不同嫁接方式对红厚壳成活率及抽芽数的影响

红厚壳（Calophyllum inophyllum）是热带地区多功能的优良树种。为筛选出适宜的红厚壳嫁接 技术,研究采用完全随机区组设计,设置了不同嫁接方式、穗条类型、穗条存放时间等3 因素不同水平 的嫁接试验,分析不同嫁接处理组合对成活率和抽芽数的影响。研究结果表明：劈接、合接、切接3 种 不同嫁接方式中切接的成活率最高,显著高于合接和劈接;半木质化穗条比木质化穗条嫁接成活率高3.5 个百分点,差异未达到显著水平;穗条存放0~2 d 后嫁接的成活率显著高于存放3 d;利用存放2 d 的半 木质化穗条进行切接,抽芽数最多,达到3.9 个。综合分析,采用半木质化穗条存放0~2 d 后进行切接有 利于提高红厚壳嫁接的成活率。     

Nursery and field establishment techniques to improve seedling growth of three Costa Rican hardwoods

Seedlings of three economically important and ecologicallydifferent native hardwoods, Cordia alliodora (Boraginaceae),Hyeronima alchorneoides (Euphorbiaceae), and Calophyllumbrasiliense (Clusiaceae), were grown in Rootrainers® (abook-type container), paper pots, and plastic bags filled witheither soil, soil with fertilizer, or compost substrates. Aftertransplanting in the field, treatments with and withoutfertilizer and herbicide were applied to all nursery stock types.In the nursery, species responded primarily to substrate type.Cordia grew better in bags of soil with NPK fertilizer andcompost than in unamended soil, probably responding to highernitrogen availability. Despite large treatment differences atplanting, there were no significant differences in plant sizeafter one year in the field between book containers and bags. Theexception were stump plants that were shorter and had highermortality. Hyeronima grew better in compost than in soil with orwithout fertilizer, probably responding to higher phosphorusavailability and lower bulk density of the compost. Plantsproduced in compost were also bigger after one year's fieldgrowth. Plants produced with soil or in paper pots had highermortality. Calophyllum grew less in compost compared to soil andgrew better when micronutrients were added to the compost andsoil. In the field, seedling produced in soil or withmicronutrients had higher survival or growth, respectively. Ingeneral, species grew better with herbicide and fertilizerapplication after transplanting. However, there were nointeractions with nursery treatments. Responses to fieldtreatments were independent and thus additive to the nurserytreatments. Differences in species response can be related tobiomass allocation patterns and ecology of the species.     

红厚壳的光合水分生理生态特性

研究了海南岛低山丘陵区红厚壳(Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.)在30℃温度条件下,不同光合有效辐射(PAR)强度及不同CO2摩尔分数(Ca)范围内叶片光合及水分生理生态参数的变化特征。结果表明:(1)400μmol/molCO2摩尔分数条件下,红厚壳叶片净光合速率(Pn)与PAR之间的回归方程:Pn=-1.3×10-6PAR2 4.89×10-3PAR-0.40902,相关系数(r)可达0.9214;光饱和点、补偿点及表观量子效率分别为1880.77μmol/(m2.s),85.59μmol/(m2.s),0.01644mol/mol;叶片蒸腾速率(Tr)与PAR间回归方程:Tr=-6.7098×10-8PAR2 2.8×10-4PAR 0.29612,相关系数r=0.8998;叶片水分利用率(WUE)与PAR间回归方程:WUE=-3×10-6PAR2 0.01093PAR-1.71097,二次回归关系较弱,相关系数为0.7601(n=39);(2)PAR为1000μmol.m-2.s-1PAR条件下,Pn与CO2之间回归方程Pn=-5.73×10-6Ca2 0.0161Ca-0.9765,相关系数r为0.9936,CO2饱和点、补偿点及羧化效率分别为1404.89μmol/mol,62.01μmol/mol,0.01598mol/mol;叶片蒸腾速率与Ca间回归方程:Tr=1.1804e-0.0009Ca,相关系数r为0.9803,水分利用率随CO2的增加呈直线上升,二者正相关明显WUE=2.33×10-2Ca-3.116,相关系数r为0.9821(n=36)。     

薄叶红厚壳叶化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

利用硅胶柱层挤分离和薄层纯化，从海南薄叶红厚壳(Calophyllum membranaceum Gardn.et Champ.)叶的乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分分离得到6个化合物。经理化数据对照和波谱分析，确定它们分别为木栓酮(1)，β-谷甾醇(2)，海棠果醇(3)，异海棠果酸(4)，穗花杉双黄酮(5)，海棠果酸(6)。其中异海棠果酸在药理实验中发现对肝癌细胞和肺癌细胞具有选择性细胞毒性，IC50值分别为9．074和6．372μg/mL。     

Triterpenoids from Calophyllum inophyllum and their growth inhibitory effects on human leukemia HL-60 cells

A new friedelane-type triterpene (1), along with seven known triterpenoids, was isolated from the stems and leaves of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. Their structures were established as 3β, 23-epoxy-friedelan-28-oic acid (1), friedelin (2), epifriedelanol (3), canophyllal (4), canophyllol (5), canophyllic acid (6), 3-oxo-friedelan-28-oic acid (7), and oleanolic acid (8) by spectroscopic methods (NMR, EI-MS). The growth inhibitory effects of these triterpenoids on human leukemia HL-60 cells were determined.     

