计算机仿真技术三维地质图在VB中的构筑与实现

在土地管理信息系统中,编制直观、清晰的三维地质图是开发人员所必须具备的基本能力.就如何利用VB来开发三维地质构造图的基本步骤进行了详细地介绍,其中对像素格式的设定以及光照和材质的设置进行了详细的描述.     

解析公众参与城市绿地建设的基本模式

归纳总结了公众参与城市绿地建设的发展趋势，立足城市绿地建设各个阶段的特点，解析公众参与城市绿地建设的基本模式，指出公众参与是未来城市绿地建设研究的重要内容及发展方向。     

论基层农业科技单位的科技创新与成果转化

通过对科技创新和成果转化状况的分析,认为基层农业科技单位是中国农业科技创新和科技成果转化的重要力量;但基层农业科技单位面临规模小负担重,资金不足人才匮乏,竞争能力不强等诸多问题。面对这一现状,基层农业科技单位唯有积极探索机制改革,强化科技创新,加速成果转化才能得以生存、发展和壮大。     

用过氧化物酶同工酶对中国葡萄属野生种分类和亲缘关系的研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＡＧＥ）对我国葡萄属１２个野生种和变种进行了过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）同工酶的研究。结果如下：绘制了葡萄属的基本酶谱，共分离出３５条酶带，用过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱可把供试材料分为三组。综合同工酶谱和聚类分析的结果，认为刺葡萄，秋葡萄、复叶葡萄、瘤枝葡萄和华东葡萄是葡萄属中较原始的类型，山葡萄、燕山葡萄、和麦黄葡萄是较进化的类型，种的分组与进化和地理分布有关。     

豚草卷蛾越冬基数的现状及保护对策

豚草卷蛾是豚草的重要天敌，它以老熟幼虫在茎杆内越冬，根据调查每株豚草上不足1只豚草卷蛾越冬幼虫，所以冬季保护和增加豚草卷蛾越冬幼虫顺利越冬，是利用豚草卷蛾进行生物防治控制豚草漫延的重要环节。     

鹅掌楸种源材性遗传变异与选择

在鹅掌楸两个种及其杂种多地点７年生种源试验林中,随机抽取３块试验林共２８２株样本,分别遗行木材基本密度（ＢＤ）和纤维长度（ＦＬ）的测定分析,在分布型拟合与精度分析的基础上,进行一般线性方差模型分析,结果为：中国鹅掌楸种源间ＢＤ和ＦＬ均差异显著（a=0.05),５个北美鹅掌楸种源间ＢＤ和ＦＬ未达到显著差异,地点间差异及种源与地点的交互作用不显著,平均值Ｔ检测表明中国掌楸与北美鹅掌楸两种间ＢＤ和ＦＬ均不存在显著差异,鹅掌楸的ＢＤ总均值为0.397g/cm^3,ＦＬ总均值达１.603mm,属于中小密度,长纤维或近长纤维树种,差异分析揭示了种内差异是掌释属的主要变异来源,种内种源间存在选择的遗传基础,性状遗传相关分析认为,鹅掌楸ＢＤ和ＦＬ之间相互不密切（r=0.157),两本材料状与各生长因子间相关亦不密切,说明他们之间基因连锁不紧密,可独立选择。BD种源广义遗传力为H^2BD=0.65,受遗传控制较强,ＦＬ为Ｈ^FL=0.29,受遗传控制中偏弱,两性状年－年间遗传相关密切,在上述分析结果的基础上方３种标准进行了鹅掌楸属材料种源选择,其中,在“强度选择”条件下,选出ＢＤ优良的种源为庐山和桑植,ＦＬ优良的种源为浏阳和赣武夷,均为中国掌楸种源,北美种源虽然与中国种源在总体上不存在明显差异,但多数处于中等水平上,对照杂种夫性系ＢＤ和ＦＬ的均超过鹅掌楸性状总均值,但未超过最好的种源。     

VB环境下OpenGL的使用

OpenGL作为事实的工业标准，广泛地应用于二维和三维图形的编程中，但大多工作于C语言的环境下，如何在VB环境下使用它，相关的参考文献较少。本文针对此问题，论述了在Visual Basic环境下，应用第三方函数库VBOpenGL type library进行三维图形编程设计的使用方法。     

Vaccination with a genotype 1 modified live vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus significantly reduces viremia,viral shedding and transmission of the virus in a quasi-natural experimental model

The present study assessed the efficacy of vaccination against genotype 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in terms of reduction of the transmission. Ninety-eight 3-week-old piglets were divided in two groups: V (n = 40) and NV (n = 58) that were housed separately. V animals were vaccinated with a commercial genotype 1 PRRSV vaccine while NV were kept as controls. On day 35 post-vaccination, 14 NV pigs were separated and inoculated intranasally with 2 ml of a heterologous genotype 1 PRRSV isolate (“seeder” pigs, SP). The other V and NV animals were distributed in groups of 5 pigs each. Two days later, one SP was introduced into each pen to expose V and NV to PRRSV. Sentinel pigs were allocated in adjacent pens. Follow-up was of 21 days. All NV (30/30) became viremic after contact with SP while only 53% of V pigs were detected so (21/40, p < 0.05). Vaccination shortened viremia (12.2 ± 4 versus 3.7 ± 3.4 days in NV and V pigs, respectively, p < 0.01). The 50% survival time for becoming infected (Kaplan–Meier) for V was 21 days (CI_95% = 14.1–27.9) compared to 7 days (CI_95% = 5.2–8.7) for NV animals (p < 0.01). These differences were reflected in the R value as well: 2.78 (CI_95% = 2.13–3.43) for NV and 0.53 (CI_95% = 0.19–0.76) for V pigs (p < 0.05). All sentinel pigs (10/10) in pens adjacent to NV + SP pens got infected compared to 1/4 sentinel pigs allocated contiguous to a V + SP pen. These data show that vaccination of piglets significantly decrease parameters related to PRRSV transmission.     

Horizontal transmission dynamics of White spot syndrome virus by cohabitation trials in juvenile Penaeus monodon and P. vannamei

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a rod-shaped double-stranded DNA virus, is an infectious agent causing fatal disease in shrimp farming around the globe. Within shrimp populations WSSV is transmitted very fast, however, the modes and dynamics of transmission of this virus are not well understood. In the current study the dynamics of disease transmission of WSSV were investigated in small, closed populations of Penaeus monodon and Penaeus vannamei. Pair cohabitation experiments using PCR as a readout for virus infection were used to estimate transmission parameters for WSSV in these two species. The mortality rate of contact-infected shrimp in P. monodon was higher than the rate in P. vannamei. The transmission rate parameters for WSSV were not different between the two species. The relative contribution of direct and indirect transmission rates of WSSV differed between the two species. For P. vannamei the direct contact transmission rate of WSSV was significantly lower than the indirect environmental transmission rate, but for P. monodon, the opposite was found. The reproduction ratio R₀ for WSSV for these two species of shrimp was estimated to be above one: 2.07 (95%CI 1.53, 2.79) for P. monodon and 1.51 (95%CI 1.12, 2.03) for P. vannamei. The difference in R₀ between the two species is due to a lower host mortality and hence a longer infectious period of WSSV in P. monodon.