湖南省山羊脑多头蚴的线粒体nad1和nad4基因的序列测定及种系发育分析

本研究旨在阐明脑多头蚴湖南分离株线粒体烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸( NADH)脱氢酶亚单位1基因(nad1)部分序列(pnad1)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)脱氢酶亚单位4基因(nad4)部分序列(pnad4)的遗传变异情况,并用pnad1和pnad4序列重构脑多头蚴与其它带科绦虫的种群遗传关系.利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增脑多头蚴的pnad1和pnad4,应用ClustalX 1.81程序对序列进行比对,再用Phylip3.67程序MP法和Mage4.0程序NJ法绘制种系发育树,并用Puzzle5.2程序构建最大似然树,同时利用DNAstar5.0中的Megalign程序进行同源性分析.结果显示所获得的pnad1和pnad4序列长度分别均为666和887 bp,湖南分离株与已知多头带绦虫位于同一分枝.由于脑多头蚴pnad1和pnad4序列种内相对保守,种间差异较大,故均可作为种间遗传变异研究的标记,从而为脑多头蚴的分子流行病学和其相关疾病的诊断奠定基础.     

林可霉素水溶性粉剂对由魏氏梭菌引起的鸡坏死性肠炎的药效研究

本文对新兽药制剂林可霉素水溶性剂，用人工感染发病的方法进行了药效学研究。     

产蛋鸡日粮中添加Vc的效果试验

选取海兰商品蛋鸡１０８只,分为对照和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ３组,每组３６只,分别饲喂添加０、１００、２００ｍｇ／ｋｇＶｃ的蛋鸡日粮。４２天的试验结果：Ⅰ组提高蛋鸡产蛋数６．３６％,饲料转化效率提高６．７％,经济效益增加１７．０２％;Ⅱ组降低蛋鸡产蛋数１．４５％,降低饲料转化效率２．９４％,比对照组少收入６．３％。说明适宜的Ｖｃ添加量能显著提高产蛋鸡的生产性能。     

Reduced protein kinase C activity and endogenous protein phosphorylation in ethionine-induced fatty liver in cows

Protein kinase C (PKC) activity was evaluated and the phosphorylation of its endogenous substrates was explored in fatty liver induced by administration of ethionine (an analogue of methionine) to cows in order to assess the relevance of PKC-dependent phosphorylation in the development of fatty liver. PKC activity was decreased in both the cytosolic and the total particulate fractions from fatty livers, compared to the corresponding fractions from control liver. The mode of activation by the PKC cofactors (1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, phosphatidylserine and Ca²⁺) was similar in both control and fatty livers, suggesting a quantitative but not a qualitative change in PKC in fatty liver. At least three substrate proteins (34 kDa, 26 kDa and 19 kDa) were found in the cytosolic fraction and their phosphorylation was reduced in fatty liver. These results suggest that impairment of the signal transduction pathway mediated by PKC is involved in the pathogenesis of fatty liver in cows.Abbreviations ATP adenosine triphosphate - EGTA ethylene glycol bis(-aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid - NEFA non-esterified fatty acid - OAG 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol - PKC protein kinase C - PS phosphatidylserine - SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis - TG triglyceride - TPA 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate     

DNA vaccine encoding avian influenza virus H5 and Esat-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis improved antibody responses against AIV in chickens

The H5 gene of avian influenza virus (AIV) strain A/chicken/Malaysia/5744/2004(H5N1) was cloned into pcDNA3.1 vector, and Esat-6 gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was fused into downstream of the H5 gene as a genetic adjuvant for DNA vaccine candidates. The antibody level against AIV was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Sera obtained from specific-pathogen-free chickens immunized with pcDNA3.1/H5 and pcDNA3.1/H5/Esat-6 demonstrated antibody responses as early as 2 weeks after the first immunization. Furthermore, the overall HI antibody titer in chickens immunized with pcDNA3.1/H5/Esat-6 was higher compared to the chickens immunized with pcDNA3.1/H5 (p < 0.05). The results suggested that Esat-6 gene of M. tuberculosis is a potential genetic adjuvant for the development of effective H5 DNA vaccine in chickens.     

管理方式对华北驼绒藜生长及种子产量、质量的影响

研究施肥、浇水等不同管理措施对华北驼绒藜生长及种子产量、质量的影响。结果表明,适宜的田间管理可以提高华北驼绒藜的株高、枝条数、种子产量和质量。其中3次施肥+喷钾增产增质效果优于其它处理。3次施肥为最佳施肥方式。浇水及喷施钾肥对促进华北驼绒藜营养生长和提高种子产量、质量没有明显的作用。     

温度与饲粮维生素C水平对后备蛋鸭血清免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究温度与饲粮维生素C水平蛋鸭的血清免疫和抗氧化指标的影响.选取12周龄金定鸭216只,温度设低温(2±1)℃和适温(18±1)℃2个水平;饲粮中的维生素C添加水平分别为0、200和800 mg/kg.试验共6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复6只试验鸭.试验期为6周.试验结果表明:1)低温使血清维生素C浓度显著降低了27.78%(P＜0.05),对氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)、白介素2(IL-2)、免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)、生长激素(GH)、胰岛素(Ins)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-I)、瘦素(Lep)、皮质醇(Cort)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)和甲状腺素(T4)的含量影响显著(P＜0.05);2)饲粮中添加200 mg/kg维生素C时,血清维生素C、IGF-I、Lep水平显著升高(P＜0.05),Cort浓度显著降低(P＜0.05);3)温度和维生素C的交互作用对Cort的含量的影响极显著(P＜0.01),对IGF-I、Lep、IgG和IgA的含量影响显著(P＜0.05),对GH、Ins、维生素C、L3、T4及各个抗氧化指标的影响没达到显著水平(P＞0.05).结果提示,低温影响后备蛋鸭血清维生素C的浓度,但饲粮中添加200 mg/kg维生素C时,可提高在低温条件下的后备蛋鸭血液维生素C的水平、提高血液中Lep和IGF-I的浓度、增强机体抗氧化和抗寒冷应激能力.     

羊布鲁菌16MOmp25真核表达载体的构建

利用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）,以羊布鲁菌16M基因组为模板克隆Omp25基因,设计含有EcoRI和xhoI酶切位点的引物序列,定向克隆到真核表达载体pCMV-HA上,构建真核表达重组质粒pCMV-HA～Omp25。经测序及双酶切验证正确,证明成功构建了pCMV-HA—Omp25真核表达质粒,为表达纯化外膜蛋白Omp25,研究其功能奠定基础。