The novel Sinupret® dry extract exhibits anti-inflammatory effectiveness in vivo

Sinupret® is frequently used as a herbal medicinal product to treat sinusitis, and it was assumed that anti-inflammatory effects might contribute to its overall beneficial properties. Here, we investigated the effects of a Sinupret® drug mixture (SIN) as well as of the novel Sinupret® dry extract (SIN DE) with the latter containing higher concentrations of active ingredients, in an in vivo model of acute inflammation, the carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats. Both SIN and SIN DE were administered to rats orally at doses of 100 mg/kg (low dose) and 500 mg/kg (high dose) 1 h prior to intrapleural injection of carrageenan. Although both SIN and SIN DE significantly reduced the exudate volume and leukocyte numbers in the pleural exudate at the high and the low dose 4 h after carrageenan injection, the novel SIN DE was more efficient than SIN at the low dose, implying higher efficiency. In parallel, the novel dry extract SIN DE, but not SIN, at 500 mg/kg significantly lowered the levels of prostaglandin (PG)E₂ in the exudates and reduced the amounts of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein in the lungs. Together, SIN and SIN DE exert significant oral anti-inflammatory effects, which rationalize their therapeutic use in the management of sinusitis and other viral/microbial nasal infections that are associated with inflammation. Moreover, our results suggest that based on the higher efficiency and the accompanied reduction of COX-2 expression and PGE₂ formation, the novel dry extract SIN DE might be superior over the former SIN drug mixture.     

Acylated flavonol glycoside from Platanus orientalis

The ethylacetate and n-butanol fractions of ethanolic extract of Platanus orientalis leaves led to the isolation of new acylated flavonol glycoside as 3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavonol 3-[O-2-O-(2,4-Dihydroxy)-E-cinnamoyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside, along with seven known compounds. All the compounds were characterized by NMR including 2D NMR techniques. The isolates were evaluated for NF-κB, nitric oxide (NO), aromatase and QR2 chemoprevention activities and some of them appeared to be modestly active.     

A quantitative assessment of primary and secondary immune responses in cattle using a B cell ELISPOT assay

The aim of the study was to build a comprehensive picture of the appearance in the blood stream of Ag-specific plasma cells and memory B cells in the bovine model. For this purpose, we have developed a method allowing the detection and quantification of both cell types within individual calves immunised with ovalbumin. During the primary response, we detected a burst of ovalbumin-specific plasma cells at days 6 and 7 post-immunisation, which was followed by the production of specific Ab, whereas a gradual increase of memory B cells was only detected from day 15. As expected, a boost immunisation performed 7 weeks later induced a quicker and stronger secondary response. Indeed, a burst of plasma cells was detected in the blood at days 3 and 4, which was followed by a strong increase in Ab titres. Furthermore, a burst of memory B cells, and not a gradual increase, was detected at days 5 and 6 post-boost immunisation. Importantly, we showed a strong correlation between the anti-ovalbumin-specific IgG titres detected 5 months after secondary immunisation and the plasma cell numbers detected in the blood at the peak response after secondary immunisation. The detection and quantification of plasma cells following an mmunisation/vaccination strategy could constitute a very effective means for predicting the magnitude and longevity of an Ab response.     

Central roles for IL-2 and MCP-1 following intranasal exposure to SEB: a new mouse model

Murine models for bacterial superantigens like staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) have to date been rather cumbersome. The reasons include: (1) necessary use of potentiating agents such as actinomycin D, d-galactosamine, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or viruses; (2) high toxin amounts required to elicit effects; and/or (3) generation of phenotypic-stable transgenic animals. Our study employed readily available C3H/HeJ (TLR4 negative, LPS-nonresponsive) mice with intranasal and intraperitoneal administration of low microgram quantities of SEB. These animals responded to SEB with severe lung inflammation and hypothermia, culminating in death. A survey of cytokines/chemokines in sera and lungs after lethal intoxication revealed that monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-2 were associated with effects in this model. In contrast, SEB had minimal effects upon congenic (TLR4 positive, LPS-responsive) C3H/OuJ mice. Lethality of SEB in C3H/HeJ mice was neutralized with SEB-specific antibodies, suggesting potential utility of this model for future therapeutic studies.     

B超监测产后奶牛子宫恢复和卵巢变化情况的研究

作者旨在通过B超技术探讨产后奶牛子宫的恢复情况和卵巢的变化情况,研究奶牛繁殖性能的变化规律,为更好地指导奶牛产后配种、繁育等工作提供试验依据。根据试验方案选择8头中国荷斯坦产后奶牛（其中4头初产、4头经产）,从产后第1天开始到下次发情配种,持续利用B超观察其子宫的恢复情况和卵巢的变化情况。结果表明,子宫颈和子宫壁恢复正常的平均时间初产奶牛分别大约为25和32 d,经产奶牛均为27 d;经产和初产奶牛卵泡的发育都经历了6个卵泡波,前3个卵泡波为1个发情周期,后3个卵泡波为1个发情周期。因子宫未恢复完全,故要到第2个发情周期末（即要到第6个卵泡波）配种;初产和经产奶牛产后发情配种的平均时间分别大约为90和53 d。由此可看出初产奶牛的子宫颈恢复正常的平均时间要比经产奶牛早2 d,而子宫壁恢复正常的平均时间要比经产奶牛晚5 d;初产奶牛发情配种的平均时间要比经产奶牛晚37 d。     

基于B／S的MCMS的实现

多媒体教室的传统管理方法相对繁琐。借助B／S技术构建多媒体教室管理系统（MCMS）可以较大程度的减轻多媒体教室管理人员的工作强度,提高多媒体教室的使用率,并对多媒体设备的维修、保养、更新等工作提供方便快捷的支持。     

Effect of a biofilm‐degrading enzyme from an oral pathogen in transgenic tobacco on the pathogenicity of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum

The hypothesis that dispersin B (DspB), an enzyme from the periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans that degrades the extracellular matrix polysaccharide PGA, will inhibit biofilm formation of the soft rot pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in infected plants was tested by constitutive expression of DspB in tobacco plants. All the transgenic plants expressed properly folded and active DspB enzyme, although at different expression levels. In virulence assays, even the transgenic plant line D10, which produced a low level of DspB compared to other lines, showed significant resistance against P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, suggesting that DspB could be a valuable agent for biological control of P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum infection in crop plants.     

加味寿胎颗粒联合干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的观察加味寿胎颗粒联合α-2b干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法 60例e抗原阳性的慢性乙肝患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,对照组单用α-2b干扰素(安福隆)500万u,皮下注射,隔日1次;治疗组采用干扰素注射联合加味寿胎颗粒冲服,10 g/次,3次/d,疗程6个月。结果治疗组e抗原阴转率60%,HBV-DNA转阴率为76.7%;对照组e抗原阴转率33.3%,HBV-DNA转阴率为43.3%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论α-2b干扰素联合加味寿胎颗粒可以显著提高e抗原阳性的慢性乙型肝炎的治疗效果。