黄芸香仿黑胡桃薄木的染色技术研究

对黄芸香(Cantkeya Corniculata)薄木仿黑胡桃木的染色技术进行了探索,结果表明:黄芸香薄木仿黑胡桃木染色的最佳条件是使用进口酸性染料,染料浓度为0．3‰,兰纳赛脱黑B与弱酸棕RL配比为2．5∶1(质量比),温度为80～90℃,时间约为30min,薄木不经漂白处理,选用乙酸调节pH值,pH值在4．5～5之间,NaCl浓度为0．05％时,染色效果较接近。     

7种食用色素对香石竹的染色效应

探讨了7种食用色素对香石竹的染色效应。结果表明：香石竹对日落黄和柠檬黄适应性较好;其次为亮蓝、胭脂红和苋菜红,对鸡蛋黄和果绿适应性较差。不同食用色素适宜的染色浓度和染色时间分别为日落黄12 g/L、3 h,柠檬黄6 g/L、3 h,亮蓝9 g/L、4 h,胭脂红9 g/L、4 h,苋菜红3 g/L、4 h,鸡蛋黄6 g/L、6 h,果绿12 g/L、6 h,适宜的pH值分别为8.0、8.9、6.6、8.9、9.2、8.3和7.6。切花开放程度大时染色速度快,花枝去叶与否对染色效果影响不明显。染色后的香石竹瓶插寿命显著缩短,但能达到切花所要求的4-6 d的观赏期。     

人造薄木制造新工艺的研究

本研究探讨了以胶合板常用材料柳安、杨木、桦木等为原料制造人造薄木的技术可行性，重点研究了单板漂白脱色、染色以及木方的湿状层积组合工艺，并对人造薄木性能进行了测定。结果表明：本研究研制的人造薄木的各项性能指标与国外同类产品相近，为人造薄木生产工艺的进一步发展提供了初步的经验。     

杨木单板染色工艺与表面材色的关系

试材为I-214杨木单板,以染料酸性大红GR和活性艳蓝KN-R为染化试剂,选取染液质量分数、染色温度、浸染时间为考察工艺因子,进行单板染色试验。通过多光源分光测色计测定染色单板的表面材色,用CIE(1976)L*a*b*Diagram对其进行颜色表征。结果表明:染色单板表面材色与着色度的变化与染液质量分数、染色温度、浸染时间的关系不同,高温下染色时染液质量分数增大,着色度(ΔE*ab)提高;染色时间延长,着色度有所增加或无明显变化;染色温度对表面染色影响较小。酸性染料和活性染料染色的单板材色变化幅度接近。     

An approach to the influence of particle size distribution of leuco vat dye converted by a reducing agent

Three vat dyes have been applied to regular viscose rayon and their dyeing and wash fastness properties were evaluated. Particle size determination was undertaken to obtain information about the size of dye particles converted by a reducing agent, to see if dye particle size has an affect on dyeing properties of regular viscose rayon. It is observed that viscose rayon exhibits more dyeability with reducing agent concentrations between 5–7.5 g/l. Also, we found that the vat dyeing system is greatly affected by the particle size of the vat dye converted to leuco form by a reducing agent.     

Dyeing properties and colour fastness of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cassia tora L.</Emphasis> extract

A natural colorant was extracted fromCassia tora L. using buffer solutions (pH: 2–11) as extractants. The dyeing solution (Cassia tora L. extract) extracted using pH 9 buffer solution was found to give the highest K/S values of dyed fabrics. Cotton and silk fabrics were dyed withCassia tora L. extract at 60°C for 60 min with pre-treatment of various metal salts as mordants. It was found thatCassia tora L. extract was polygenetic dyestuffs and its major components were anthraquinones. Studies have been made on the effects of the kind of mordant on dyeing properties and colour fastnesses of cotton and silk fabrics. The K/S of cotton fabrics increased in the order of the dyeing using FeSO₄>CuSO₄>ZnSO₄>MnSO₄≅Al₂(SO₄)₃>NiSO₄>none, however, the K/S of silk fabrics increased in the order of the dyeing using FeSO₄>CuSO₄>ZnSO₄≅Al₂(SO₄)₃>MnSO₄≅NiSO₄>none. It was found that the K/S values of dyed fabrics were largely affected by the colour difference (ΔE) between mordanted fabric and control fabric. However, they were not depended on the content of mordanted metal ion of the fabrics. Mordants FeSO₄ and CuSO₄ for cotton fabric, FeSO₄, CuSO₄, and Al₂(SO₄)₃ for silk fabric were found to give good light fastness (rating 4).     

Dyeing and fastness properties of a reactive disperse dye on PET, nylon, silk and N/P fabrics

Dyeing and color fastness properties of a reactive disperse dye containing an acetoxyethylsulphone group on PET, Nylon, silk and N/P fabrics were examined. The reactive disperse dye exhibited almost the same dyeing properties on PET fabric as a conventional disperse dye except the level of dye uptake. The most appropriate pH and dyeing temperature for the dyeing of Nylon fabric were 7 and 100°C respectively. The build-up on Nylon fabric was good and various color fastnesses were good to excellent due to the formation of the covalent bond. Application of the reactive disperse dye on silk fabric at pH 9 and 80°C yielded optimum color strength. The rate of dyeing on Nylon fabric was faster than that on PET fabric when both fabrics were dyed simultaneously in a dye bath, accordingly color strength of the dyed Nylon was higher. The reactive disperse dye can be applied for one-step and one-bath dyeing of N/P mixture fabric with good color fastness.     

染色工艺对染色桦木单板耐水牢度的影响

通过分析染色单板在65℃水煮1h后明度差与色差的变化,研究染色工艺对染色单板耐水牢度的影响。结果显示,提高染料浓度、延长染色时间,适宜的NaCl用量、pH值和温度都能提高染色单板的耐水颜色牢度;增加平平加O用量却使染色单板颜色耐水牢度下降。各个因子对明度差的影响同样重要,在α=90%水平下未达到显著差异;然而各因子对于色差的影响在α=90%水平下有显著差异。染料和NaCl浓度的影响最重要。随后是pH值,第3位是平平加O用量,温度和时间对颜色稳定性影响最小。单靠改变染色工艺,对染色单板的耐水牢度提高有限,染色后的单板还要靠后续的固色处理来提高其耐水性能。     

利用苯胺蓝染色法对苹果果实角质膜发育品质的评价

为探索苯胺蓝染色法与判定苹果果实角质膜发育品质的相关性，对6个不同品种苹果果实进行染色试验，并测定角质膜厚度、果点密度大小、表皮细胞大小和果形指数，通过电镜观察果面皮孔及蜡质裂纹发生情况，最后对染色结果与角质膜结构指标进行相关分析。结果表明，染色结果与皮孔闭合程度及其周围蜡质裂纹愈合状况以及果面蜡质裂纹的发生情况存在相关性，与角质膜厚度等结构指标相关性不明显。苹果果实贮藏前苯胺蓝染色试验可判定果实皮孔及果面蜡质裂纹发育品质，对贮藏期间由于角质膜发育不完善引起的失水失鲜、呼吸伤害和相关表皮病害等可以提供一个指示，染色结果与品种的耐贮性没有直接关系。