Molecular Cloning of a Cellulose Synthase Gene PtoCesA1 from Populus tomentosa and Its Genetic Transformation in Tobacco

A 3 125 bp cellulose synthase gene, PtoCesA1, which has a 98% identity to PtrCesA1 from Populus tremuloides, was cloned from cDNA prepared from secondary xylem of P tomentosa. Four anti-expression vectors with different fragments of PtoCesAl, named as pBIPF, pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR, were constructed. Some traits of transformed tobacco of pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR differed from wild types, such as small leaves, ＂dwarf＂ phenotype and thinner xylem and fiber cell walls than wild plants consistent with a loss of cellulose. It indicated that the growth of transgenic tobacco was restrained by the expression of anti-PtoCesA1. Transgenic tobacco was obtained and the contents of cellulose and lignin were analyzed as well as the width and length of fiber cells, and xylem thickness for both transgenic and control plants. Transformed tobacco showed a different phenotype from control plants and it implied that PtoCesA1 was essential for the cellulose biosynthesis in poplar stems.     

A new cytotoxic 1-azaanthraquinone from the stems of Goniothalamus laoticus

A new 1-azaanthraquinone, named laoticuzanone A (1), and a synthetically known 3-methyl-1H-1-azaanthracene-2,9,10-trione (2), together with four known compounds, Griffithazanone A (3), methyl sinapate (4), methyl p-coumarate (5), and p-hydroxyphenylethyl p-coumarate (6) were isolated from the stems of Goniothalamus laoticus. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data as well as comparisons with the previous literature data. Compound 1 showed the highest cytotoxicity against KB and HeLa cells with IC₅₀ values of 0.68 and 0.50 μg/ml, respectively.     

长白落叶松1.5代种子园营建技术

永吉县西阳林木种子园2010年开始进行长白落叶松1.5代种子园建设工作,采用先定砧、后嫁接方式建园。建园材料为88个优良无性系。其中,从第一代种子园生产区中逆向选择无性系47个,优良种源天然林优良林分选择无性系41个。建设总面积20 hm~2,区划为4个大区、18个小区,以小区为单位利用完全随机法配置无性系,为充分异型交配创造条件。     

A new alpha-methylene gamma-lactone sesquiterpene from Hedyosmum arborescens

A new sesquiterpene lactone, 7alpha,10alpha-epoxy-1alpha(H),5alpha(H)-guaia-3,11(13)-dien-8alpha,12-olide, was isolated from the leaves of Hedyosmum arborescens. The structure of this unusual 7,10-epoxy-guaianolide was determined by spectroscopic methods, particularly one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR.     

A new lupene triterpenetriol and anticholinesterase activity of Salvia sclareoides

A new lupene triterpenetriol was isolated from the acetone extract of the aerial parts of Salvia sclareoides and characterised as (1beta,3beta)-lup-20(29)-ene-1,3,30-triol (1). In addition, nepetidin (2), nepeticin (3), lupendiol (4), (1beta,11alpha)-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-3-one (5), ursolic acid (6), sumaresinolic acid (7) and hederagenin (8), were identified in this Salvia sp. To the best of our knowledge, the compounds 2 and 7 are new constituents in Salvia spp. The acetone, ethanol, butanol and water extracts of the plant were screened for the in vitro inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrilcholinesterase (BChE), enzymes which play a role in the Alzheimer disease. All extracts inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity at 10 microg/ml, a remarkable activity since the standard drug rivastigmine does not inhibit acetylcholinesterase at the same concentration. Regarding the butyrilcholinesterase, the acetone extract at 1000 microg/ml was able to inhibit completely the enzyme activity and the butanol and ethanol extracts, at this concentration, produced a potent inhibition of BchE.     

Intratree Variability of Tensile Strength Parallel to Grain in Chinese Fir and 1-214 Poplar from Plantation

The variation of tensile strength parallel to grain in Chinese fir and 1-214 poplar wood from plantations was studied in this paper. Aaccording to the national standards The Testing Methods for Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood （GB 1927 to 1943 -- 1991）, the small clear wood samples were cut and tested, which represent the south and north of trees with heights of 1.3, 3.3, 5.3 and 7.3 m. The results showed： the tensile strength parallel to grain of the north wood was higher than that of south wood. ANOVA shows that the tensile strength parallel to the grain with height is of significant difference （at 0.05 level）.     

惠安——一颗璀灿的海湾绿色明珠

沿海防护林体系建设关系到保护我国70%以上大中城市1.25亿人口和全国60%以上国内生产总值及生态安全。全国海防林建设虽然取得不小成绩,但由于我们工作不扎实,又遭受严重的人为破坏,其总量不足,基干林尚未合拢,红树林面积骤减7成(由6万hm2减至目前的2万hm2),试想一旦有海啸发生后果将不堪设想!在此严峻形势下,我们在福建惠安却看到另一番景象。基干林带基本合拢、红树林面积大幅度增加,两个生态屏障(海上木麻黄+红树林)和陆上山地生态保护林带基本建成,一个海湾型县级城市森林生态系统已见雏型。惠安经验对全国沿海城市生态林建设具有典型意义。惠安的一批像林竑斌式的青年科技人员,长年坚持在有异味的海水里大造红树林;惠安有一批陈丽英式的惠安女,35年来坚持奋战在盐碱海滩上,百折不挠,终于建成一条136 hm2的沿海木麻黄林带;惠安有一批统领全局求真务实的各级领导班子。我们采访并编撰了这组文章,希望对您有所启迪。       

加快绿色发展 构建和谐社会——在“人与自然和谐发展”绿色论坛开幕式上的致辞

在"人与自然和谐发展"绿色论坛隆重召开之际,请允许我代表全国绿化委员会和国家林业局,代表论坛组委会,对论坛的成功举行表示热烈祝贺!向出席今天论坛开幕式的各级领导和国内外专家,表示热烈的欢迎!       

建设生态绿城 构筑和谐东莞

东莞市在2005年公布的中国GDP排名前100位城市生活质量排名中名列第2位(仅次于深圳,超过上海和北京),这一骄人成绩与东莞市近年来大力推进绿色生态建设分不开。现将东莞市人民政府副市长李小梅在第二届中国城市森林论坛上的讲话摘发于下,以飨读者。       

米良一号猕猴桃的组织培养研究

米良一号猕猴桃外植体在不同激素的MS培养基上培养．结果表明：①诱导培养基以MS 1．0mg／L ZT为好，材料不经转移可直接分化出丛生芽，ZT浓度在1．5mg／L以上时，对愈伤组织形成有抑制作用，且在1．5mg／L ZT的同时．加0．5mg／L 6-AB，这2种细胞分裂素超量后的抑制作用是累加的，致使抑制作用加剧无芽茎段褐化死亡；②出芽周期长短与茎段年龄和有芽无芽有关，成熟茎段出芽早，幼嫩茎段出芽迟，有芽茎段出芽早，无芽茎段出芽迟，幼嫩的无芽茎段出芽虽晚30d左右．但由愈伤组织形成的丛芽多得多；③米良一号生根能力不强，出芽后不经生根诱导不能生根，1／2MS 1．0mg／L IBA 30g／L蔗糖，有较好的诱导生根作用；④叶片培养再生率正交实验结果表明生长素优先因子顺序为ZT、6-BA、NAA、TDZ，叶的最佳诱导分化培养基为MS 10mg／LBA 0．2mg／L NAA 1．0mg／L TDZ。