棉种介电分选的试验研究

介电分选是一种新型的种子分选方法,具有结构简单、适应性强、分选效果好和可按种子活力进行分级的特点.电导率是反映种子活力的一个重要指标,分选电压是影响介电分选效果的一个重要因素,为了探讨电导率与分选电压之间的关系,介绍了棉种介电分选的原理,并在不同的分选电压条件下对棉种电导率进行了测定,同一条件下重复测定5次,所得数据用DPS统计软件进行分析处理.结果表明,分选电压对棉种电导率有影响,且回归效果显著.     

沈阳市优质高产水稻品种品比试验研究

对引进的14个水稻新品种进行品比试验,鉴定各品种的丰产性、抗逆性及适应条件。试验表明:适合在沈阳地区示范推广的主要品种为辽星1号、千重浪2号、盐粳68、辽优1052和盐丰47;辽优1052相对比较适宜沈阳市以南的中晚熟稻区,并提出了部分品种在推广中应注意的问题,为水稻品种的选用提供参考。     

等离子体种子处理技术的试验及应用

等离子体种子处理技术是一项农业新技术。以玉米和水稻为例,验证等离子体种子处理技术的实际效果。试验结果表明：水稻和玉米种子经过处理后,最高增产分别达到106．0kg／667m^2、125．0kg／667m^2,且作物长势旺盛,基本不发生病虫害,减少了农药支出,有利于农业生态环境的保护,具有良好的经济效益和享十会效益,     

基于ADAMS的农用汽车前悬架仿真试验研究

为解决农用运输车前悬架存在振动过大等问题,基于ADAMS软件对农用汽车前悬架进行模拟仿真试验,以指导农用运输车前悬架的优化设计,使其具备更好的动力学性能。优化结果：上横臂长度、上横臂在汽车横向平面的倾角为332.6mm、12.5°,下横臂长度、下横臂在汽车横向平面的倾角为516.5mm、6.5°,车轮接地点的侧向滑移量由初始的19.783mm下降为3.2911mm。     

东北地区日光温室非洲菊高效栽培探析

结合非洲菊的生长特性,从繁殖、定植、苗期管理、花期管理、生育期中温、光、水肥、病虫害及采后管理等方面介绍了非洲菊的高效栽培技术,为非洲菊在东北地区的大面积种植,提高东北地区非洲菊鲜切花产量提供了理论依据。     

优良食味新品种苏香粳3号栽培特性和成香机理研究

[目的]了解苏香粳3号的栽培特性和成香机理.[方法]研究了苏香粳3号的栽培特性,利用特异引物检测了其香味的基因型,并利用全二维时间质谱(GC×GC-TOFMS)分析了致香物组分.[结果]苏香粳3号播种量为90.0 kg/hm2、施氮量为225.0 kg/hm2时采取直播栽培产量最高;苏香粳3号的抗、耐高温逆境的能力较好,并且较适宜网室栽培.香味基因检测结果表明苏香粳3号受fgr基因控制,第2外显子存在7 bp的碱基缺失.利用全二维时间质谱分析获得了香稻特征化合物2-乙酰基吡咯啉含量为0.021 5 mg/kg和初步的致香物组分.[结论]为苏香粳3号的推广应用提供了参考.     

长期绿肥还田对江南稻田系统生产力及抗逆性的影响

 依据江南丘陵地区双季稻田28年（1981-2008年）长期绿肥还田的田间定位试验和4年的养分耗竭盆栽试验,分析比较了长期不同量绿肥还田对稻田系统生产力和抗逆性的综合影响。结果表明,常量绿肥还田和高量绿肥还田处理下,早稻、晚稻和历年的全年平均籽粒产量和生物学产量及其变异系数与长期单施化肥处理差异不显著,但由于绿肥还田处理施用绿肥替代部分化肥,平均每年的化肥N、P和K投入量比单施化肥处理分别减少90.0、9.9和72.0 kg/hm2。绿肥处理的双季稻全年产量呈上升趋势,而长期化肥处理则呈下降趋势,且前者的全年产量可持续性产量指数均略高于后者,常量绿肥还田下稻田系统的耐瘠能力也显著高于长期单施化肥处理。不同量绿肥还田下稻田系统生产力差异不显著,但耐瘠能力常量还田处理较高。     

国外纤维亚麻品种的比较与评价

采用随机区组对从国外引进的纤维亚麻品种进行了比较试验。结果表明:各参试品种的生育期与对照品种相当;TX-3、TX-13、SU和TX-14的原茎产量、种子产量和出麻率优于对照品种FANY,其它参试品种的原茎产量低于对照品种,但出麻率均优于对照品种;TX-3、SU和MARYLIN对枯萎病达中度抗病水平;比较各参试品种的综合表现,TX-3和SU两品种生育期适中、产量和出麻率高、抗病性好,可推广应用。     

DPS统计软件在《试验统计方法》课程教学中的应用效果评价

DPS统计软件具有完整的数据输入、编辑、试验设计、统计分析、图形制作等功能,在《试验统计方法》课程教学中,将DPS统计软件作为实验课的教学辅助工具,可激发学生的学习积极性,显著提高教学质量。     

Enhanced kernel set promoted by synchronous pollination determines a tradeoff between kernel number and kernel weight in temperate maize hybrids

Maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield is strongly related to the number of harvested kernels, where kernel number can be increased by synchronously pollinating silks rather than allowing them to be progressively pollinated as they naturally appear from the husks. However, there is scarce evidence on how this practice affects kernel weight (KW) and plant grain yield (PGY), and no report exists on its effects when combined with treatments aimed to reduce apical dominance, like male sterility and detasseling. Field experiments were conducted in two growing seasons (Exp₁ and Exp₂) using two hybrids, cropped at contrasting stand densities (3 and 9 plants per m²) and including (i) male-fertile and male-sterile versions, (ii) tasseled and detasseled plants, and (iii) natural (NP) and synchronous pollination (SP; pollen added manually to ears bagged 5 days after initial silking) systems. Tassel growth of sterile and fertile versions was also evaluated in a separate experiment (Exp₃). Detasseling increased the number of ears per plant reaching silking (P < 0.001) of NP plants, but this beneficial effect of reduced apical dominance did not improve kernel number per plant (KNP) or PGY. Similarly, the early arrest of anther growth in male-sterile plants had no clear benefit on KNP. In contrast, KNP was enhanced by synchronous pollination (range between −13% and +71%; average of +15.4% in Exp₁ and +3.9% in Exp₂). However, this pollination system promoted a decreased in KW (range between −30% and +4%; average of −11.8% in Exp₁ and −7.8 in Exp₂) such that the treatment had no effect on PGY (range between −19% and +37%; average of +1% in Exp₁ and −4% in Exp₂). Because plant growth rate around flowering was not different between pollination treatments, assimilate availability per kernel was reduced from ovary fertilization onwards in synchronously pollinated plants when compared to open pollinated plants. This explains the reduced KW when increasing KNP by synchronous pollination. In summary, none of the imposed treatments allowed grain yield to be increased at the plant level.