贮运条件对草莓主要色素成分稳定性的影响

草莓在贮藏和运输期间会产生褪色现象,花青素含量逐渐减少.为研究光照时间、温度、pH、金属离子对草莓花青素的影响,探索合适的加工与贮运条件,在花青素含量保持一致的情况下设置4种反应条件,探讨光照时间、温度、pH、金属离子对草莓花青素的影响.草莓花青素在自然光下照射8 h,吸光度值下降25％,温度高于60℃后,吸光度值下降...     

白东魁和东魁不同发育阶段果实的花青苷组分及含量差异分析

白东魁是从东魁杨梅群体中发现的粉色果实的杨梅变异株系,为研究东魁和白东魁果实色泽差异的形成机理,运用液相色谱串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）技术分析了两个品种3个不同发育阶段果实中的花青苷种类和相对含量。结果表明：两个品种的成熟果实中均可以检测出7种花青苷,分别为矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷,矢车菊素-3-O-阿拉伯糖苷,矢车菊素-3-O-鼠李糖苷,飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷,飞燕草素-3,5-O-二葡萄糖苷,天竺葵素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和芍药色素-3-O-葡萄糖苷,但飞燕草素-3,5-O-二葡萄糖苷在东魁和白东魁的幼果期和转色期均未检测到。白东魁成熟果实中除矢车菊素-3-O-鼠李糖苷外,其它6种花青苷含量均显著低于东魁,尤其杨梅果实中最主要的矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷,在白东魁果实中的含量只有东魁的13.93 %,从而导致了两个品种成熟果实间色泽的巨大差异。     

Ca~(2+)-ATPase抑制剂对采后草莓呼吸速率和花青苷含量的影响

用Ca2+-ATPase抑制剂钒酸钠(SO)和曙红(EB)浸泡处理转红期草莓果实(cv.Darselect)后表明,2者能提高果实呼吸速率,迅速促进外层果肉的花青苷生成,增加其可溶性糖含量,髓部果肉的花青苷生成和可溶性糖的变化较慢,而对果实的失重率影响不大。因此,Ca2+-ATPase抑制剂具有促进果实成熟衰老的作用。     

茶叶花色苷的研究进展

花色苷是具有多种生物活性的天然产物,茶树紫色芽叶中富含花色苷。本文综述了花色苷的代谢生理、环境影响因素、化学组分、提制技术、分析检测方法以及生物活性等方面的研究进展,以期为茶树紫色芽叶及其花色苷的高值化利用提供参考。     

不同类型花椰菜主要营养品质分析

测定、分析了3种类型15个花椰菜品种的VC、蛋白质、人体必需矿物质元素、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、粗纤维和花青素含量。结果表明:所有参试花椰菜品种的VC、蛋白质含量和钾含量普遍较高,其中VC含量在424~939mg·kg~(-1)(FW)之间,蛋白质含量在1.10%~2.99%之间,钾含量在1840.2~3509.8mg·kg~(-1)(FW)之间;3种不同类型花椰菜之间相比,VC、蛋白质、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、钾、钠、磷、铜、铁、锰和锌的含量由高到低均为紫花菜松花菜紧花菜,粗纤维、钙、镁含量为松花菜紫花菜紧花菜;花青素只在紫花菜中检测到,且不同品种间含量差异十分明显;紫花菜和松花菜品种间营养成分含量的变异度普遍高于紧花菜。     

笃斯越橘花色苷在模拟体内环境下抗氧化活性研究

采用.OH、DPPH.、ABTS+清除能力及铁还原能力四种体外抗氧化活性评价方法,在模拟胃、小肠、血液三种不同的体内环境后,对笃斯越橘花色苷提取物(粗提物和精制物)的抗氧化功能进行了评价。结果显示,笃斯越橘花色苷精制物对.OH、DPPH.、ABTS+的清除及铁还原能力均高于粗提物。笃斯越橘花色苷提取物在模拟不同pH胃环境下对.OH、DPPH.、ABTS+的清除能力及铁还原能力由强至弱依次为:pH1.5、pH2.5、pH3.5、pH4.5;在模拟胃、小肠并血液环境下对.OH、DPPH.、ABTS+的清除能力及铁还原能力为:花色苷提取物在模拟胃环境下>模拟胃并小肠环境下>模拟胃、小肠并血液环境下。     

Anthocyanin accumulation,biosynthesis and antioxidant capacity of black sweet corn (Zea mays L.) during kernel development over two growing seasons

In this study, the content changes of anthocyanins levels, antioxidant activities as well as related genes in their biosynthesis pathways of two seasons black sweet corn kernels were determined. Generally, three anthocyanins contents showed similar trend with peak at 10 days after pollination (DAP) in both seasons existing as free forms, and they gradually grew afterwards as kernel matured. Pelargonidin as the leading component was decreased significantly in autumn comparing to contents in summer which may be affected by lower photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and distinct gene expression levels. CF1, F3H and LAD as the essential genes in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis had high expression levels indicating higher production of flavonoid and anthocyanin. Black sweet corn (BSC) exhibited good in vitro and cellular antioxidant abilities compared to many fruits and vegetables indicating that BSC could be developed as a substitute food with high anthocyanin profiles and antioxidant capacity.     

Differences in the Ratios of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and Cyanidin-3-O-rutinocide to Total Anthocyanin under UV and Non-UV Conditions in Tartary Buckwheat(Fagopyrum tataricum Garten)

Abstract

Anthocyanins play beneficial roles in plant growth and development such as the reduction of photo-oxidative damage to leaf cells. Tartary buckwheat contains two anthocyanins, namely, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, which are accumulated in the stems and leaves. In order to clarify which type of anthocyanin is accumulated at different nodal positions, we investigated the type of anthocyanin and their contents in buckwheat stems using HPLC. The anthocyanins detected were identified as cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside by comparison with the retention times and co-chromatography with the standard solutions. The contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside at the proximal stem position were higher than those at the distal stem position. The ratio of each anthocyanin to total anthocyanin varied with the nodal positions. An outdoor study suggested that UV stress might influence the ratio of each anthocyanin to total anthocyanin. Consequently, we investigated these ratios in a growth chamber. The growth chamber study suggested that the ratio of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside to total anthocyanin was higher under UV conditions than under non-UV conditions. These results indicate that cyanidin-3-O-glucoside accumulates in a small amount and that cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside accumulates in a large amount in young organs that suffer from strong UV stress. Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside may have a UV-protective effect and tartary buckwheat may accumulate cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside systematically to afford effective protection against UV stress.     

pH试差法测定蓝靛果花色苷及大孔树脂纯化的研究

以一个全新视角对蓝靛果花色苷进行研究:在大孔树脂的筛选方面,通过pH试差法以直接上层析柱的方式,并以所纯化花色苷最浓部分的浓度为指标进行研究,D101的纯化效果较好;在对影响层析效果的因素方面,以所纯化花色苷最浓部分的纯度为指标对上样浓度和洗脱剂浓度两个重要指标进行研究,得到在上样浓度为1.5mg/mL、50%乙醇洗脱条件下的效果较好。