九连山碟斗青冈群落结构及小气候特征分析

根据16个样方共1600m2面积调查统计,九连山碟斗青冈(Cyclobalanopsis disciformis)群落共有维管束植物45科64属83种,区系地理成分以热带、泛热带分布的热带性成分为主,占总属数的75.81%。群落最小面积为1600m2。物种多样性Shannon-Wiener指数为4.58,均匀度为84.4%。高位芽植物占总数的82%,以中型叶、革质叶、单叶和全缘叶占优势。该群落与中亚热带常绿阔叶林有显著区别,具有典型的亚热带常绿阔叶林沟谷雨林的特征,属于从中亚热带向南亚热带常绿阔叶林过渡的类型。群落垂直结构层次明显,可分为乔木层、灌木层和草本层,并有非常丰富的层间植物。目前几个优势种群的年龄结构趋于暂时的稳定。茂密而结构复杂的常绿阔叶林,调节夏季最高和平均气温的能力较强,调节冬季最低和平均气温的能力较弱,林内较林外极值呈现夏低冬高的特点。茂密而结构复杂的常绿阔叶林具有较大的促进降水作用,保持空气湿度具有较大作用。     

浙江天童山小叶青冈种群种子雨和地表种子库动态研究

对浙江天童山小叶青冈山坡(种群1)和沟谷(种群2)立地类型2个种群的种子雨及地表种子库动态状况进行研究,结果表明:种子雨持续时间达64 d,11月底—12月上、中旬为种子散落盛期,占总数散落量的60%;小叶青冈的种子产量高,种子雨散落的平均密度大,种群1和种群2的密度分别为515.3粒.m-2和478.4粒.m-2;在地表种子库中,完好种子的存留密度分别为16个.m-2和11个.m-2,动物捕食是种子受损的主要原因,2个种群分别占89.2%和90.5%;小叶青冈种群高的种子产量、低的种子存留率等环节限制了低山青冈种群的天然更新。     

Biocycle of nitrogen in a Cyclobalanopsis glauca-dominated evergreen broad-leaved forest in East China

The nitrogen (N) cycling was elucidated in a 40-year-old subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest dominated by Cyclobalanopsis glauca growing on red soil in Zhejiang Province, East China. The concentrations of N in the representative species ranged from 0.49% to 1.64%, the order of which in various layers was liana and herb layers > understory layer > tree and subtree layers; in various organs was leaf > branch > root > trunk; and aboveground parts > underground parts. The sequence of the concentrations of N in C. glauca was understory > tree > subtree layer; young and high-growing > old organs; reproductive > vegetative organs. Seasonal dynamics of the concentrations of N in C. glauca in the tree and subtree layers was comparatively stable. It was lower in autumn (October) in root, branch, and leaf in the tree layer, and low in January in the understory. There was no evident change in regularity of the concentrations of N in varying diameter classes. The concentrations of N in the litterfall, precipitation, throughfall, litter layer, and soil were 0.74%–2.30%, 0.000,038%, 0.000,09%, 1.94%, and 0.59%, respectively. The standing crop of N in the plant community was 1,025.28 kg/hm², accumulation in the litter layer was 224.88 kg/hm², and reserve in the soil was 55,151 kg/hm². Annual retention of N was 119.47 kg/hm², return was about 84.13 kg/hm², among which litterfall was 78.49 kg/hm² and throughfall, 5.64 kg/hm². Annual absorption of N was 203.60 kg/hm². Annual input of N through incident precipitation was 4.88 kg/hm². Compared with other forest types, cycling rate of N in the community was lower than in deciduous broad-leaved forests, rain forests, and mangroves, and was moderate in evergreen broad-leaved forests. N use efficiency of this forest was moderate among the forest types cited. According to the characteristics of the biocycle of phosphorous, it was concluded that N availability in the soil of this forest was not lower, and phosphorous not N was the limiting factor in the growth of plants in this community. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(4): 740–748 [译自: 生态学报, 2005, 25(4): 740–748]     

浙江九龙山青冈林的数值分类

用等级聚合分类方法中的组平均法对浙江省九龙山以６种青冈分别组成的典型常绿阔叶林进行数值分类。结果表明，主要有７个类型（群系）：青冈栎常绿阔叶林，云山青冈常绿阔叶林，褐叶青冈常绿阔叶林，小叶青冈常绿阔叶林，细叶青冈常绿阔叶林，多脉青冈常绿阔叶林及多脉青冈落叶阔叶混交林。并对其组成和分布进行了论述。     

福建青冈天然林种群结构特征和物种多样性

采用相邻格子法,对闽北建瓯福建青冈天然林进行群落调查,分析了福建青冈群落的种类组成、群落物种多样性.结果表明:建瓯福建青冈群落有明显的乔木层,郁闭度较大,林下植被较少;综合分析多样性各个指数,可知建瓯福建青冈群落的单一性较强,多数种群的扩展受到限制,虽然该群落目前是以福建青冈为优势树种的进展演替阶段,但如果一旦生境改变...     

