不同种胚及激素处理对高羊茅愈伤组织诱导的影响

以高羊茅成熟种子为外植体 ,研究了不同浓度 2 ,4-D、BA及不同的种子处理方式 (不切胚、切胚 )对高羊茅种子愈伤组织诱导的影响。研究结果显示 :①激素浓度对高羊茅种子萌芽及愈伤组织诱导的影响很大 ,过高浓度的 2 ,4-D、BA对种子萌芽和愈伤组织的形成均有负作用 ;②不同的种子处理方式对愈伤组织诱导的差异显著 ,切胚的种子愈伤诱导率的平均值为 11.0 7% ,而不切胚的种子愈伤诱导率的平均值仅为 2 .65 % ;③MS培养基下不同浓度 2 ,4-D对高羊茅愈伤诱导的差别很大 ,以 3mg/L效果最佳 ;④BA对愈伤组织的诱导存在一定的负效应 ,在培养基中添加的BA浓度越高 ,愈伤诱导率越受到抑制 ;⑤ 2 ,4-D +BA的不同配比浓度对愈伤组织的诱导存在一定差别 ,以MS +3mg/L 2 ,4-D +0mg/LBA的组合为最优组合 ,产生的愈伤组织最多。     

不同药剂对桔梗种子萌发影响的研究

不同药剂6-BA（A1：1mg／L、A2：5mg／L、A3：10mg／L、A4：20mg／L）、GA3（B1：100mg／L、B2：500mg／L、B3：1000mg／L、B4：1500mg／L）处理桔梗种子12h,研究对其萌发日数、高峰日、发芽率、发芽势及简化活力指数的影响。结果表明5mg／L的6-BA和1000mg／L的GA3能够显著促进桔梗种子的萌发。     

In vitro propagation of Lychnis senno Siebold et Zucc., a rare plant with potential ornamental value

Lychnis senno is a rare and valued ornamental plant. Seed propagation is not efficient because of the low germination rate. To grow commercially L. senno in China, a protocol for in vitro germination and propagation of this species was developed. Various germination rates were obtained by treating seeds with GA₃ during 1–6 months storage period. The highest germination rate reached 19.4% when seeds were treated with 250 mg/l GA₃ and stored for 5 months at 4 °C. Axillary shoot proliferation was induced in the nodal segments of the seedlings on medium containing specific concentrations of BA and NAA [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant 15, 473–497]. Maximum number of shoots was developed on a medium supplemented with 5 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l NAA, while the higher shoots were observed on a medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BA and 0.05 mg/l NAA. Rooting was induced in 91.7% of the regenerated explants on a half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA. The plantlets grew well and flowered after transfer to the greenhouse. The chromosome numbers of seedlings and propagated plants were also determined to be 2n = 2x = 24.     

新型植物生长调节剂在核桃室外枝接中的应用研究

本试验研究了6种不同配方的新型植物生长调节剂浸泡接穗后,在含10%助剂A 的封蜡中密封接穗顶端对核桃室外枝接成活的影响,试验结果表明:选用100ppmNAA+0. 3ppm 助剂 B+助剂 C 和8ppmNAA+0. 5ppmBA+2ppmGA+助剂 C 两种新型植物生长调节剂浸泡接穗后封蜡,于3月31日至4月13日左右嫁接,其接穗萌芽半分别达100%和97. 7%,成活率86. 7%和80%。     

Plant regeneration of Carica papaya L. through somatic embryogenesis in response to light quality,gelling agent and phloridzin

