Dead wood patterns and dynamics vary with biophysical factors, disturbance history, ownership, and management practices; the relative importance of these factors is poorly understood, especially at landscape to regional scales. This study examined current dead wood amounts in the Coastal Province of Oregon, USA, at multiple spatial scales. Objectives were to: (1) describe current regional amounts of several characteristics of dead wood; (2) compare dead wood amounts across ownerships; (3) determine the relative importance, according to spatial scale, of biophysical and ownership characteristics, to regional dead wood abundance. Dead wood plot data were evaluated with respect to explanatory variables at four spatial scales of resolution: plots, subwatersheds, watersheds and subbasins. The relationships of dead wood characteristics with biophysical attributes and ownership were diverse and scale-specific. Region-wide dead wood abundance and types varied among ownerships, with public lands typically having higher amounts of dead wood and more large dead wood than private lands. Regression analysis of total dead wood volume indicated that ownership was important at the subbasin scale. Growing season moisture stress was important at plot, subwatershed, and watershed scales. Topography was important at the two coarser scales. Multivariate analysis of dead wood gradients showed that ownership was important at all scales, topography at the subbasin scale, historical vegetation at watershed and subbasin scales, and current vegetation at plot and subwatershed scales. Management for dead wood and related biodiversity at watershed to landscape scales should consider the distinct dynamics of snags and logs, the importance of historical effects, and the relevance of ownership patterns.     

Modeling tsunami damage in Aceh: a reply

In reply to the critique of Baird and Kerr, we emphasize that our model is a generalized vulnerability model, built from easily acquired data from anywhere in the world, to identify areas with probable susceptibility to large tsunamis—and discuss their other criticisms in detail. We also show that a rejection of the role of trees in helping protect vulnerable areas is not justified in light of existing evidence.     

The role of wildlife tourism in conservation of endangered species: Implications of safari tourism for conservation of the Arctic fox in Sweden

There are both positive and negative impacts on wildlife associated with wildlife tourism. In Sweden, the endangered Arctic fox is subject to a growing tourist interest. In the Helags mountain region there are guided Arctic fox safari tours that provide visitors with information about the Arctic fox. A survey of five separate groups of visitors in the region revealed that knowledge about the status of Arctic foxes and awareness of the behavioral guidelines for Arctic fox encounters improved after participation in a safari tour and with increasing Arctic fox interaction. We propose a schematic model summarizing the diverse ways in which wildlife tourism affects wildlife and their relative importance for conservation. The Arctic fox population in Sweden is small and sensitive to disturbance, but the positive impacts of Arctic fox tourism seem to compensate for the negative and contribute to their conservation under the current level of tourism pressure.     

Landscape context and selection for forest edge by breeding Brown-headed Cowbirds

We evaluated support for four alternate hypotheses explaining the distribution of breeding Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in forests at varying distances from the forest edge in three Midwestern USA landscapes with varying amounts of forest fragmentation (core forest area ranged from 5 to 70%). We focused on breeding cowbirds’ use of forest because of the risk of nest parasitism to forest-dwelling hosts and to identify factors affecting breeding cowbird habitat selection. We compared distances of cowbird locations in the forest from the forest edge (“edge distances”) to distances of random forest locations in the entire landscape or within individual cowbird home ranges. We analyzed 1322 locations of 84 cowbirds across three landscapes. We found support for the landscape context hypothesis that breeding cowbird preference for forest edge varied with landscape context. Ninety percent of cowbird locations were within 150–350 m of forest edge, despite the overall availability of forest at greater distances from edge (as far as 500–1450 m) both within cowbird home ranges and the entire forested landscape. Cowbird preference for edge varied by landscape context largely due to differences in the availability of forest edge. In a highly fragmented forest cowbirds utilized the entire forest and likely viewed it as “all edge.” In less fragmented forests, cowbirds preferred edge. We consider how variation in cowbird edge preference might relate to patterns in host abundance, host diversity, and host quality because cowbird movements indicate they are capable of using forest farther from edges.     

信阳市南湾水库库区森林植被调查分析

信阳市南湾水库库区森林植被南湾水库库区的水资源涵养和水土保持具有重要的作用。本文对水库加区的森林植被的环境,资源状况,类型进行了调查分析,并提出了保护管理的建议。