苏丹混合原油加剂常温输送工艺研究

对苏丹输油管道的加剂常温输送工艺进行了研究,介绍了苏丹混合原油降凝剂的研制开发、分析了加剂苏丹混合原油流变性和模拟技术以及结蜡规律,在借鉴已有的应用加剂综合处理输送技术的基础上,成功地将该项技术应用于苏丹外输管道,该项技术的应用,减少了一次性管道建设的投资,节省了大量的燃油费,取得了良好的经济效益.     

函数域的Minkowski常数(英)

对有限域Eq上某些函数域K（包括全实函数域和二次函数域）给出Minkowski常数Mk。使K的每个分式理想类包含次数≤Mk整理想AOk。     

基于MATLAB的改进BP神经网络的实现与比较

本文在Black-Scholes型市场中引入机会收益的概念,并利用文[4]中提出的在险收益的风险概念,建立了机会收益-在险收益(EaC-EaR)动态投资决策模型maxR=E[Xπ(T)|Xπ(T)≥ρ1-β(x,π,T)]s.t.EaR(x,π,T)≤Cπ∈Rd,其中C是事先给定的某风险水平,ρ1-β(x,π,T)是期末财富Xπ(T)的1-β下侧分位数.通过对该模型的讨论,得到了最优常数再调整策略的显式表达式以及投资组合的有效前沿,阐明的金融学涵义包括:在EaC-EaR投资组合模型下,风险中性市场中的最优常数再调整投资策略是纯债券投资策略,而风险非中性市场中的最优常数再调整投资策略蕴涵了两基金分离定理的成立.另外,β=1时的均值-在险收益(M-EaR)模型maxR=E[Xπ(T)]s.t.EaR(x,π,T)≤Cπ∈Rd正是上述模型的特款.     

Experimental verification of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Lasioderma serricorne</Emphasis> (F.) pupa development threshold previously defined using the thermal constant equation K=D(T−t)

This work verifies the development threshold of the pupal stage of L. serricorne whose larva fed exclusively on dried tobacco leaves. In previous work, using the thermal constant equation, this threshold was found to be 13.8 °C and the thermal constant to range from 89.05 to 94.05 day-degrees (°C). Lower temperatures, 10.5±0.5, 11.5±0.5 and 12.5±0.5 °C, close to this threshold, were tested in the absence of light and at a relative humidity of 65±3% . It was found that no development of either larva or pupa exists below this threshold     

Dielectric relaxation due to heterogeneous structure in moist wood

Dielectric properties in three main directions for hinoki wood (Chamaecyparis obtusa) specimens conditioned at various levels of relative humidity were measured in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 10 MHz over the temperature range from −150°C to 20°C. Three relaxations were observed in the specimens conditioned at high levels of relative humidity. The relaxation in the highest frequency range was ascribed to the motions of adsorbed water molecules. The relaxation in the middle frequency range remained unchanged by the ethanol–benzene extraction of specimens. The relaxation location was independent of measuring directions. The relaxation in the lowest frequency range was not detected in the specimens impregnated with methyl methacrylate (MMA). This result suggested that the relaxation was due to electrode polarization. The Cole-Cole circular arc law applied well to two relaxations recognized in the specimens impregnated with MMA. The relaxation magnitude in the middle frequency range was extremely large, and the distribution of relaxation times was very narrow. These characteristics suggested relaxation of the Maxwell-Wagner type resulting from the interfacial polarization in the heterogeneous structure, which included adsorbed water with large electrical conductivity within the insulating cell walls.     

梯度恒温对松白粉蚧实验种群的影响

在人工气候箱内设7个温度处理松白粉蚧成虫,9个温度处理松白粉蚧卵。结果表明:温度对松白粉蚧越冬代成虫死亡率、产卵量、卵孵化率有显著影响。卵的发育起点温度约为13℃,有效积温为456.7日度,发育最适温度在25℃左右;在21~27℃时,卵的孵化率在90%以上,差异不显著,但在33~36℃,卵几乎不孵化,用线性日度模型、王氏模型与Logistic模型对卵的发育速率进行拟合,均有较好的相关性和拟合度。试验结果与野外试验得出的结论基本一致:高温是新侵入地区松白粉蚧夏季种群数量显著下降的原因之一。     

家具检测用环境舱恒温恒湿系统方案改进

对所研制的第一代环境舱恒温恒湿系统进行实验及分析,分析环境舱内壁结霜凝水以及检测甲醛和TVOC不够准确等问题产生的原因,并提出具有针对性的改进方案。实验表明,改进后的系统可有效解决上述问题,能够精确控制环境舱内部温湿度的恒定,从而保证环境舱在工作过程中对样品分析结果的准确性。     