Difficulties to develop an easy and reproducible protocol to get healthy and well formed plants from somatic embryos of papaya (Carica papaya L.) had included low germination, callus production at the base of the embryo radicle and the occurrence of hyperhydric plantlets among others, and by consequence unsuccessful transfer to the field. With the aim of improving a propagation method, the effects of light quality, gelling agent and phloridzin concentration on the germination of somatic embryos of hermaphrodite C. papaya L. var. Maradol were studied. Somatic embryos were grown on half strength MS medium, with the addition of Chen vitamins [Chen, M.H., Wang, P.J., Maeda, E., 1987. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Carica papaya L. tissue culture derived from root explants. Plant Cell Rep. 6, 348–351], solidified with three distinct gelling agents: Sigma^® Agar–Agar, Difco^® Bacto agar and Phytagel^®; supplemented with phloridzin and exposed to different light qualities: blue (54 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), red (65 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), gro-lux (68 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), red + blue, white (32 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) and wide spectrum (49 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) during a period of 4 weeks. Results show that light quality and gelling agent had important effects on germination and plant growth, while 3.0 mg L⁻¹ phloridzin had an important role on germination as well as in root development. Somatic embryos exposed to white light, culture medium solidified with 3.0 mg L⁻¹ phytagel and 3.0 mg L⁻¹ phloridzin showed longer roots. Meanwhile, germination and plant length were promoted on an improved culture medium solidified with 7.5 g L⁻¹ Difco^® Bacto agar, 3.0 mg L⁻¹ phloridzin and exposed to gro-lux lamps. Under these conditions, 70% of somatic embryos germinated and developed normal roots without hyperhydricity. The regenerated plantlets with well developed roots and shoots were successfully transferred to a greenhouse with a survival rate of 95%.     

二步倍增东方百合“星球战士”及提高组培苗移栽成活率的研究

采用二步倍增法直接再生了东方百合“星球战士”。鳞片切块培养在MS＋4．4μmol／L BA＋0．5μmol／L NAA的培养基上50d后,再生出大量丛生芽。将丛生芽切块置于同样的培养基上进行诱导,40d后,从基部短缩茎切片上诱导出了大量不定芽,但是根切段上不再生芽。一个中等大小的东方百合“星球战士”鳞茎120d就可以再生出97200个独立完整的新植株。研究还发现：加椰糠的培养基质最适于组培苗的驯化培养因而获得最高的移栽成活率。组培苗移栽后生长正常,2a后正常开花。     

6─BA提高玉米幼苗抗旱性机理初探

叶面喷施10－5mol/L的6─BA可以提高水分胁迫条件下玉米幼苗的光合速率、叶绿素含量、光合效化酶及细胞保护酶活性，降低气孔阻力和MDA含量，减轻水分胁迫下活性氧对膜的伤害，增强玉米幼苗的抗旱性．     

硒对植物的毒害作用

采用室内培养的方法,研究了硒对小麦、黄瓜等植物的毒害作用。结果表明,低浓度的Na2SeO3能够促进植物体内叶绿素前体物质ALA(δ-aminolevalinicacid)的合成,有利于植物的生长发育;但浓度较高时(0.1mmol)会导致植物抗逆境反应物质ABA的增加,抑制ALA的合成,影响植物的正常生长发育;浓度达到1.0mmol时,ABA含量开始下降,植物出现毒害症状。同时也发现,外源6BA对硒的毒害有明显的拮抗作用。     

BA与NAA在怀地黄叶片离体培养中的作用

本文对BA与NAA在怀地黄叶片离体培养中的作用作了详细的比较。怀地黄叶片外植体培养在附加不同浓度组合的两种激素的MS培养基上,试验结果如下:1.BA浓度在5mg/L以内时,叶片外植体都能产生愈伤组织,但只有当BA浓度为0.5mg/L时,才能诱导出芽;2.NAA浓度为0.05mg/L和0.5mg/L时,只能产生少量愈伤组织,但能诱导出根;3.在BA和NAA不同浓度的组合下,有利促进愈伤组织生长和诱导出芽的浓度范围为:BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L,这个浓度组合是怀地黄试管苗生产中的最佳激素配比。     

亚热带山地草地生态经济特性的研究

本文记载了亚热带山区不同海拔高度:(1)草地植物生物量的季节动态;(2)草群地上部现存量和生长量的逐月动态;(3)牧草的再生性;(4)草地抗土壤浸蚀的能力及对放牧的适应等。这些资料有利于山地草地的合理利用和正确决定草地的利用制度和方法,从而实现亚热带山地草地在适度利用的同时,保持其生态平衡。这项研究也从草地生态经济领域为亚热带山区的良性生态设计提供了基本依据。