Detection of “Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris” associated with henon bamboo witches' broom in Korea

Witches' broom disease in bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra Munro var. henonis) was found in Yeoungyang, Korea. In transmission electron micrographs, phytoplasma-like bodies were detected in the phloem cells of diseased plants but not in those of healthy plants. The presence of phytoplasmas was confirmed by amplification of a 1.8-kb DNA fragment using a primer pair specific for the region containing a 16S rRNA gene and an intergenic spacer region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes. Comparision of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the causal phytoplasma belongs to “Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris,” and shared the highest degree of similarity with the sequence of the onion yellows (OY) isolate in Japan. This is the first phylogenetic identification of phytoplasma infection of bamboo in Korea.     

竹醋液对几种观赏植物生长的影响

 不同浓度竹醋液对几种观赏植物生长影响的试验结果表明，在植物生长期以10 μL/cm³ 的 200～250倍竹醋液直接施人土中，可显著提高盆栽观赏植物的生长势及叶绿素含量，证明竹醋液在一定浓度范围内对植物有促进生长、延缓衰老的作用；同时，在50～500倍竹醋液浓度范围内，不同植物表现出不同的反应。     

园艺观赏竹类及其在园林中的应用

重点论述了竹子的观赏价值,传统观赏竹类及其在园林中的应用,野生竹类的观赏价值及开发现状,人工艺术竹及其开发利用现状,分析了观赏竹开发利用中存在的问题及发展前景.     

竹林生产力因子的评价

生产力因子的分析是衡量与评价林分生产潜力与管理水平的重要方法。我国对这个领域的综合研究与应用还不多。深度与广度也不平衡。本文试图对竹子林分的经济指数、立竹度、叶面积指数、生境质量与生长级等方面作进一步探讨、以供各地参考。     

NaCl处理对竹柳苗光合特性的影响

[目的]通过研究不同浓度NaCl胁迫对竹柳苗光合特性的影响来评定其耐盐性.[方法]以含盐量分别为0（对照）、0.25％、0.50％、1.00％的盐溶液对一年生竹柳扦插苗进行处理,在处理后第3、6、9、12天测定净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率以及叶绿素含量.[结果]随着NaCl处理浓度的增大和时间的延长,竹柳苗叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率以及叶绿素含量都逐渐降低,胞间CO2浓度则先降低后升高.[结论]竹柳具有一定的耐盐性,有向滩涂引种的潜力.     

竹叶提取物对小鼠运动能力的影响

旨在研究竹叶提取物对小鼠运动能力的影响。选取8周龄健康雄性小鼠45只随机分为阴性对照组、模型组和试验组,检测骨骼肌和心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)的质量摩尔浓度,并测定超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性。结果表明,试验组小鼠游泳至力竭的时间显著大于模型组。与阴性对照组相比,运动训练后,模型组小鼠骨骼肌和心肌组织中的MDA质量摩尔浓度上升,试验组下降;模型组小鼠骨骼肌和心肌组织中的CAT活性下降,试验组升高;试验组和模型组的SOD活性升高。说明竹叶提取物具有改善运动能力和抗氧化的功能。     

毛竹低产林施肥效果研究

研究结果表明：毛竹低产林施用营养液与对照相比，施用营养液与混合肥相比，对毛竹株数增长率影响均有显著差异，施用混合肥与对照相比，对毛竹株 增长度影响差异不显著。2种施肥方案与对照相比，对胸径的增长率和退笋株数影响均无显著差异。施用营养液可增加纯收入，施用混合肥纯收入反而减少。毛竹低产林施用混合肥效果不明显，经济上也不可行；而施用营养液可在短时间内迅速提高立竹度，用工、投资少，效果好，经济效益高，不失为低产林改造的一条好途径。     

The effect of dietary bamboo charcoal supplementation on growth and serum biochemical parameters of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

This study investigated the effect of dietary bamboo charcoal (BC) supplementation on the growth performance and health status of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). A 63‐day feeding trial was carried out wherein the carp were reared on diets containing increasing levels of BC (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%). Treatment with BC did not produce any obvious effect (p > .05) on the growth performance of the juvenile common carp and on the overall muscle fatty acid composition. However, significant improvements (p < .05) were reported on serum indicators such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and glucose (GLU) with the 4% inclusion level producing the most beneficial effects without adversely affecting some of the indices that were not improved at this level. Improvements were further observed in the intestinal villus length and goblet cells numbers at 4% supplementation. Although some evidence of potential toxicity exists, the overall findings of this study suggest that supplementation of common carp diets with 4% BC has a potential to enhance serum biochemical indices, intestinal functions and fatty acid content in common carp. Furthermore, while no positive effects were observed on the growth performance and total muscle fatty acid composition, no adverse effects were reported on these parameters. Therefore, BC has the potential to be used as a feed additive in the diets of juvenile common carp to improve health status and intestinal function.     

Intercalation of wood charcoal with sulfuric acid

Intercalation of wood charcoal with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) was investigated. Carbonized sugi (Japanese cedar) samples were prepared by heating at various temperatures in the range 1700°–2700°C. Electrochemical oxidization was carried out in H₂SO₄ and the feasibility of intercalation was determined. In potentiometric analysis, plateaus appeared for samples carbonized at temperatures above 2300°C. In their X-ray diffraction profiles, the peak at around 26° was shifted to a smaller angle of about 22.4°. These results can be considered as signs of intercalation with acid molecules. Fourier transform infrared analysis of charcoal heated at 2700°C, following washing with water and drying of the sample, showed a band at 1220 cm⁻¹ that was assigned to a sulfonate group. This band was not observed for samples heated at 1900°C. These observations suggest the occurrence of intercalation in the former charcoal, but not in the latter. It is concluded that wood charcoal can undergo intercalation when it has ordered stacking of hexagonal carbon layers. Part of this article was presented at the 55th, 56th, and 57th Annual Meetings of the Japan Wood Research Society, Akita, Hiroshima, and Tsukuba, August 2006, August 2007, and March 2008, respectively, and at the International Conference on Carbon “CARBON 2008,” Nagano, July 2008     

基于多感官体验的农业观光园中竹子景观形象的设计

农业观光园是融农业生产与观光休闲于一体的新型园林,已成为21世纪户外休闲的时尚。从农业观光园的内在要求出发,提出了体验性景观形象设计,总结了竹子景观形象设计的视觉、味觉、嗅觉、听觉和触觉等多感官体验的要素,从形状、质地和色彩3个方面入手进行视觉的景观形象塑造,从筛选或开发具有食用、触摸等价值的竹种和产品,布局适宜的场所等方面出发进行其他感官的景观形象塑造。在农业观光园中,塑造竹子的体验性景观形象对营造富有特色体验的空间场所和设施有着重要意义,是景观设计的发展方向,其本质就是要使竹子景观更加感知化,激发游人内心的美妙感觉,实现人与景观良好互动。