Direct and Residual Contributions of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation by Legumes to the Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) in the Nigerian Savannah

Field experiments were conducted to determine the direct and residual contributions of legumes to the yield and nitrogen (N) uptake of maize during the wet seasons of 1994 and 1995 at the University Farm, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria, located in the Northern Guinea savannah of Nigeria. Nodulating soybean, lablab, green gram and black gram contributed to the yield and N uptake of maize either intercropped with the legumes or grown after legumes as a sole crop. Direct transfer of N from the nodulating soybean, lablab, green gram and black gram to the intercropped maize was 24.9–28.1, 23.8–29.2, 19.7–22.1 and 18.4–18.6 kg N ha^–1, respectively. However, the transfer of residual N from these legumes to the succeeding maize crop was 18.4–20.0, 19.5–29.9, 12.0–13.7 and 9.3–10.3 kg N ha^–1, respectively. Four years of continuous lablab cropping resulted in yields and N uptake of the succeeding maize crop grown without fertilizer N that were comparable to the yields and N uptake of the succeeding maize crop supplied with 40–45 kg N ha^–1 and grown after 4 years of continuous sorghum cropping. It may therefore be concluded that nodulating soybean, lablab, green gram and black gram may be either intercropped or grown in rotation with cereals in order to economize the use of fertilizer N for maize production in the Nigerian savannah.     

几种代表性牧草对水牛泌乳高峰期生产性能的影响

将36头泌乳期、产奶量相近的水牛均分3组,探讨禾本科黑麦草、豆科紫花苜蓿、蓼科鲁梅克斯K-1三种牧草对泌乳高峰期生产性能的影响,结果发现,饲喂鲁梅克斯K-1分别比紫花苜蓿和黑麦草提高15.93%、13.14%的产奶量(P<0.05),以及6.09%、6.63%的乳脂率(P<0.01);而紫花苜蓿与黑麦草间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。故种植鲁梅克斯K-1适合我国农村散养水牛的小区放牧或舍饲补饲。     

加强高校领导班子思想政治建设的若干思考

党的十六届四中全会作出了《关于加强党的执政能力建设的决定》,第十三次全国高校党建工作会议提出了全面加强高校领导班子的思想政治建设的要求。加强高校领导班子思想政治建设,必须紧紧抓住理想信念、政治方向、立场、宗旨观念、治校能力、自身修养等关键环节,不断提高领导干部的自身素质和领导水平,增强领导班子的凝聚力、创造力、战斗力。     

如何在和谐社会中培养优秀的音乐教育人才

未来社会需要高素质的、德才兼备的、具有宽广知识、一专多能的音乐教育人才.在提高专业技能知识的同时,培养学生综合素质,是当前和谐社会中培养高素质人才的关键.     

大豆凝集素对小肠上皮细胞和红细胞凝集能力的研究

本文旨在测定纯化的大豆凝集素对兔和鸡小肠上皮细胞和红细胞的凝集活性。测定大豆凝集素对红细胞的凝集能力时,采用2%兔红细胞悬液,测定了使兔红细胞50%凝集的蛋白质浓度。测定对兔小肠上皮细胞的凝集能力时,采用荧光标记SBA与新鲜小肠上皮细胞结合后,观察荧光显微镜下荧光结合细胞比例的方法定量。经血凝试验结果表明,使兔红细胞50%凝集的SBA蛋白质浓度为2.50~3.69μg/mL,而SBA对鸡的红细胞没有凝集作用。SBA对兔小肠上皮细胞有结合能力,结合率为30%左右。试验结果说明大豆凝集素的血凝活性具种属特异性,用SBA与小肠上皮细胞的结合率作为评价其抗营养活性的指标具一定可行性。     