Variation in oil content and fatty acid profile of Calophyllum inophyllum L. with fruit maturity and its implications on resultant biodiesel quality

Variation in oil content and fatty acid profile (FAP) of Calophyllum inophyllum; a potential biodiesel feedstock species were studied at different maturity stages and biodiesel quality parameters were estimated based on the FAP. A steady increase in oil content was observed with maturity. Variation in palmitic (16:0) and linoleic (18:2) acids followed exactly opposite trends where palmitic acid content has decreased and linoleic acid content has increased 77 days after anthesis. Oleic acid (18:1) content has shown a steady increase. Stearic acid (18:0) content remained steady up to 68 days after anthesis and then felt slightly in 77 days after anthesis. Linoleic and eicosanoic acids were found to exist in low concentrations demonstrated very little compositional variation with fruit maturity. Estimated biodiesel parameters of all maturity stages were found to comply with industrial standards. Even though 48 days after anthesis had the most ideal FAP for biodiesel production, ∼77 days after anthesis is preferred point to harvest due to higher oil content.     

气象条件对海南省红厚壳生长的影响

分析研究了红厚壳生长与气象条件的关系。通过简单相关及逐步回归分析,建立了红厚壳的围径、株高生长量与气象条件间的数学模拟模型,结合红厚壳叶片的生长情况,得出了红厚壳生长适宜的气象条件指标。研究发现最适宜红厚壳生长的条件是：月平均气温25℃以上,最低气温18℃以上,降水量160mm以上,地表温度低于33℃,蒸发量在200mm以下。当最低气温小于10℃,降水量低于50mm时,红厚壳出现不抽芽的现象。     

Calophyllum inophyllum: recalcitrant or intermediate seed?

We studied seed storage behaviour of a multipurpose tree Calophyllum inophyllum (Clusiaseae). Seeds were collected at Roslyn bay (23°7′60″ S, 150°43’60″ E) Central Queensland. Seed drying and desiccation tolerance tests were carried out according to International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) rules. We found C. inophyllum seeds to be recalcitrant and vulnerable to chilling injury, hence, unsuited for cold storage. C. inophyllum seeds maintained their viability for an appreciable period (> 8 months) if stored in warmer environments.     

不同激素种类及浓度对红厚壳嫩枝扦插育苗的影响

以红厚壳（Calophyllum inophyllum）1年生嫩枝为扦插材料,探讨不同浓度梯度的萘乙酸（NAA）、吲哚丁酸（IBA）及生根粉1号（ABT）对插穗抽叶特性和生根特性的影响,并运用隶属函数值法对各处理组合的扦插效果进行综合评价。结果表明：与对照处理相比,不同激素种类及浓度处理显著影响嫩枝插穗的抽叶率、新叶数量、新叶面积等抽叶特性指标,以及生根率、偏根率、不定根数量、不定根体积、侧根数量和侧根长度等生根特性指标,但对宿叶率影响不显著。不同激素处理下嫩枝插穗的抽叶率和生根率分别为21.7%~66.7%和43.3%~98.3%,而对照处理的抽叶率和生根率均为0。基于隶属函数值法综合分析,激素处理对扦插效果的促进作用依次为NAA>ABT>IBA。NAA处理插穗的抽叶率和生根率均值为62.1%和95.4%,分别比ABT处理增加47.5%和30.2%,比IBA处理增加62.0%和57.9%。综合分析,红厚壳嫩枝扦插的最佳处理组合为1000 mg/L NAA,其抽叶率为61.7%,生根率为95.0%。     

滇南红厚壳的特性及育苗造林技术

滇南红厚壳是云南新发掘出来的一种优质造林树种 ,其树干通直圆满 ,材质优良 ,是制作刨切单板的优质材料。其树形优美 ,也是一种优质的绿化树种。人工造林后生长较快 ,年平均高生长量可达 0 83m ,直径年增长 1 5cm。 2 0 2 5年可采伐利用。通过对滇南红厚壳的分布、生态及生长习性、木材性质、种子特性和育苗造林技术的论述 ,以便全面了解该树种。