桂林岩溶石山青冈栎种内与种间竞争的数量关系

根据野外调查数据,采用Hegyi单木竞争指数模型,定量地研究了桂林岩溶石山建群种青冈栎的种内、种间竞争关系.结果表明,青冈栎所受到的竞争强度随着林木径级的增大而逐渐减小,种内竞争明显较种间竞争剧烈.青冈栎种内和种间竞争强度的顺序为:青冈栎＞石山樟＞亮叶槭＞圆叶乌桕＞光叶海桐＞翅荚香槐＞梧桐＞黄连木＞铁屎米＞粗康柴.整个林分以及青冈栎种内对对象木的的竞争强度与对象木胸径之间的关系近似服从幂函数关系,而伴生树种对对象木的竞争强度与对象木胸径之间的关系近似服从对数函数关系,对象木胸径与竞争强度间呈显著负相关关系.     

毛果青冈1年生苗各器官干物质生产分配及相关关系

通过播种育苗,研究毛果青冈Cyclobalanopsis pachyloma1年生苗各器官干物质生产分配的变化规律。经定期测定和回归分析,并拟合苗木各器官干物质生产分配及相关关系和异速生长的数学模型,结果表明:苗木干物质的生产分配在出苗期、生长初期和生长盛期末及生长后期以根为主,在生长盛期以叶为主;茎在生长盛期未分配量较多但在整个生长期其分配量均小于根和叶;苗木各器官干物质生产分配与苗木地径、苗高的生长存在着极显著的相关关系;拟合的数学模型效果好,可用来估测和分析毛果青冈1年生苗在各生长时期各器官的干物质生产分配量。图1表4参11     

贮藏时间与环境因子对福建青冈种子萌发的影响

鉴于福建青冈种子不易贮藏而导致育苗困难的现实,通过对不同环境条件下福建青冈种子萌发生理特性指标的测定,研究温度、土壤湿度和发芽基质对福建青冈种子萌发的影响。结果表明：福建青冈种子萌发率、含水率和可溶性糖含量随着储藏时间的延长均呈明显的下降趋势;4℃条件下贮藏3个月后福建青冈种子丧失萌发力;温度、土壤湿度是影响福建青冈种子萌发的主要环境因子,温度25％和土壤含水量24．24％条件下种子的萌发率最高。     

青冈常绿阔叶林的太阳辐射分布特征

通过野外定位观测，对青冈（Ｃｙｃｌｏｂａｌａｎｏｐｓｉｓｇｌａｕｃａ）常绿阔叶林太阳辐射分布特征进行了研究．结果表明，青冈林反射辐射、透射辐射和吸收辐射的季节动态与太阳总辐射的季节动态相似，各辐射分量均为夏季最大，冬季最小，四季中群落的反射率、透射率和吸收率分别为１６％～２２％、９％～１２％和６７％～７４％．林冠层对光强的衰减率达８０％～９０％，且衰减率随太阳高度角的增大而增大．群落中部以下光强的衰减很小     

铁椆抗运动性疲劳作用研究

［目的］研究铁椆抗运动性疲劳的作用。［方法］以容县铁椆果实为试材,干燥粉碎后,用浸提法提取其活性物质。将小鼠随机分为高剂量组、低剂量组、对照组,高、低剂量组灌胃铁椆果实含量分别为200、100 mg/ml的浸提液,对照组灌胃蒸馏水。连续灌胃21 d后,检测对比各组小鼠游泳力竭时间和运动后肝糖原含量、乳酸脱氢酶活性和尿素氮含量等,比较不同浓度提取物的抗运动性疲劳作用。 ［结果］与对照组小鼠相比,灌胃铁椆果实高、低剂量组的小鼠游泳力竭时间显著延长,肝糖原含量显著提高,乳酸脱氢酶含量显著降低;高、低剂量组之间也具有显著差异。［结论］铁椆果实中含有某些抗运动性疲劳物质,具有抗运动性疲劳的作用。