20份早熟欧美血缘玉米自交系利用潜力分析

以20份早熟欧美血缘自交系为供试材料,9份SS群自交系为母本、11份NSS群自交系为父本,采用不完全双列杂交设计,进行配合力分析评价。结果表明,自交系DNF342、DNLM18、东407、东409和东401产量一般配合力(GCA)优良,东304和东503株高、穗位高一般配合力优良,有利于降低杂交组合株高和穗位高。杂交组合东407×东601、东409×DNF342、东502×DN4206、东409×东305、东407×DN4206和东401×东601产量对照优势较强,可用于新品种试验。     

Influence of ventral fixation techniques on atlantoaxial joint fusion in canine models with dens partial resection

We evaluated the completeness of bony fusion of the atlantoaxial joint (AAJ) through polymethylmethacrylate fixation (PMF) and atlantoaxial plate fixation (APF) using six canine models with dens partial resection. In both groups, the hydroxyapatite content at the AAJ was measured up to 7 months postoperatively using quantitative computed tomography. Histological assessment revealed fibrous fusion in the PMF group. Meanwhile, in the APF group, only one dog achieved fibrous fusion, whereas the remaining three showed bony fusion. To our knowledge, this study was the first to evaluate AAJ fusion histologically after PMF and APF. The present study demonstrates that PMF and APF may stabilize the AAJ without clinical complications. Therefore, PMF and APF are clinically useful fixation methods for atlantoaxial instability.     

寄生小菜蛾的赤眼蜂蜂种选择Ⅲ.三种赤眼蜂对十字花科蔬菜非目标害虫的寄生能力

通过拟澳洲赤眼蜂、短管赤眼锋和碧岭赤眼蜂对菜粉蝶、斜纹夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾卵的功能反应试验，测定了3种赤眼锋对十字花科蔬菜非目标害虫的寄生能力。结果表明，在菜粉蝶卵上，短管赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂都能产卵寄生，短管赤眼蜂的寄生能力远大于拟澳洲赤眼锋，但两者都不能发育成功和正常羽化；在甜菜夜蛾卵上，3种赤眼峰都有较强的产卵寄生能力，且寄生能力差异不大，但碧岭赤眼蜂却不能发育成功和正常羽化；这3种赤眼蜂都能在斜纹夜蛾卵上发育成功并繁殖出下一代，以短管赤眼锋对斜纹夜蛾卵的适应性最强。     

广西玉米纹枯病菌培养性状及其致病力研究

从广西玉米主产区的8个县市秋玉米的纹枯病病株中分离出8个玉米纹枯病菌株,经生物性状的观察和菌丝融合群测定表明,它们都属于立枯丝核菌AGk-1-IA融合群;腐生定殖能力和致病力测定表明,菌株GX4、GX1的腐生定殖能力和致病力最强。     

观赏槭树的苗期试验初报

观赏槭树育苗试验表明,不同树种、种源间种实发芽率差异较大。发芽率较高的种类有樟叶槭(92%)、鸡爪槭(90%)、三角枫(90%),其次是复叶槭(85%)、红花槭(82%)、橄榄槭(76%)和元宝槭(75%);茶条槭、五角槭、罗浮槭发芽率均小于70%。1年生苗高生长量以复叶槭最大(113.98 cm),其次是三角枫(101.21 cm);樟叶槭和鸡爪槭1年生苗生长量中等,当年生长量分别为62.43 cm和71.74 cm;罗浮槭、青榨槭和橄榄槭1年生苗高生长量较小。季节生长节律有3种类型:橄榄槭、鸡爪槭、元宝槭、茶条槭等几种槭树表现为第1类型(前期生长型),即5月前苗木缓慢生长,6~7月进入速生期,7月以后苗木渐渐停止生长,速生期较短。复叶槭和青榨槭表现为第2种类型:1年生苗全年高生长有2次高峰,出现在6月和9月;樟叶槭和三角枫季节生长节律表现为第3种类型:5月生长缓慢,6月生长开始加快进入速生期,一直持续到8月底,速生期长。三角枫、橄榄槭、鸡爪槭、元宝槭、茶条槭、复叶槭和青榨槭等几种槭树表现出较强的抗寒性,樟叶槭和罗浮槭抗寒性较差。