恩诺沙星注射液中非法添加磺胺嘧啶HPLC-PDA检查法的建立

对恩诺沙星注射液中非法添加磺胺嘧啶的检测方法进行了研究.通过比较受试样品中未知峰与对照品色谱图保留时间的一致性和光谱指数图的匹配,建立了HPLC-PDA测定法,并进行相应的方法学研究.结果显示,磺胺嘧啶回收率为99.5％,RSD=0.4％;线性方程为y=873577x＋98154,R2 =1;检测限为5μg/mL,表明该检测方法准确可靠,可用于恩诺沙星注射液中非法添加磺胺嘧啶的检测.     

高效液相色谱法测定穿心莲注射液的含量

建立了穿心莲注射液中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯含量测定的高效液相色谱方法。采用watersXBridgeC18色谱柱（150mm×4．6mm,5μm）,甲醇：水（65：35）为流动相,流速为1．0mL／min．穿心莲内酯波长为225nm,脱水穿心莲内酯波长为254nm,柱温30℃。穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯均在0．01～0．2mg／mL浓度范围内线性关系良好。系统精密度分别为0．35％和0．30％．平均回收率分别为96．57％和97．98％。结果表明,该方法简单可行、重复性好,可用于穿心莲注射液中有效成分的含量测定。     

盐酸头孢噻呋注射液在猪体内的比较药动学研究

本研究采用肺部支气管灌流技术对盐酸头孢噻呋注射液在健康猪和患巴氏杆菌病的感染猪体内的药动学特征进行了比较,为指导盐酸头孢噻呋注射液治疗猪巴氏杆菌病提供临床数据支持。选取12头健康仔猪,随机均分为健康组和感染组。感染组通过人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌建立疾病模型。2组动物分别按交叉试验设计,肌内注射盐酸头孢噻呋注射液,在不同时间点采集血液和支气管肺泡灌洗液,用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）检测头孢噻呋含量。健康猪血浆及支气管肺泡灌洗液中的药峰浓度（C_max）分别为22.33和2.49 μg/mL,相差近9倍;消除半衰期（T_1/2）分别为19.51和70.19 h,在肺部的消除非常缓慢,时长是血浆的3.6倍;药-时曲线下面积（AUC_0-∞）分别为372.05和94.59 μg·h/mL;表观分布容积（Vd/F）分别为0.41和5.24 L/kg,头孢噻呋与肺脏呈现高度结合。感染组血浆及支气管肺泡液C_max分别为11.81和5.05 μg/mL,T_1/2分别为11.79和24.65 h,AUC_0-∞分别为162.65和29.73 μg·h/mL,Vd/F分别为0.53和4.65 L/kg,与健康组表现出相同的特点。结果表明,盐酸头孢噻呋注射液在猪体内具有吸收迅速,消除缓慢,生物利用度高的药代动力学特点,且其在血浆和支气管肺泡灌洗液中的药动学参数存在显著差异。     

“炎黄之尊”在兽医临床上的疗效

选择养殖场自然发病病例,用“炎黄之尊”注射液（按推荐剂量10－20mg/kg.w)肌注治疗。结果：该制剂对畜禽各种肺炎病症（如喘气病、肺疫、胸膜肺炎等）有效率均在95．00％以上,治愈率均在92．5％以上。对G^-、G^ 菌感染引起的其它疾病有效率和治愈率均在81．57％以上。表明：“炎黄之尊”注射液可为一种新型广谱疗效制剂。     

CT angiography and MRI imaging features do not predict the tumor type and grade of feline injection site sarcoma

Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been described as methods for preoperative surgical planning in cats with feline injection site sarcomas (FISS), however, few published studies have compared these modalities. The objective of this retrospective, secondary analysis study was to determine if imaging features of FISS on CTA and MRI are predictive of neoplastic peritumoral projections. Archived data from a previous prospective study were retrieved for 10 cats with FISS. All cats had been evaluated in a single anesthetic episode with MRI and dual phase CT (CTA) imaging followed by surgical removal. Histopathological grading and targeted histopathology of imaging‐identified peritumoral projections were performed. Two observers evaluated the CTA and MRI studies for FISS shape, margination, size, enhancement pattern, postcontrast uniformity, pre‐ and postcontrast margination, the number of muscles involved, mass mineralization, and bone lysis. Metal was present in the imaging field of three of 10 cats, resulting in one nondiagnostic MRI. Peritumoral projections were detected in all cats with both imaging modalities, and most were benign. At least one neoplastic peritumoral projection was detected in six cats using MRI, five cats using CTA, and three cats with both modalities. Higher grade FISS were larger than low grade using MRI, and FISS were larger using MRI. Other FISS imaging features using MRI and CTA were similar. Findings supported use of either MRI or CTA for detecting neoplastic peritumoral projections in cats with FISS. Authors recommend CTA for cats with known metallic objects in the scan field.     