Influence of ketamine or xylazine supplementation on isoflurane anaesthetized horses‐ a controlled clinical trial

ObjectivesTo determine the influence of ketamine or xylazine constant rate infusions on isoflurane requirements, cardiovascular parameters and quality of anaesthesia in horses undergoing elective surgery.Study designProspective, matched paired clinical trial.AnimalsFifty four adult Warmblood horses.MethodsAfter premedication with acepromazine, xylazine and butorphanol, anaesthesia was induced with ketamine-midazolam and maintained with isoflurane alone (I), isoflurane with either 1 mg kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹ ketamine (IK) or same dose of xylazine (IX). End tidal concentration of isoflurane (Fe’Iso) was adjusted by the same anaesthetist in all horses according to a scoring system. Dobutamine was infused to maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) =70 mmHg. Arterial blood gases, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate, MAP and cardiac output (lithium dilution) were measured. Groups I and IK received xylazine before recovery. Recovery quality was scored.ResultsMean ± SD averaged Fe’Iso (volume%) was significantly lower in IX (0.95 ± 0.07) and IK (0.97 ± 0.08) than in I (1.16 ± 0.13). In group IX, HR was significantly lower and averaged MAP (90 ± 13 mmHg) significantly higher than in groups I (71 ± 7 mmHg) and IK (76 ± 7 mm Hg). Differences in other cardiopulmonary variables did not reach statistical significance. All horses recovered well with best score in group IX.ConclusionsBoth CRIs of xylazine and of ketamine resulted in pronounced reduction of isoflurane requirements and blood pressure support based on routinely monitored parameters. Cardiac output appeared well maintained in all three protocols, but lithium dilution induced errors mean the results are untrustworthy. The work requires repetition with another mode of measurement of cardiac output.Clinical relevanceAll three protocols provided good clinical anaesthesia with clinically acceptable cardiovascular effects.     

中国大宗农产品国际竞争力的出口效应分析

【目的】大宗农产品是中国国际贸易中的基础性商品,研究其国际竞争力对出口的影响,为改善中国大宗农产品贸易条件提供理论依据。【方法】基于联合国贸易数据库2001~2018年相关贸易数据,综合运用国际市场占有率指数和恒定市场份额模型分析中国大宗农产品国际竞争力对出口的影响效应。【结果】2001~2018年中国大宗农产品国际竞争力MS指数由5.63%上升至6.93%,对出口增长的贡献率为33.05%,其中,糖及糖食、棉花及制品的MS指数分别由0.96%、11.22%上升至4.62%、28.12%,出口贡献率分别为33.77%和47.94%,谷物和油料产品的MS指数分别由3.10%、4.94%下降至0.94%、2.69%,出口贡献率分别为-859.52%、-14.81%。【结论】中国大宗农产品国际竞争力提升是出口增长的重要驱动因素,具体竞争力的出口效应高于整体竞争力;糖及糖食、棉花及制品国际竞争力提升的出口增长贡献率较大,而谷物和油料国际竞争力下降对其出口有显著阻碍作用。     

1-site/2-pKa表面络合模型预测土壤中Cd2+的吸附及生物有效性

土壤中重金属的生物有效性与其在土壤中的吸附行为密切相关,本研究选取我国9个不同类型的非石灰性土壤,探究了Cd²⁺在土壤中的吸附过程。通过电位滴定获得土壤表面酸碱性质（pK_a1和pK_a2）,基于1-site/2-pK_a模型,使用ECOSAT和FIT拟合得到土壤与Cd²⁺的络合常数（lg K _{（SOCd⁺）}）,结果显示该模型能很好地描述Cd²⁺在土壤中的吸附过程。为了进一步探究土壤性质对Cd吸附固定的影响,通过逐步回归分析了pK_a1、pK_a2、lg K _{（SOCd⁺）}与土壤性质间的关系,发现土壤pH和CEC是pK_a1的主控因子,土壤pH同时也是pK_a2、lg K _{（SOCd⁺）}的主控因子。为了验证模型的可靠性,结合历史文献,基于土壤pH和CEC预测了历史文献中土壤表面酸碱性质和lg K _{（SOCd⁺）},利用得到的参数预测了Cd的吸附过程,发现预测值与实测值之间有很好的相关性,该模型能解释86%的变异。此外,利用回归模型得到的结合常数预测了历史文献中土壤溶液中的Cd含量,发现模型预测的Cd含量与蚯蚓体内Cd含量同样具有很好的相关性,能解释83%的变异。本研究基于Cd²⁺在不同性质土壤中的吸附行为,使用广义复合法建立的表面络合模型可以描述Cd²⁺在非石灰性土壤中的吸附与分配过程。