外源重组蛋白制备鹅免疫球蛋白轻链特异性多克隆抗体

采用RT-PCR方法扩增鹅免疫球蛋白轻链恒定区编码序列(GoIgCL),构建原核表达载体pET30a-IgCL,在RosettaTM(DE3)pLysS宿主菌中表达鹅免疫球蛋白轻链恒定区重组蛋白rGoCL,以纯化后rGoCL作为免疫原制备兔抗GoIgL多克隆抗体,对多抗进行鉴定分析.结果表明,rGoCL在大肠杆菌中获得可溶性表达,可代替天然分离的轻链作为免疫原制备轻链特异性抗体,多抗效价为1 204800.研究为鹅免疫球蛋白的蛋白结构、功能分析以及鹅免疫诊断试剂研发奠定基础.     

Thermal degradation kinetics of bioactive compounds from black rice flour (Oryza sativa L.) extracts

The effect of thermal processing on the degradation of the phytochemicals in black rice flour by means of fluorescence spectroscopy and degradation kinetics was investigated. In order to investigate the influence of food matrices, a comparative analysis between integral rice flour and different fractions was performed. The preliminary compositional results suggested a higher content in phytochemicals in fraction four of the seven fractions of black rice flour, which was sifting through a sieve with a diameter of 180 μm. The compositional complexity was highlighted by fluorescence spectroscopy. The heat-treatment caused structural changes that led to red- or blue-shifts in maximum emission. The first-order kinetic model was used to describe the mechanism of degradation. The activation energies were 10.07 ± 1.04 kJ/mol for total polyphenolic, 7.26 ± 0.58 kJ/mol for total monomeric anthocyanins and 6.71 ± 1.12 kJ/mol for antioxidant activity in case of integral flour extract. For fraction four extract obtained by, the E_a values were: 3.51 ± 0.53 kJ/mol, 11.49 ± 1.47 kJ/mol, 15.80 ± 1.50 kJ/mol and 19.91 ± 3.27 kJ/mol, respectively. The calculated values of the activation energy revealed higher temperature dependence of total polyphenols in integral flour and of antioxidant activity in fraction four, respectively.     

Effect of climate change on Spodoptera litura Fab. on peanut: A life table approach

Investigations were conducted to understand the direct effects of rising temperature and the host-mediated effects of elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) on Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). This study involved i. the construction of life tables of S. litura at six constant temperatures viz., 20, 25, 27, 30, 33 and 35°C ± 0.5 °C reared on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown under eCO₂ (550 ppm) concentration in open top chambers ii. Estimation of threshold temperatures and thermal constants and iii. Prediction of the pest scenarios during near and distant future climate change periods. Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon and a higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C:N) were observed in peanut foliage grown under eCO₂ over ambient CO₂ (aCO₂). The mean development time (days) of each stage, egg, larva, pupa, pre-oviposition and total life span decreased from 20 to 35 °C temperature on eCO₂ foliage. The thermal requirement of S. litura from egg to egg (within the range of 20 °C–35 °C) was 538.5 DD on eCO₂ as against 494.5 DD on aCO₂ foliage. Finite (λ) and intrinsic rates of increase (r_m), net reproductive rate (R_o), mean generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) of S. litura varied significantly with temperature and CO₂ and were found to have quadratic relationships with temperature. The present results on life table parameters estimated by the bootstrap technique showed that the ‘r_m’ values of S. litura on eCO₂ foliage were higher than those in the literature indicating a significant influence of eCO₂. The reduction of ‘T’ was noticed from a maximum of 50 days at 20 °C to minimum of 22 days at 35 °C and ‘λ’ which is the indicator of reproductive value of new eggs was highest at 35 °C and showed a negative relationship with temperature. The data on these life table parameters were plotted against temperature and two non-linear models developed for both CO₂ conditions and used for predicting the pest scenarios. Prediction of pest scenarios based on PRECIS A1B emission scenario data at eleven peanut growing locations of the country during near future (NF) and distant future (DF) climate change periods showed an increase of ‘r_m’ and ‘λ’ with varied ‘R_o’ and reduced ‘T’. The present results indicate that temperature and CO₂ are vital in influencing the growth and life table parameters of S. litura and that pest incidence is likely to be higher in the future.     

