开展森林养生的基本要素与品质提升对策

森林养生是健康养生和林业旅游发展相结合的新兴领域。有关森林养生的研究仍处于起步阶段。梳理森林养生的发展概况,认为开展森林养生的基本要素包括:森林环境;森林养生产品和服务;配套设施。优化森林养生品质,需要加强森林医学研究;优化森林养生环境;加强森林养生人才队伍建设;提供有特色的森林养生产品和服务。     

林地“一张图”与林业“二类调查”成果对比分析研究

为进一步做好林地变更调查,通过对比森林资源规划设计调查成果与林地"一张图"数据,对两套成果数据的林地、森林、林分起源、生态公益林面积进行分析,初步总结归纳差异产生的原因,为今后的林地变更调查工作提供参考。     

“一带一路”背景下中国林产品贸易发展的策略分析

"一带一路"倡议的提出为中国林产品贸易发展带来新机遇的同时,也是对中国林产品贸易的一次挑战。本文以"一带一路"倡议作为研究背景,首先对中国林产品贸易的发展进行概述;其次深入分析"一带一路"对中国林产品贸易发展带来的深刻影响,并利用SWOT分析方法系统阐述了中国林产品贸易在"一带一路"倡议背景下的发展优势、劣势、机会和威胁;最后,基于上述分析提出了中国林产品贸易发展的新策略,旨在推动中国林产品贸易实现健康、稳定发展。     

旅游凝视下乡村旅游目的地形象研究

旅游凝视现已成为中西方学者研究旅游现象的理论基础,根据Urry的观点,摄影是旅游者凝视的具体化和有形化,因此,旅游者拍摄的图片就可以作为探究游客凝视的重要文本。本文以旅游凝视为基础,通过网络搜集南京乡村游客摄影照片,采用图片内容分析法对图片进行分析,结合Hunter和Stepchenkova的图片分类方法将照片分为自然风光、游客与景、景观建筑等14类,并通过绘制南京乡村聚合形象地图进一步分析了各类照片之间存在的关系,最后为乡村旅游形象建设提出了相关借鉴。     

四明山国家森林公园游客游憩动机

【目的】研究四明山国家森林公园游客游憩动机类型及差异,为四明山国家森林公园旅游产品升级转型提供科学依据。【方法】采用问卷调查法对四明山国家森林公园游客游憩动机进行实地调研,利用SPSS22.0软件对问卷调查结果开展描述统计分析、探索性因子分析、均值计算、独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析,使用AMOS21.0软件进行验证性因子分析。【结果】四明山国家森林公园游客的5个游憩动机均值表现为健康放松4.37>社会交往4.03>学习教育3.96>自我实现3.86>逃避压力3.79;不同学历游客在逃避压力动机上存在显著差异(P<0.05),不同职业游客在学习教育、自我实现以及逃避压力动机上均存在显著差异(P<0.05),不同家庭年收入的游客在学习教育、社会交往及健康放松动机上存在显著差异(P<0.05)。【结论】健康放松是四明山国家森林公园游客体验森林游憩活动的首要驱动因素,其次为社会交往、学习教育和自我实现,而逃避压力位居最后。在维护森林生态安全前提下,建议四明山国家森林公园开发森林康养、森林研学、森林度假、森林养老和森林体育等旅游产品。     

十八站林业局森林资源情况及变化评价

基于国家林业和草原局大兴安岭调查规划设计院2016年十八站林业局森林资源二类调查数据,对其森林资源情况进行描述及评价,与前期二类调查数据进行比较,分析资源变化趋势。     

湖北黄袍林场喜树木本资源及应用

喜树是我国特有的珍贵树种,其次生代谢物因含有一种重要生物碱而闻名。为了宣传这种珍贵喜树资源及推广应用,以湖北国营通城县黄袍林场为对象,简要介绍了黄袍林场喜树的木本资源生长特征、种子园、育苗及推广应用情况。希望引起政府部门和科研人员的重视和研究,提高对这种国家Ⅱ级保护植物的保护及推广应用。     

