茄二十八星瓢虫产卵观察

［目的］ 观察茄二十八星瓢虫成虫在实验室自然条件下的产卵情况。［方法］ 在实验室自然条件下,以龙葵叶饲养茄二十八星瓢虫直至雌虫死亡,每天观察产卵情况并记录产卵量,最后对观察结果进行统计分析。［结果］ 茄二十八星瓢虫雌虫的实际产卵天数平均为19.0 d,平均寿命为56.3 d,即实际产卵天数约占其寿命的1/3;其产卵前期平均为6.1 d,最长为13.0 d,最短为3.0 d;其产卵期平均为44.0 d,最长为59.0 d,最短为16.0 d;每雌一生的产卵总数平均为618.0粒,最多为791.0粒,最少为263.0粒,产卵期的平均每天产卵数为14.0粒,按实际产卵天数计算的每天产卵数为32.5粒。茄二十八星瓢虫产卵呈现一定的间歇性,大部分间歇时间为2-3 d,最长间歇时间为10 d。茄二十八星瓢虫在第1、2、3、4周分别平均产卵73.0、120.0、156.6和76.0粒。［结论］ 该研究为茄二十八星瓢虫的田间防治提供了一定的指导依据。     

Reproductive biology of Cyprinella camura, the bluntface shiner, in Morganfork Creek, southwestern Mississippi

Abstract– I collected bluntface shiners, Cyprinella camura , once or twice monthly from February to November 1991 in Morganfork Creek, southwestern Mississippi. Examinations of mean largest oocyte diameter (LOD), female mean relative gonadal index (RGI), ovarian developmental condition, and male secondary sexual characteristics indicated that C. camura spawned from late March through mid-August. There were significant positive correlations between mean LOD and mean daylength, mean maximum temperature, and mean minimum temperature (environmental variable means were calculated for the 28 day period prior to each sampling date). Mean day length and mean RGI were significantly positively correlated, but there was no significant relationship between mean maximum and minimum temperatures and mean RGI. Clutch size, RGI, and mean mature oocyte diameter (MMOD) of mature females were significantly correlated with length (standard length). Mean length, clutch size, and RGI of mature females in individual collections decreased significantly over the reproductive season. The corresponding decrease in mean MMOD was not significant.     

饲喂模式对生长育肥猪胴体品质和脂质代谢的影响

本试验旨在研究饲喂模式对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体品质和脂质代谢的影响。试验选择48头平均初始体重为(61.4±2.5)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交去势公猪,根据体重按随机区组设计分到自由采食组(自由采食)和限制饲喂频率组(每天饲喂2次)。每个处理8个重复,每个重复3头猪。结果表明:限制饲喂频率组的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、胴体重、屠宰率和平均背膘厚均显著低于自由采食组(P0.05);饲喂模式对猪肉品质相关指标无显著影响(P0.10);限制饲喂频率组脂肪组织中苹果酸酶(ME)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)的活力显著低于自由采食组(P0.05);限制饲喂频率组脂肪组织中FAS和过氧化物酶体增生物激活受体γ(PPARγ)的m RNA表达量显著低于自由采食组(P0.05)。综上分析,限制饲喂频率降低了生长育肥猪的生长性能、胴体品质和脂肪沉积,但对肉品质无显著影响,其中限制饲喂频率主要是通过降低脂肪合成减少脂质沉积。     

DPS数据处理软件在切花香石竹保鲜效应中的应用

运用DPS数据处理系统对试验数据进行双因子可重复方差分析,研究不同蔗糖浓度(0%、2%、3%、5%)与不同瓶插深度(5、8.5、12.5cm)对瓶插香石竹的保鲜效应。结果表明:蔗糖浓度对香石竹瓶插寿命和花朵直径有极显著影响(P0.01),瓶插深度对香石竹瓶插寿命有显著影响(P0.05),对其花朵直径增大有极显著影响(P0.01);蔗糖浓度为3%,瓶插深度为12.5cm时香石竹瓶插寿命最长;蔗糖浓度为5%,瓶插深度为8.5cm时香石竹瓶插花朵直径增大量最大,平均增大量达63.55cm。     

Study on Drying Characteristic of Chinese Fir and Poplar Plantation Wood

The drying characteristic was studied for plantation wood of Chinese fir and poplar, which are typical plantation wood of southern and northern part of China, respectively. Through 100-degree-method the drying characteristic and basic drying condition were gotten, then drying schedule was developed for practical drying, the results showed that the drying schedule is suitable for Chinese fir and poplar plantation lumber, but shrinkage is large. The recommendation was made that enough dead weight is needed to decrease shrinkage in drying process. The drying quality of the two species of lumber is good in conventional drying method.     

两种木材干燥窑窑型结构的分析

本文介绍了两种顶吹型干燥窑的结构特征,测定了通过材堆的气流速度、空气再循环比、壳体与环境温度差和对主要技术经济指标等资料的分析,评估它们结构的优缺点。也探讨了橡胶木的干燥基准和过程自动控制问题。     

Effects of temperature on reproductive capacity and longevity of Trissolcus simoni, an egg parasitoid of Eurygaster integriceps

In order to understand the effects of temperature on Trissolcus simoni, some parameters of the life tables of adult parasitoids were investigated under laboratory conditions. The following parameters were measured (the values in parentheses were obtained at 20, 26, and 32 °C temperatures, respectively): net reproductive rate (R_o=37.785, 40.301, and 58.299), intrinsic rate of population increase (r_m=0.111, 0.221, and 0.325), generation time (T=32.77, 16.60, and 12.49 days), doubling time (DT=6.245, 3.136, and 2.133), and finite rate of increase (=1.117, 1.247, and 1.385). Fecundity increased with increasing temperature. The values for total number of eggs deposited per female were 50.1, 64.1, and 68.1, and average female longevity was 24.2, 13.8, and 11.1 days at 20, 26, and 32°C, respectively. Temperature had a significant effect on longevity and oviposition and post-oviposition periods. The results of the study are discussed and compared with life-table parameters of other scelionids.     

连续蚁群算法在水稻灌溉制度优化中的应用

为构建一种新的连续蚁群遗传算法,将优化连续空间变量的蚁群算法与实码加速遗传算法耦合,用蚁群算法将解空间分解成若干子空间,使解的范围均匀而广泛,为找到全局最优解奠定良好基础,且信息素的不断正反馈使问题向着更优解的方向逼近。综合二者的各自特点,通过对查哈阳灌区2006年水稻灌溉制度的优化,检验了该模型不但应用简便,且求解结果精度高、速度快,同时它的出现为制定合理的灌溉制度、提高水利用率提供科学依据,为优化领域提供新思路。     

Carbaryl induced alterations in the reproduction and metabolism of freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata

When the freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata was exposed to sub-lethal doses (2.0, 5.0, and 8.0 mg/L) of carbaryl, fecundity was significantly reduced and even stopped at higher sub-lethal doses and altered metabolic activity in the body tissue of the snail was observed. The change from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism results in lesser energy production in the body tissues of the snails, causing paralysis and finally death. This reduced fecundity and altered metabolism suggests that it would be better to avoid the use of carbaryl pesticides in the water bodies or fields adjoining the water bodies particularly in the rainy season.     

禽流感免疫程序的建立

通过禽流感病毒保护性HI抗体滴度、禽流感母源抗体消长规律以及疫苗免疫抗体消长规律的研究,结合疫苗和诊断试剂质量及血清监测中存在的问题制定了禽流感免疫程序。生产中应用表明,本研究制定的免疫程序是切实可行的。