中国—东盟进出口贸易的出口影响因素研究——基于固定市场份额模型（CMS）的分析

自2010年1月中国—东盟自由贸易区的建成,东盟已经成为继欧盟和美国之后中国的第三大贸易伙伴。中国与东盟具有地理位置相近、自然资源禀赋互补、出口产品结构相似、进出口贸易互补等许多优点,这为其进一步发展提供了许多便利。但是,中国—东盟也呈现着出口商品趋同、主要出口对象相似等问题,其一定程度上制约彼此贸易往来。一方面,中国应利用好中东贸易区建设的有利契机,配合区内其他国家,制定好互利共赢的政策;另一方面,要警惕中国对外出口贸易中出现的高技术制造业出口国的“假象”,在继续重视市场规模效应的同时,更加注重商品结构效应。     

Suitability of tef varieties in mixed wheat flour bread matrices: A physico-chemical and nutritional approach

Wheat flour replacement from 0 to 40% by single tef flours from three Ethiopian varieties DZ-01-99 (brown grain tef), DZ-Cr-37 (white grain tef) and DZ-Cr-387 (Quncho, white grain tef) yielded a technologically viable ciabatta type composite bread with acceptable sensory properties and enhanced nutritional value, as compared to 100% refined wheat flour. Incorporation of tef flour from 30% to 40% imparted discreet negative effects in terms of decreased loaf volume and crumb resilience, and increase of crumb hardness in brown tef blended breads. Increment of crumb hardness on aging was in general much lower in tef blended breads compared to wheat bread counterparts, revealing slower firming kinetics, especially for brown tef blended breads. Blended breads with 40% white tef exhibited similar extent and variable rate of retrogradation kinetics along storage, while brown tef-blended breads retrograded slower but in higher extent than control wheat flour breads. Breads that contains 40% tef grain flour were found to contain five folds (DZ-01-99, DZ-Cr-387) to 10 folds (DZ-Cr-37) Fe, three folds Mn, twice Cu, Zn and Mg, and 1.5 times Ca, K, and P contents as compared to the contents found in 100% refined wheat grain flour breads. In addition, suitable dietary trends for lower rapidly digestible starch and starch digestion rate index were met from tef grain flour fortified breads.     

微波消解-恒pH滴定法快速测定粮食中的粗蛋白

为建立一种快速测定食品中粗蛋白质的新型分析方法,选择小麦为样品,用硫酸一过氧化氢混合溶液为消解剂,利用微波压力程序加热技术快速消解样品,用甲醛法将NH4 转化为H ,以KOH为标准溶液,用恒pH滴定法进行测定.结果表明:小麦干基粗蛋白的含量在14%～17%之间,RSD1.2%～2.1%(n=6或12).与经典方法对照测定,经F检验和t检验表明两者之间无显著性差异(置信度95%).该法操作简单、快速,试剂用量少,空白值低,工作效率大大提高,结果令人满意.     

Comparison of fentanyl and hydromorphone constant rate infusions for pain management in dogs in an intensive care unit

Objective

To compare the efficacy and quality of analgesia provided by constant rate infusions (CRIs) of hydromorphone and fentanyl in dogs in the intensive care unit (ICU).

臭氧氧化水中多菌灵的动力学研究

在半序批反应器中,研究了O3氧化水中多菌灵的动力学,确定了相对于O3和水中多菌灵的臭氧化反应的反应级数。结果表明,O3氧化多菌灵为准2级反应,水中多菌灵的臭氧化反应速率方程为:k=1.11×exp(-48864/RT)(L.mol-1.s-1),表观反应活化能约为48.86 kJ.mol-1。     

线性变形土介质上等截面直梁的弯曲常数

本文假定地基反力按幂级数形式分布.并视地基土为半无限弹性体,推导地基梁的弯曲常数公式,对“常数法”解地下框架有一定实用意义。本文的弯曲常数公式,与一般杆件的相应公式比较,多一修正项,其值取决于地基土的性质和地基梁的刚度,并可编制成计算程序在微机上运算。公式表明,由于地基反力的存在,梁端单位转动时或单位位移时,各则相应的本端剪力和本端弯矩并不相等,但功的互等定理依然成立。     

理想电网条件下双馈风力发电系统低电压穿越技术的控制策略研究

随着风电在电网所占比例的不断增大,提高风机在故障条件下的不间断运行能力越来越重要。通过分析交流励磁变速恒频双馈风机的运行特点,建立双馈风力发电系统的并网数学模型;针对电网电压小幅对称跌落,在不增加硬件成本的基础上,改进传统双馈发电机矢量控制策略,加入前馈补偿项来抑制电压小幅跌落时转子中的过电流,提高双馈风力发电系统的低压穿越能力。在MATLAB/SIMULINK中验证控制策略的合理性,为以后深入研究双馈风力发电系统提供了基础。