Integrated Flow-based System Displaying an In-line Mini Soil Column to Monitor Iron Species in Soils Leachates

ABSTRACT

Contamination of ground water as a consequence of soil leaching processes is an issue of major concern. In this context, a simulation of the soil leaching process was designed. A sequential injection (SI) method to monitor the soil leaching of iron complexes with in-line rain simulation for leachate production is described. The developed methodology comprises the SI determination of both iron(III) and 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinones iron(III) complexes, coupled to a mini soil column (mSC) for displaying in-line rain simulations. The described SI method enabled iron(III) determination within the range 2.0–35 µmol L^?1, with a detection limit of 0.42 µmol L^?1, and determination of iron(III) complexes in the range 1.0–45 µmol L^?1. It was successfully applied to leachates from laboratory scale soil columns (LSSC), with good precision for both iron(III) and iron complexes determinations: calculated relative standard deviation (RSD) of 5% and 6%, respectively. A step further in automation and miniaturization was attained with the incorporation of a mini soil column for the in-line leachate production. The system enabled the soil leachate production and assessment in less than 5 min, including determinations in triplicate.     

仿生注液沃土装置工作参数的优化与试验

为探索仿生注液沃土装置在土壤内部作业时工作参数对工作阻力和土壤粘附量的影响规律,优化作业参数,以保障并提高注液沃土装置作业质量,同时降低工作阻力和土壤粘附。该研究采用Box-Behnken试验优化设计方法,通过搭建农机土槽台车试验系统以模拟田间作业环境,开展注液沃土装置样机工作参数优化试验,将入土深度、注液量、土槽台车速度3个工作参数设为自变量,将工作阻力和土壤粘附量设为响应值,建立多元二次多项式回归方程,根据自变量与响应值之间的关系,优化仿生注液沃土装置的工作参数。结果表明:以土壤粘附量和工作阻力为响应值建立的回归方程模型拟合度良好;入土深度、液肥流量和工作速度对降低工作阻力和减小土壤粘附量的影响均显著,且入土深度和速度存在交互效应;试验因素对注液沃土装置降低工作阻力和减小土壤粘附量的影响程度为:入土深度>速度>流量,得到最优的工作参数为:入土深度11 cm、速度1.0 m/s、流量350 g/s。在最优工作参数条件下,注液沃土装置的工作阻力为260.01 N,土壤粘附量为8.73 g。该研究工作为注液沃土技术的应用和推广提供了参考依据。     

Induced Ovulation in Obscure Puffer Takifugu obscurus by Injections of LHRH-a

Obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus (Abedate) is one of the several species of Takifugu genus that migrate to the Yangtze River, China during the spawning season of February to May. It is a popular fish among locals and fetches a premium price owing to its high-quality meat. It is also a potential species for intensive culture as its natural populations are currently declining. There have been no published studies on the effects of GnRH-a injection on the obscure puffer. In this paper, we report the results of several obscure puffer ovulation trials conducted in 1995 and 1996. We demonstrated that ovulation could successfully be induced in obscure puffer collected from open systems during spawning period using a dosage of LHRH-a as low as 40 µg kg^–1 in two injections. We found no significant differences among 80, 60, 40 µg LHRH-a kg^–1 treatments in ovulation success, egg production, fertilization rate and hatch rate. Accordingly, we recommend the use of 40 µg LHRH-a kg^–1 as the optimal dosage from an economical point of view.     

云纹石斑鱼(♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)杂交后代染色体核型分析

本研究对云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(Epinephelus lanceolatus♂)杂交后代利用植物血球凝集素(PHA)及秋水仙素通过活体注射法制作染色体标本。选用头肾和鳃组织制作细胞悬浊液,并对冷滴片和热滴片法进行比较,结合空气干燥法制作染色体分裂相玻片,经吉姆萨染色后,在显微镜下观察筛选清晰完整的分裂相。杂交子代(俗称云龙斑)选取75个分裂相,统计染色体数目并进行核型分析。结果显示,云龙斑二倍体染色体数为48,其中,19对染色体为端部着丝粒染色体,2对为亚中部着丝粒染色体,3对为亚端部着丝粒染色体,其染色体臂数(NF)为58,核型公式为2n=48,4sm+6st+38t。杂交后代云龙斑与父母本染色体数目相同,都为2n=48,但云龙斑染色体与其父母本组型不同,在遗传过程中发生了复杂的染色体重新配对和变异。本研究为杂交后代"云龙斑"的种质鉴定、亲缘关系分析、杂交育种等提供了重要的科学根据。     

利用卤水试压法评价老腔的密封性

利用盐化企业采卤形成的盐腔改建储气库,是加快盐穴储气库建设进度的有效方法。中国各地盐化企业由于长期生产形成的盐腔数量众多,快速、准确地评价其密封性是老腔改造过程中的重要问题。卤水试压法利用泵车和管道从井口注入饱和卤水,通过监测注入压力和卤水流量,计算腔体漏失量来评价盐腔的密封性,其无需向井下下入任何仪器和设备,对井况条件要求低,具有操作简单,测试成本低的优点。现场应用结果表明:该方法可以有效判断盐穴是否发生明显泄漏,是评价老腔前期密封性的可行方法。