开路与闭路涡度相关系统对森林生态系统甲烷通量观测的比较

作为涡度相关技术观测的两种主要技术手段,开路（OPEC）和闭路（CPEC）两种涡度相关系统在观测森林生态系统CH4通量过程中存在较大的不确定性,本研究利用OPEC和CPEC两种涡度相关系统,对黄河小浪底人工混交林CH4通量进行连续观测,选取生长旺季2016年7月24日-8月5日连续14d数据,对比两种观测系统的功率谱和协谱,估算闭路涡度相关系统的延迟时间,并分析其在连续晴天和连续雨天的通量观测结果。结果表明：CPEC系统的功率谱和协谱在所有频率上与OPEC系统基本一致,在惯性副区功率谱符合-5/3相似规律,协谱符合-4/3相似规律;以OPEC系统为“准”标准,CPEC系统观测CH4通量的延迟时间合适流速范围内的5个不同流速（40、37.5、35.5、33.5、31.5L·min-1）分别为4.6、7.7、5.3、10.8和14.3s,平均延迟时间为8～9s;与OPEC观测系统测定的CH4通量相比,CPEC系统观测结果晴天偏低12%;雨天高出32%。OPEC观测系统适用于晴天CH4通量观测。经校正,消除延迟影响后的CPEC观测系统可用于测定雨天CH4通量,以弥补OPEC观测系统缺测的值。两种系统并行观测、相互弥补,可望获得更完整、更高质量的CH4通量数据。     

Effect of forest fragmentation on fruit and seed predation of the tropical dry forest tree Ceiba aesculifolia

Forests fragmentation reduces the density of natural plant populations forming patches of the remaining individuals. One of the biotic interactions that can be affected by forest fragmentation and is poorly studied is seed predation. We determined the effects of forest fragmentation on seed and fruit predation in Ceiba aesculifolia by comparing trees in continuous forest with trees in fragmented forest. We compared the following variables: (a) frequency of fruit predation by Collie’s squirrel (Sciurus colliaei) in each habitat; (b) frequency of the cotton-staining bug seed predator (Dysdercus, Orden Hemiptera) in each habitat; (c) the effect of seed predation on germination frequency and time; and (d) the effect of different life stages of Dysdercus on seed viability. In continuous habitat, 100% of the trees presented fruits with squirrel predation while only 34% of trees in fragmented habitats presented fruit predation. In continuous forest 27% of the trees contained fruits with the seed predator Dysdercus, while only 2% of the trees in fragmented forest presented Dysdercus. The initial weight of damaged seeds was greater than seeds that were not damaged indicating that seed predators select heavier seeds to feed upon. Frequency of seed germination was affected by different life stages; pre-adults decreased germination significantly more than nymphs and adults. Seed predation significantly increased the time it took for germination to occur. Our study shows that forest fragmentation significantly affects predation patterns of squirrels and cotton-staining bugs. Reduction of natural seed predators in forest fragments may have long-term consequences on forest structure and diversity.     

The influence of field shape, area and surrounding landscape on plant species richness in grazed ex-fields

Over the past 100 years species-rich semi-natural grasslands have decreased dramatically in Western Europe, where former arable fields (ex-fields) are used instead as pasture. The disappearance of semi-natural grasslands has caused a threat to the biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Many typical grassland plants are dispersal limited, thus grazed ex-fields can be used to investigate if species spontaneously colonise these new grassland habitats. We examined the relationship between surrounding landscape, field area, shape, distance between edge and centre, and plant species diversity in ex-fields that had been grazed for 15-18 years. The results showed that there were 35% more plant species in fields surrounded by commercial forestry production compared to those surrounded by open agricultural landscape. Area and shape did not influence species richness, although there was increasing number of species in the centre with decreasing distance from the edge. Twenty-five percent of the species where typical grassland species, and ex-fields surrounded by forest had 91% more grassland species compared to those in the open landscape. It is possible to increase grassland plant occurrences by grazing ex-fields surrounded by forest or other grassland remnant habitats, particularly in landscapes where grazed semi-natural grasslands are scarce.