保护地甜椒新品种海丰26号选育初报

引进国外优良的甜椒杂交种，进行花药培养，获得大量花培当代单株。再选留优良花培品系，配制杂交组合，并选择优良的杂交组合进行品比试验和区域试验。并在各地的保护地内进行试种。     

Forestry Out-Grower Schemes

Abstract

The trade relationship between suppliers (e.g., growers) and processors often plays an important role in determining the nature and extent of benefits derived from commercial forestry, and the distribution of these benefits. Those interested in forestry development-whether in industrialized or non-industrialized countries-are becoming increasingly aware that positive partnerships between forest companies and growers can provide a means of encouraging forest management which is environmentally sustainable, cost-efficient and equitable. Forestry out-grower schemes describe one type of partnership emerging between growers and processing companies, as the companies with inadequate forest holdings or access to public forests seek to secure additional supplies to meet the increasing global demand for wood products. However, existing out-grower arrangements vary considerably in their ability to be mutually beneficial, achieve sustainable forest management, and meet the social, technical or economic goals of the partners. This paper reports on recent research in which the authors undertook a survey and analysis of 17 forestry out-grower schemes in 11 countries to assess the extent and location of out-grower schemes world-wide and identify key parameters for successful out-growers schemes to provide guidance to forestry developers, decision makers and participants in such schemes.     

Tissue localisation of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis following artificially induced intracellular and naked bacteraemia

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne's disease or paratuberculosis, a chronic enteritis of ruminants. While Johne's disease is primarily expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, isolation of MAP from extra-intestinal tissues indicates that microbial dissemination via the haematogenous route may occur during the infection. This study examined the movement of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) infected with MAP and the dissemination of MAP following mycobacteraemia induced by IV inoculation over a time frame of 3 days.     

甜菜原生质体培养再生植株的研究

以栽培甜菜的未授精胚珠或胚为外植体，在ＭＳ附加ＮＡＡ和ＢＡ的培养基上诱导愈伤组织，选择胚性愈伤组织进行继代培养，从该愈伤组织分离原生质体并以液体浅层法或半固体琼脂糖法培养在一系列培养基上，植板率为０．０１％～１．２％．再生愈伤组织形成后，转入固体培养基（ＭＳＢ）上培养，再转入分化培养基上分化出苗，分化率可达２．５％，由愈伤组织上切下分化苗在生根培养基上很容易诱导生根。     

黑柄炭角菌的菌种分离及其培养特性

从白蚁蚁巢中长出的黑柄炭角菌菌索分离纯化出黑柄炭角菌菌种，并对该菌的培养特性进行了研究，表明：黑柄炭角菌对葡萄糖、果糖的利用效果较好，蛋白胨、黄豆粉、蚕蛹粉是良好的氮源，柠檬酸对菌丝体生长有促进作用，黑柄炭角菌是一种中温性真菌，在22℃-30℃下均能够生长但最适合培养的温度为25℃-26℃菌丝在PH值为50-8．0之间均能生长，但以6．0左右为最佳。     

狗枣猕猴桃离体培养和快速繁殖研究

[目的]研究狗枣猕猴桃离体培养和快速繁殖技术。[方法]以狗枣猕猴桃幼嫩带芽茎段、幼嫩叶片及叶柄作为外植体,研究其组织培养整个过程,建立快速高效的狗枣猕猴桃快繁体系。[结果]器官发生途径最适宜的外植体为幼嫩叶片。筛选出最适宜腋芽一步成苗的培养基配方为MS+1.25 mg/L 6-BA+0.250 mg/L NAA,腋芽萌发率达92.90%,通过对无菌苗进行生根诱导试验,筛选出最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+0.2 mg/L NAA,生根率100%,平均根数12.5条。[结论]该研究为狗枣猕猴桃产业化生产及优良种质资源的保存工作提供了理论和技术支撑。     

番木瓜组培种苗推广应用的几个关键技术问题

重点讨论番木瓜成龄侧芽外植体污染率高、不同品种继代培养基差异较大、继代苗易发生玻璃化、组培苗诱导生根困难等关键技术问题,并对今后番木瓜组培苗推广应用作了展望。     

灌浆期低温对离体玉米子粒灌浆过程及内源激素的影响

以郑单958为材料,采用子粒离体培养方法,研究灌浆期低温对玉米强、弱势粒灌浆特性及内源激素的影响。研究表明,灌浆期低温分别减缓强、弱势粒平均灌浆速率15%、23%,延长灌浆时间约8 d,最终粒重分别降低3%、9%。低温处理下,GA_3、IAA、ZR含量与灌浆速率显著相关;受低温影响,强、弱势粒的激素含量变化趋势相近,与常温相比,子粒GA_3含量先增加后减少,IAA、ZR含量低于对照,且对弱势粒的影响大于强势粒。低温对内源激素含量的影响是导致灌浆速率降低的主要原因之一。     

甘春20号高产优质栽培因子优化组合研究初探

在河西灌区以春小麦品种甘春20号为试验材料,采用通用旋转回归设计,设置播量、纯氮、P2O5用量3因素5水平,研究不同处理对春小麦产量、籽粒蛋白质含量、沉淀值、干、湿面筋含量、水分含量的影响。结果表明,在播量为593.4万粒/hm^2、纯氮190.5～204.6 kg/hm^2和P2O5为105 kg/hm^2的栽培组合条件下,甘春20号籽粒产量可达7 747.5 kg/hm^2,籽粒蛋白质含量为15.9%,湿面筋含量为39%～43%,干面筋含量14%～16%。此时蛋白质产量为1 228.5 kg/hm^2,达到最高值。采用蛋白质产量为指标能较好地协调籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的矛盾。本品种的沉淀值、面筋膨胀体积、籽粒水分含量与栽培因素无关, 而氮肥利用率较低,播种量偏大,建议在肥料使用上,应以降低播量、稳定磷肥用量、提高氮肥利用效率为原则。     

栽培因子对大豆生长发育及群体产量的影响Ⅰ. 播期、密度、行株距(配置方式)对产量的影响

通过5年10项次的系列试验,研究了影响大豆产量的栽培因子的单因素、多因素对大豆器官生长发育和群体产量的影响,分析了栽培因子的实施效应。播期、密度、行株距配置试验研究结果表明:一般夏大豆品种较早播种,生长稳健,分枝、有效荚数和单株粒重增加,有利于高产;不同株型类型品种的适宜密度有显著差异,主茎型>分枝紧凑型>分枝松散型,在适宜密度条件下均可达到较高产量水平;缩小行距,有利于增加群体数量,叶面积指数增加;适当增加株距,有利于改善单株生育状况和后期透光条件,提高单株生产力。因此,夏大豆产区实现田间最佳分布措施是缩小行距,扩大株距。